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1 – 10 of 86Ilhami Colak, Mehmet Demirtas and Ersan Kabalci
– The purpose of this paper is to examine diminish switching losses in a solar energy conversion system in order to utilise the full efficiency of a solar panel.
Abstract
Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to examine diminish switching losses in a solar energy conversion system in order to utilise the full efficiency of a solar panel.
Design/methodology/approach
In this paper, a boost converter and a resonant DC link (RDCL) inverter are controlled by a microcontroller. The maximum power point tracker (MPPT) algorithm implemented for boost converter supplies to track maximum power point of solar panel. The Class D full-bridge resonant inverter (RI) that is considered to be supplied by boost converter is modeled and zero voltage switching operation is performed by controlling the inverter with sinusoidal pulse width modulation (SPWM) control scheme. The control algorithm is managed with a feedback detecting the current of the boost converter and the zero voltage levels of capacitor voltage in the resonant circuit.
Findings
There are several control techniques have been proposed to reduce switching losses and harmonic contents in conventional or RDCL inverters. Solar panels are used in low power applications among other renewable energy sources. By considering that the efficiency parameter of an actual solar panels is around 14∼17 per cent, the switching losses occurred in energy conversion systems causes the efficiency are reduced.
Originality/value
The proposed approach has been decreased the switching power losses owing to resonant DC link inverter while the developed MPPT algorithm provides to generate maximum power. This paper introduces a novel soft switching technique in solar energy applications in order to maximise the possible efficiency.
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Kirubakaran Dhandapani and Rama Reddy Sathi
The purpose of this paper is to present, a novel boost‐active clamp bridge single stage high‐frequency zero voltage soft‐switching‐pulse width modulation (ZVS‐PWM) inverter, which…
Abstract
Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to present, a novel boost‐active clamp bridge single stage high‐frequency zero voltage soft‐switching‐pulse width modulation (ZVS‐PWM) inverter, which converts the utility frequency AC power into high‐frequency AC power with an embedded controller. This single stage high‐frequency inverter is composed of a single‐phase diode bridge rectifier, a non‐smoothing filter, a boost‐active clamp bridge type ZVS‐PWM high‐frequency inverter, and an induction‐heated load with planar type litz wire working coil assembly. Also, the paper discusses how to extend the soft‐switching operation ranges and improve power conversion efficiency.
Design/methodology/approach
The proposed converter is simulated and it is implemented using embedded controller.
Findings
It was found that the single stage high‐frequency induction heating (IH) inverter using boosted voltage function can eliminate the DC and low‐frequency components of the working coil current and reduce the power dissipation of the circuit components and switching devices.
Originality/value
The paper shows that the PWM HF inverter is preferred for IH, since it has reduced switching losses and switching stresses. The paper can be extended to PC‐based wireless control, which can be part of a distributed control system in major industrial heating systems.
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Sahaya Senthamil Lourdusami and Rajasekaran Vairamani
The purpose of this paper is to analyze the performance of LCLC resonant converter (RC) with proportional integral controller and fuzzy gain scheduled proportional integral…
Abstract
Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to analyze the performance of LCLC resonant converter (RC) with proportional integral controller and fuzzy gain scheduled proportional integral controller.
Design/methodology/approach
The drawbacks of series RC and parallel resonant converter (PRC) are explained using relevant references in Section 1 of this paper. The necessity of RCs and the merits of zero voltage and zero current switching are given in the Section 2. In Section 3, the modeling of LCLC RC using state space technique is done. In Section 4, the open loop analysis and performance evaluation of proportional integral controller, fuzzy gain scheduled proportional controller using MATLAB Simulink is obtained. The hardware specification is given and experimental results are taken for LCLC RC. In Section 5, conclusion of study is given.
Findings
The LCLC RC overcomes the drawbacks of series and PRC. The fuzzy gain scheduled proportional integral controller is suitable for load variations in RC.
Originality/value
The output of the converter is not affected with the load variations since the controller suggested in the paper works for load changes and can be a solution for load parameter deviation applications. Also performance of the RC is improved by the fast response of the proposed controller.
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Boguslaw Grzesik, Zbigniew Kaczmarczyk and Jacek Junak
The paper presents the simplified model of the Class E inverter in which the MOSFET transistor is based on the piecewise‐linear (PWL) model. The model does not contain…
Abstract
The paper presents the simplified model of the Class E inverter in which the MOSFET transistor is based on the piecewise‐linear (PWL) model. The model does not contain inductances. The PWL description makes it possible to obtain the model in the form of general closed formulae. The general formulae have been obtained by means of MATHCAD and verified with the IsSPICE® simulator. The analysis of MOSFET switching performance in the active region at the constant load current is delivered. The work is a successive step in the systematic research of the Class E inverter as a supplying source in high frequency levitation heating/melting systems. The equivalent RL parameters of the load in such systems vary across a relatively wide range.
