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The art started to pause in our city due to ‘Corona’. While it is already dying for economic, cultural, and political reasons, it has been thoroughly covered by the COVID-19 outbreak. In our city, which we consider young and modern, Mersin University Faculty of Fine Arts and Toros University Faculty of Fine Arts provide art education and hundreds of students graduate each year. In this epidemic process, there is no movement towards art in the city when the young population returns to their homes or to cities with their families. No wonder people started to rely on machines rather than nature after the epidemic. It almost halved the human lineage on our planet. Scientists, physicians, economists, and explorers have devoted themselves to destroying or weakening natural forces that would hinder the development of humanity for 300 years. The human race fought nature and upper organisms with railways, dams, engines, antibiotics, and atomic bombs. The painters documented the epidemic by producing pictures on the subject of the epidemic. Now we have to face the threats such as the warming of the world and environmental pollution, the epidemic every day. In this entire confrontation process, the lessons conducted online in our city have been tried to be shown as virtual exhibitions under the name of online. The contributions of this process in the context of ‘art’ and ‘the city’ have been examined and the results will be evaluated.

Conflict understandings of lay people mirror society in miniature. Although lay people and their conflict understandings in society may shape the course of an ongoing conflict, little scholarly attention is so far given to the understandings of everyday discourse in Turkey’s ongoing Kurdish conflict. The present research aims to examine the views of lay Kurds and Turks in two politically polarized cities in Turkey, Mersin and Diyarbakır.

To examine these views, the authors used focus group discussions and open-ended questionnaires with a total of 64 lay people from Mersin and Diyarbakır.

Qualitative content analysis revealed more conflict understandings than presented in the existing academic literature. Furthermore, multiple correspondence analysis suggested that both ethnic identity and the city in which people live are important factors influencing how people perceive the conflict.

The meaning of novel themes, differences and similarities within and between ethnic groups and two cities, and the usefulness of qualitative methods to examine lay people’s viewpoints are discussed.

The purpose of this study is to determine the optimum stimulation levels (OSLs) of cultural tourists within the context of their novelty seeking tendencies and to determine whether their OSLs have a moderating effect on the relationship between their satisfaction and revisit intentions.

To collect data, an online survey was conducted for Turkish cultural tourists (n = 563) in May 2018, and the data were analysed with PROCESS by Hayes.

The study’s findings demonstrated that Turkish cultural tourists were high-level novelty seekers and that novelty seeking has a moderating effect on the relationship between their satisfaction and short-term revisit intentions.

This study contributes to the literature by revealing the moderator effect of novelty seeking tendency on the relationship between satisfaction and revisit intention within the scope of cultural tourism, which has not been examined before.

The purpose of this paper is to develop accessible tourism in two areas of Greece and Turkey. The areas of Drama in Greece and Mersin in Turkey have cooperated in the frame of MEDRA project to assess their potential and set up a plan for developing accessible tourism.

The choice of the two areas was not random. Mersin currently enjoys continuous development, as one of Turkey’s biggest ports and a free trade zone. Drama is a developing area in agricultural manufacturing and high-tech sectors with a rich physical environment which aspires to develop a healthy alternative tourism industry.

The findings include, amongst others, the identification of needs of tourists with disabilities, and the relevant historical evolution, legislative framework, international good practices, policy-improvement proposals, accessibility assessment in Mersin and Drama, and suggestions for developing accessible infrastructure together with the training of stakeholders.

Greece although made a lot of progress regarding the issues of disability and accessibility still is not on the same level as many European countries, while Turkey has a lot to learn in order to deal with accessibility from a holistic point of view.

Both countries owe a large percentage of their national income, to the tourist industry and seek ways to gain advantages in this highly competitive sector.

The successful implementation of the MEDRA project constitutes an example worthy of a wider application in the development of accessible tourism, not only in the two countries but also to countries with similar characteristics.

Immigration is considered a stressful process that causes many problems such as social isolation, prejudice, unemployment, minority status and intergenerational tensions. This study aims to determine the opinions of the leaders of Civil Society Organizations (CSOs) in Germany about the experiences of individuals who immigrated from Turkey to Germany.

In this study, a qualitative method was used. This study was conducted between April and May 2014 with leaders of CSOs who were living in Germany. Informed consent forms were signed by all the participants. Purposeful sampling was used to select the leaders of CSOs to be included in the sample. In-depth interviews were conducted using a semi-structured interview format. The data reached saturation for the 30 leaders of CSOs. The data were collected through in-depth interviews and evaluated through thematic analysis.

Four main themes were identified: “Difficulties experienced”, “Recommendations to cope with/solve the difficulties experienced,” “Medical tourism” and “Use of health services.”

This study has some limitations that should be taken into consideration during the interpretation of the results. A majority of the leaders of CSOs had bachelor’s degrees, and were middle-aged and older, which might affect the variety required in qualitative studies. Thus, it remains unclear whether the results could be generalized to all Turkish immigrants in Germany.

