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Using a semi-autoethnographic layered account format, we present the voices of 16 Native American adults as they talk about their lives and Native American Caricature Iconography (NACI). First, we explore their impressions and lived experiences with “racial formation projects” such as tribal identification cards, blood quantum calculations, genocide, child removal, boarding schools, and reservations, to contextualize why some Native Americans interpret NACI as much more than “an honor,” “tradition,” or “just good fun.” Next, we explore the Native Americans' perceptions of sports mascots, cartoons, and sculpture, after exposing them to a series of eight images of NACI. We conclude that NACIs are racial formation projects as well. By unmindfully producing and consuming NACI, we fail to interrupt and reform the racial formation projects that continue to define us all.

Two-dimensional warranty policies exist for certain consumer products, such as automobiles. Here, warranty is specified in terms of the time since the sale of the product as well as mileage incurred during that period. Thus, at the time of purchasing the product, the manufacturer may offer a warranty of three years or 30,000 miles, whichever occurs first. Failures in the product within this specified period of time or mileage will be covered by the manufacturer.

In this chapter, we consider the scenario of enterprise warranty programs, where customers are given the option of extending the original warranty. Thus, the buyer could be given an option to purchase a five year—50,000 mile warranty, whichever occurs first. Of course, the buyer will be expected to pay a premium to purchase this extended warranty. Such enterprise warranty programs are also found in other consumer durables, such as refrigerators, washers, dryers, and cooking ranges.

This chapter explores determination of the decision variables, such as product price, warranty time, and usage limit under the original conditions and further, for the enterprise warranty, that is, the extended warranty time and extended usage limit, as well as the premium to be charged to the buyer who selects the extended warranty. Mathematical models are developed based on maximizing the expected unit profit by selecting an enterprise warranty program. Additionally, some other objectives are also considered based on the proportional increase in the expected unit profit due to the increased market share attained through the offering of an enterprise warranty program. Some results are obtained through consideration of various goal values of the chosen objectives.

This chapter is a brief review of some of the research themes of the past two decades on entrepreneurs, networks, and economic development. It begins with embeddedness and the heterogeneity of networks. Next, the chapter turns to a new concept that has emerged during the past decade: entrepreneurial ecosystems. Then, the author reviews the dynamics involved in entrepreneurship and regional development.

The ability to develop and maintain an effective network is an entrepreneurial competency. There are differences in female social networks' features as well as in the way of expanding it comparing to men's. But, there is little attention to female entrepreneurs' networks. This chapter focuses on the dynamics of female entrepreneurs' networks at different stages of the business life cycle. A qualitative study was conducted on a sample of Iranian female entrepreneurs in the trade sector situated in Tehran. The results of data analysis of 10 semi-structured interviews show a considerable change in networking activity over time. Although the most important role of networking for women entrepreneurs in both early-stage and established businesses is to achieve opportunities, information, and resources. Also, the combination of female entrepreneurs' networks is most male-dominated. And the main challenge of networking in the early-stage is being female, while it becomes rather an advantage for established ones. Finally, Iranian female entrepreneurs become more aware of networking benefits over time.

Incidents of violence perpetrated through digital technology platforms or facilitated by these means have been reported, often in high-income countries. Very little scholarly attention has been given to the nature of technology-facilitated violence and abuse (TFVA) across sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) despite an explosion in the use of various technologies. We conducted a literature review to identify and harmonize available data relating to the types of TFVA taking place in SSA. This was followed by an online survey of young adults through the SHYad.NET forum to understand the nature of TFVA among young adults in SSA. Our literature review revealed various types of TFVA to be happening across SSA, including cyberbullying, cyberstalking, trolling, dating abuse, image-based sexual violence, sextortion, and revenge porn. The results of our online survey revealed that both young men and women experience TFVA, with the most commonly reported TFVA being receiving unwanted sexually explicit images, comments, emails, or text messages. Female respondents more often reported repeated and/or unwanted sexual requests online via email or text message while male respondents more often reported experiencing violent threats. Respondents used various means to cope with TFVA including blocking the abuser or deleting the abused profile on social media.

Globalization has indeed created opportunities as well as socio-economic and ecological challenges for tourism economies. Digital transformation and liberalization in the financial sectors have evolved to address these needs. This chapter therefore seeks to examine the effects of digital financial transformation and legal environment for sustainable tourism development in East Africa.

The chapter adopts an interdisciplinary and pragmatic worldview on digital financial transformation and legal environment for sustainable tourism development in East Africa. This will engage qualitative research by examining recent extant literature, practitioner interviews, and secondary data.

In East Africa, the digital infrastructure for the Industry 5.0 is relatively underdeveloped hindering faster growth of digital financial economies and sustainable tourism. There is a weak legal framework in the East African countries in matters like e-business, cybercrime, and data privacy laws. The countries have gaps in their intellectual property laws which stifle innovation and these inadequate laws have led to increased digital online crime and frauds.

There is a need to strengthen and integrate a multi-sectoral approach toward a regional digital and legal policy framework in order to encourage innovation and e-business. Collaborative solutions, built on shared datasets, automate the financial services, creating efficiencies and accuracy in the financial systems.

The chapter draws on the use of interdisciplinary approaches toward developing a framework for digital financial transformation and legal environment for sustainable tourism development in East Africa.

The present study apotheosises on the relationship between blockchain and fintech and its impact on the financial services sector. It then gauges into the various aspects that have been included in the published literature by the authors all across the world.

Post-pandemic, technology has led to tremendous opportunities in the financial sector, and the customers have started assessing financial services in online mode, thus enabling companies to innovate their business strategies. The present chapter aims to explore the areas where blockchain is benefitting the financial sector.

The objectives of this study were achieved through systematic review of literature performed with the help of bibliographic analysis. Further, a PRISMA model was developed, and the networks were derived with the help of Scopus analyser software and VOSviewer Version 1.6.15.

It is observed that since the introduction of the term and development of the first blockchain, a lot of work has been performed in the said domain, but it is still at a nascent stage. It is thus discovered that the string specific research documents got published in Scopus database from 2016 onwards, and a considerable amount is being performed by authors from China, the United States and India.

The present chapter exhibits the various dimensions in which a lot has to be yet explored and needs to devise innovative and full proof strategies which will enable to overcome the challenges, thus strengthening the position and working of the companies in Industry 5.0.

Online retailing is continuing to grow at a time with many fashion brands are closing retail stores. Social media is now an essential component within the purchase journey of a fashion consumer. As social media networks continue to develop transactional capabilities, this has giving rise to the expansion of social shopping. Fashion brands need to consider how best to optimise social shopping opportunities as an extension of the retail shopping experience. Reviewing developments within retailing, a conceptual model of social shopping is proposed, which places mobile technologies as central to the social shopping experience both on social media and in store.