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Jean‐François Lange, Laurent Gerbaud, Hieu Nguyen‐Huu and James Roudet
An analytical approach is preferred to carry out the harmonic modelling of power electronics converters because it is generally faster than time simulation chained with FFT…
Abstract
Purpose
An analytical approach is preferred to carry out the harmonic modelling of power electronics converters because it is generally faster than time simulation chained with FFT. However, the difficulty of such an approach is to build the model and to manage the uncontrolled commutations that occur in the studied static converter, and also to deal with large equations. The purpose of this paper is to propose an aid in the frequency modelling of the drive elements, in the frequency domain, including all key parameters for sizing aim i.e. a way to optimize the EMC filter using different algorithms.
Design/methodology/approach
The paper aims to propose an aid to create such models, and to assure its good solving, i.e. that the correct operating mode is represented. So, the solving problem is formulated as an optimization problem under constraints, to solve this difficulty.
Findings
The difficulty is to be sure to deal with the good operating mode of the static converter when soft or uncontrolled commutations occur. So, the model is formulated as a constrained optimization problem. The paper proposes a symbolic approach, that allows to build automatically the frequency model. It is translated to be solved in Matlab.
Research limitations/implications
The approach does not fit for static converters with a control implying numerous commutations per operating period. However, the approach deals with natural and soft commutations.
Originality/value
The modelling is based on the use of linear components and ideal switches.
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Zakaria Mohamed Salem Elbarbary, Ahmed A. Alaifi, Saad Fahed Alqahtani, Irshad Mohammad Shaik, Sunil Kumar Gupta and Vijayakumar Gali
Switching power converters for photovoltaic (PV) applications with high gain are rapidly expanding. To obtain better voltage gain, low switch stress, low ripple and cost-effective…
Abstract
Purpose
Switching power converters for photovoltaic (PV) applications with high gain are rapidly expanding. To obtain better voltage gain, low switch stress, low ripple and cost-effective converters, researchers are developing several topologies.
Design/methodology/approach
It was decided to use the particle swarm optimization approach for this system in order to compute the precise PI controller gain parameters under steady state and dynamic changing circumstances. A high-gain q- ZS boost converter is used as an intermittent converter between a PV and brushless direct current (BLDC) motor to attain maximum power point tracking, which also reduces the torque ripples. A MATLAB/Simulink environment has been used to build and test the positive output quadratic boost high gain converters (PQBHGC)-1, PQBHGC-8, PQBHGC-4 and PQBHGC-3 topologies to analyse their effectiveness in PV-driven BLDC motor applications. The simulation results show that the PQBHGC-3 topology is effective in comparison with other HG cell DC–DC converters in terms of efficiency, reduced ripples, etc. which is most suitable for PV-driven BLDC applications.
Findings
The simulation results have showed that the PQBHGC-3 gives better performance with minimum voltage ripple of 2V and current ripple of 0.4A which eventually reduces the ripples in the torque in a BLDC motor. Also, the efficiency for the suggested PQBHGC-3 for PV-based BLDC applications is the best with 99%.
Originality/value
This study is the first of its kind comparing the different topologies of PQBHGC-1, PQBHGC-8, PQBHGC-4 and PQBHGC-3 topologies to analyse their effectiveness in PV-driven BLDC motor applications. This study suggests that the PQBHGC-3 topology is most suitable in PV-driven BLDC applications.
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Dangshu Wang, Menghu Chang, Licong Zhao, Yuxuan Yang and Zhimin Guan
This study aims to regarding the application of traditional pulse frequency modulation control full-bridge LLC resonant converters in wide output voltage fields such as on-board…
Abstract
Purpose
This study aims to regarding the application of traditional pulse frequency modulation control full-bridge LLC resonant converters in wide output voltage fields such as on-board chargers, there are issues with wide frequency adjustment ranges and low conversion efficiency.
Design/methodology/approach
To address these issues, this paper proposes a fixed-frequency pulse width modulation (PWM) control strategy for a full-bridge LLC resonant converter, which adjusts the gain by adjusting the duty cycle of the switches. In the full-bridge LLC converter, the two switches of the lower bridge arm are controlled by a fixed-frequency and fixed duty cycle, with their switching frequency equal to the resonant frequency, whereas the two switches of the upper bridge arm are controlled by a fixed-frequency PWM to adjust the output voltage. The operation modes of the converter are analyzed in detail, and a mathematical model of the converter is established. The gain characteristics of the converter under the fixed-frequency PWM control strategy are deeply analyzed, and the conditions for implementing zero-voltage switching (ZVS) soft switching in the converter are also analyzed in detail. The use of fixed-frequency PWM control simplifies the design of resonant parameters, and the fixed-frequency control is conducive to the design of magnetic components.