To the best of the authors’ knowledge, this is the first qualitative study conducted with different Turkish CSO leaders living in Germany. This study outlines perspectives of CSO leaders’ migration-related challenges that Turkish immigrants struggle with to integrate into German societies. As a consequence, Turkish immigrants’ socio-cultural values, beliefs, difficulties they experienced, and legal rights should be taken into consideration in health care and tourism interactions. Possible found experiences could help to provide evidence on how to improve migrants’ situations.

This study aims to reveal the impact of consumers’ price sensitivity on their purchase intention within the scope of supermarkets. Besides, the study aims to examine the impact of consumers’ price sensitivity on their price perception level and emotions and the impact of consumers’ price level perception and emotions toward supermarkets on their purchase intention. It also aims to detect the mediating effects of consumers’ price level perception and emotions toward supermarkets between their price sensitivity and purchase intention.

The quota sampling method was used to form the study sample. The population was 20–69-year-old consumers. The study sample included 513 consumers, 276 of whom were men, and 237 of whom were women. Data were collected via a questionnaire by the researchers in Mersin’s (Turkey) five central counties. Explanatory and confirmatory factor analyses and structural equation models were used to analyze data.

Consumers’ price sensitivity, perception of cheapness, perception of expensiveness and positive emotions toward supermarkets affect their purchase intention. Besides, price sensitivity affects their perception of cheapness while it does not affect their perception of expensiveness. It influences negative emotions, but not on positive emotions. Consumers’ perception of cheapness and perception of expensiveness have impacts on positive emotions toward supermarkets. It was additionally discovered that perception of cheapness and perception of expensiveness affected negative emotions toward supermarkets. A contributed finding was that perception of cheapness had a partial mediating role between price sensitivity and purchase intention.

The study provides managerial implications in terms of understanding consumers’ behavioral changes, developing effective pricing strategies and achieving competitive advantages over the other retailing companies.

The study illustrates that consumer behavior can be explained by a theoretical construct considering the price perception levels and emotions toward supermarkets in examining the effect of consumers’ price sensitivity on their purchase intention. Therefore, it contributes to explain consumers’ behavior by bringing the stimulus–organism–response (SOR) model into a theoretical construct.

本研究旨在揭示在超級市場的研究範疇內，消費者的價格敏感度對其購買意圖的影響。此外，本研究亦擬探討消費者的價格敏感度對其價格水平感知及情緒的影響，以及消費者的價格水平感知及對超級市場的情感對其購買意圖的影響。本研究亦旨在檢測在消費者的價格敏感度與購買意圖之間，其價格水平感知及對超級市場的情感兩者的仲介效果。

本研究用了配額抽樣法來建立研究樣本。研究的對象為20嵗至69嵗的消費者。研究樣本包括513名消費者，其中276人為男性，237人為女性。數據由研究人員透過一項問卷調查在梅爾辛省 (土耳其) 的五個中心縣取得。使用探索性因素分析，驗證性因素分析及結構方程模型來分析數據。

研究結果顯示，消費者的價格敏感度，廉價感，對昂貴的看法及對超級市場的正面情緒，均影響其購買意圖。此外，消費者的價格敏感度會影響其廉價感，唯其對昂貴的看法則不受影響。價格敏感度對負面情緒帶來影響，但正面情緒則不受影響。消費者對廉價的看法及對昂貴的看法均影響他們對超級市場的正面情緒。研究亦發現，廉價感及對昂貴的看法均影響消費者對超級市場的負面情緒。貢獻的發現是：廉價感於價格敏感度與購買意圖之間扮演部分仲介角色。

本研究對管理有其作用。研究結果幫助管理人員更了解消費者行為的改變，發展有效的定價策略，以及比其它零售公司更能發展競爭優勢。

本研究闡明消費者行為是可以利用一個理論構建來說明的，而這個理論構建是透過考慮價格水平感知及對超級市場的情感來探討消費者的價格敏感度對其購買意圖的影響。因此，本研究透過把「刺激 – 機制 – 反應」模型變成為一個理論構建來說明消費者的行為， 在這方面，本研究是有其貢獻的.

The purpose of this study was to investigate the use of boric acid as a friction modifier material in brake friction composites and to determine the effect of heat treatment applied during production on braking performance.

The addition of five different amounts of boric acid was balanced with cashew, which is in the friction modifier material group. The samples were produced in the following order: dry mixing, preforming and hot-pressing. The effect of the heat treatment that can be applied after the hot-pressing process on the braking performance was investigated. The tribological and physical properties of the samples were determined using tests performed according to appropriate standards. The microstructures of the friction surfaces were investigated using scanning electron microscopy.

It was observed that the tribological properties of brake friction composites containing 20% by weight of boric acid were improved. It has also been observed that the heat treatment applied after hot pressing increased the friction coefficient of the samples by 7% on average and decreased the specific wear ratio of the samples. When the surface morphologies of the samples are examined, it is seen that the friction layers of the heat-treated samples are wider, and the microvoids and cracks are reduced.