Findings
According to the fixed-frequency PWM control strategy proposed in this paper, the correctness of the control strategy is verified through simulation and the development and testing of a 500-W experimental prototype. Test results show that the primary side switches of the converter achieve ZVS and the secondary side rectifier diodes achieve zero-current switching, effectively reducing the switching losses of the converter. In addition, the control strategy reduces the reactive circulating current of the converter, and the peak efficiency of the experimental prototype can reach 95.2%.
Originality/value
The feasibility of the fixed-frequency PWM control strategy was verified through experiments, which has significant implications for improving the efficiency of the converter and simplifying the design of resonant parameters and magnetic components in wide output voltage fields such as on-board chargers.
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Krishnaja Maturi and Susovon Samanta
The purpose of this paper is to derive the small-signal/canonical model derivation of the high-side active clamp forward converter (ACFC) with diode rectification for ideal and…
Abstract
Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to derive the small-signal/canonical model derivation of the high-side active clamp forward converter (ACFC) with diode rectification for ideal and with resistive parasitics. It also covers the analysis of ACFC small-signal model with resistive parasitics using computer-aided modeling software Personal Computer Simulation Program with Integrated Circuit Emphasis (PSPICE) 16.6. The effects of variation of system parameters on the ACFC’s state transfer functions and operations have been highlighted in this paper.
Design/methodology/approach
The large-signal model and small-signal model of the ACFC with diode rectification has been derived using AC small-signal modeling approach.
Findings
The operating point of the converter changes with the consideration of resistive parasitics compared with the ideal case. The response obtained from the hardware matches with the time domain response of the averaged model and switch model developed in PSPICE.
Research limitations/implications
This paper limits the study of ACFC small-signal behavior by using computer-aided design software PSPICE. The dead time of the converter is not considered because it is negligible when compared with the on and off time. The leakage inductance which plays a role in zero voltage switching of the ACFC switches is neglected in the analysis as it is very small compared to the magnetizing inductance. The switching losses are not considered in the modeling.
Practical implications
The mathematical computation of deriving the system transfer functions from canonical model is complex and time consuming.
Originality/value
The modeling with resistive parasitics improves the effectiveness of the equivalent model. Also, the analysis with computer-aided modeling software PSPICE gives reliable results in less time.
Details
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A DC-DC converter plays a major role in many applications such as fuel cell, hybrid electric vehicle, renewable energy system, etc. Among these converters, the bidirectional DC-DC…
Abstract
Purpose
A DC-DC converter plays a major role in many applications such as fuel cell, hybrid electric vehicle, renewable energy system, etc. Among these converters, the bidirectional DC-DC fly-back converters are more attractive because of their simple structure and easy control. However, the power devices present in this converter are subjected to high-voltage stresses due to the leakage inductor energy of the transformer. In order to recycle the leakage inductor energy and to minimise the voltage stress on the power devices, the purpose of this paper is to focus on the transformer less bidirectional DC-DC converter with high efficiency.
Design/methodology/approach
In order to reduce the switching loss, a few passive elements are added. The auxiliary circuit consists of a resonant inductor and resonant capacitors. This auxiliary circuit affords zero voltage switching function and cancels out the ripple component present in the main inductor current irrespective of the power flow direction.
Findings
In this work three topologies of bidirectional converters for BLDC motor are investigated and are compared in terms of mechanical power output and THD.
Originality/value
The paper presents enhanced versions of the converters.
Details
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Yusmarnita Yusop, Mohd. Shakir Md. Saat, Siti Huzaimah Husin, Sing Kiong Nguang and Imran Hindustan
This paper aims to present a new wireless power transfer technique using capacitive coupling. The capacitive power transfer (CPT) system has been introduced as an attractive…
Abstract
Purpose
This paper aims to present a new wireless power transfer technique using capacitive coupling. The capacitive power transfer (CPT) system has been introduced as an attractive alternative to the traditional inductive coupling method. The CPT offers benefits such as simple topology, fewer components, better electromagnetic interference (EMI) performance and robustness to surrounding metallic elements.
Design/methodology/approach
A class-E inverter together with and without inductor capacitor (LC) matching circuit has been utilised in this work because of its ability to perform the DC-to-AC inversion efficiently with significant reduction in switching losses. The validity of the proposed concept has been verified by conducting a laboratory experiment of the CPT system.
Findings
The performances for both systems are analysed and evaluated. A 9.7 W output power is generated through a combined interface [printed circuit board (PCB) plate] capacitance of 2.82 nF at an operating frequency of 1 MHz, with 97 per cent efficiency for 0.25 mm coupling gap distance.
Originality value
An efficient CPT system with class-E LC matching topology is proposed in this paper. With this topology, the zero-voltage switching can be achieved even if the load is different by properly designing the LC matching transformation circuit.
Details