This study showed that boric acid can be used as a friction modifier in brake friction composites. It also revealed the tribological and physical contribution of the applied heat treatment to the composite. Thus, it guides brake friction composite manufacturers in the industry and researchers working in this field.

Ports are the key elements of maritime transportation, which is crucial for world trade. Approximately 180 port facilities are located in Turkey. After 2007, 5 of the ports, which are formerly owned by Turkish Republic Railways Administration (TRRA), are privatized. The aim of the study is to evaluate the performance of these privatized ports by multi-criteria decision-making (MCDM) approach.

The application process is performed by a MCDM model. This model includes both criteria (dry bulk, liquid bulk, general cargo, container, RO-RO capacity, total port area, total berth, total berths length and depth) and alternatives (Mersin, Samsun, Bandirma, Iskenderun and Derince Ports). It determines the weights of the criteria by entropy and ranks the alternatives by ARAS and Technique for Order Preference by Similarity to Ideal Solution (TOPSIS) methods.

The results of entropy, ARAS and TOPSIS methods are compared. According to these results, “container” is the most important criteria while Mersin port has the best performance.

In the literature, most of the studies about this subject were analyzed by data envelopment analysis (DEA) and there are no studies had been taken into consideration ports that are owned by TRRA, in Turkey. Moreover, few of these studies used integrated MCDM models, and this is the first study that integrates entropy, ARAS and TOPSIS methods in this field.

Discussions of authenticity in touristic experiences indicate that it is a significant area in the search for meaning. This study aims to demonstrate that the quest for authenticity in a tourist experience begins in the pre-travel period by associating it with meaning in life.

Data were collected via survey from 356 people planning to participate in tourism activities. The survey included demographic questions, the meaning in life scale and the quest for authenticity (QfA) scale, designed by previous researchers.

The analysis revealed that meaning in life levels significantly explained the quest for subjective authenticity (R2 = 0.303) and objective authenticity (R2 = 0.131) in tourist experiences. The search for objective authenticity in a tourist experience significantly mediated the relationship between meaning in life and subjective authenticity.

The research has several limitations. Primarily, the sampling group of the research consists of Turkish tourists who are planning to participate in tourism mobilities, and mostly females volunteered to respond in the data collection process. Hence it is necessary to study potential tourists from other countries for a more generalized conclusion. Second, the authors did not specifically ask the sample group which forms of tourism they are planning to participate in, heritage and culture, fair, etc. Subsequent studies may address this distinction and the explanatory power of the independent variable may differ according to plan to participate in different forms of tourism.

Tourism has an important place in individuals' search for meaning in life and authenticity. Because it offers an environment/setting where individuals can find answers to these searches. As a result of modernism, individuals become alienated from themselves, and their environment and the meanings they attribute to life are sometimes blurred. Some individuals experiencing this tend towards tourist mobility. This process individuals go through also includes the need for authenticity. Thus, such tourist behaviors cause the emergence of different authentic products that can meet the expectations and wishes of individuals.

One of the main elements that encourages people to travel is quest for authenticity, which they feel is lacking in modern life. Thus, tourists are more likely to experience meaning in life based on subjective experiences than viewed objects.

The study offers three novel findings: individuals seek authenticity in tourist experiences in order to find meaning in life; quest for authenticity begins in the pre-travel process; and objective authenticity is necessary to seek subjective authenticity through meaning in life. While a few studies have investigated these variables, the authenticity literature has neglected the pre-travel phase. However, this needs attention to better understand authenticity in tourism.

Lightweight, durable and economical materials production has gained considerable importance according to the needs of developing technology. The purpose of this paper is to develop an new aluminum alloy by powder metalurgy.

Powder metallurgy, which provides controllably on desired end product, method was applied. Aluminum alloy was created with Al, Zn, Mg, Cu powders and 1.5% Na2[B4O5(OH)4].8H2O added. It was pressed under high pressure and sintered at 600 °C under N2 gas atmosphere. Density, hardness behaviors and thermal properties were determined. Surfaces and crystal structures of samples were characterized.

The addition of borax made easier grains coming to together, acting as binders and the AlB2 crystal phase was formed. It was also observed that MgZn2, Al2CuMg phases were formed. In this way, the pores between the particles of the material were reduced from 35% to 5% total porosity and the hardness of the material was increased 29 N/mm2 to 45 N/mm2 (Brinell Hardness, HB). The surface properties improved and the hydrophobicity of the surface (from 63° to 102° contact angle with borax) increased. Thus, the heat transfer among atoms get easier and the borax addition decreased specific heat capacity and enthalpy of aluminum–borax samples. This situation was also simulated with the heat transfer module of COMSOL. As result, the energy required reduced. In the other word, sintering process occurred at low temperature and more efficient.

New aluminum alloy has been created from different amounts of Zn, Mg, Cu elemental powders. In addition to literature, relationship of borax and aluminum and other alloying elements on the mechanical, thermophysical and surface properties of new obtained aluminum alloy has been investigated.