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1 – 10 of over 1000Liping Zhang, Anli Tian, Chunxia Wang, Fushun Bai and Shaohai Fu
The purpose of this study is to prepare nanoscale copolymer-silicon dioxide (SiO2) dispersion for formulating textile printing white ink.
Abstract
Purpose
The purpose of this study is to prepare nanoscale copolymer-silicon dioxide (SiO2) dispersion for formulating textile printing white ink.
Design/methodology/approach
Nanoscale copolymer-SiO2 dispersion was prepared via miniemulsion polymerization. The miniemulsion formulation was optimized for preparing stable SiO2/O/W miniemulsion and nanoscale copolymer-SiO2 dispersion. The nanoscale copolymer-SiO2 was investigated by transmission electron microscope (TEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), differential thermal gravity (DTG) and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). The performance of white inks from this colorant was further investigated.
Findings
Nanoscale copolymer-SiO2 had a core-shell structure with about 45 nm encapsulated copolymer layer when it was synthesized under optimal miniemulsion formulation 60 per cent mass ratio of styrene (St) to KH570-SiO2, 5.0 per cent hexadecane to St and 2.0 per cent concentration of DNS-86. The nanoscale copolymer-SiO2 white ink had high thermal and centrifugal stability with high purity and color fastness.
Research limitations/implications
The miniemulsion polymerization conditions required a careful control before favorable results could be achieved.
Practical implications
The nanoscale copolymer-SiO2 dispersion and white ink prepared by this method showed excellent stability. This research could accelerate the textiles inkjet printing application.
Originality/value
The reactive stabilizer DNS-86 is innovatively introduced into the miniemulsion polymerization to improve the stability of the nanoscale copolymer-SiO2 dispersion. The white ink was formulated from nanoscale copolymer-SiO2 to improve the fastness of the printed fabrics.
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Dayanand Bhaurao Jadhav and Rajendra D. Kokate
Renewable energy alternatives and nanoscale materials have gained huge attention in recent years due to the problems associated with fossil fuels. The recyclable battery is one of…
Abstract
Purpose
Renewable energy alternatives and nanoscale materials have gained huge attention in recent years due to the problems associated with fossil fuels. The recyclable battery is one of the recent developments to address the energy requirement issues. In this work, the development of nanoscale materials is focused on using green synthesis methods to address the energy requirements of hybrid electric vehicles.
Design/methodology/approach
The current research focuses on developing metal oxide nanoscale materials (NANO-SMs). The Zno-Aloe vera NANO-SM is prepared using the green synthesis method. The developed nanoscale materials are characterized using analysis methods like FESEM, TEM, XRD and FTIR.
Findings
The average size of ZnO-Aloe vera mono-crystalline was recorded as 60–70 nm/Hexagonal shape. The nanoscale materials are used for the detection of LPG gases. The sensitivity observed was 48%. The response time and recovery time were recorded as 8–10 s and 230–250 s, respectively. The average size of SnO2-green papaya leaves poly-crystalline was recorded as 10–20 nm/powder form.
Originality/value
Nanoscale materials are developed using green synthesis methods for hybrid vehicle applications. The nanoscale materials are used for the detection of harmful gases in hybrid vehicles.
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Lingling Meng, Xinmin Huang, Qufu Wei, Dandan Ji and Qianwen Wang
The paper aims to evaluate the influence of atmospheric environment on the conductivity of nanoscale copper films sputtered on polyester substrates; process parameters of optimal…
Abstract
Purpose
The paper aims to evaluate the influence of atmospheric environment on the conductivity of nanoscale copper films sputtered on polyester substrates; process parameters of optimal conductivity were firstly analyzed by orthogonal test scheme design, and then the surface morphology, crystal structures and conductivity of samples were performed after samples were placed in the atmospheric conditions for some time according to the optimization of process parameters.
Design/methodology/approach
Nanoscale copper films was prepared by RF (radio frequency) magnetron sputtering and low-temperature plasma technology with polyester fabrics as substrates and metal copper as targets under the conditions of low temperature and high vacuum.
Findings
The experimental results showed that copper films were broken and the continuity of samples was destroyed after 60 days, while exposed in atmospheric environment for 90 days, cracks of copper films gradually expanded, there was no change in the atomic species for samples placed in the atmospheric conditions. However, the conductivity of the samples hardly had changed with the ambient temperature, humidity and degree of water washing, which is mainly decided by the internal structures of substrates.
Originality/value
This paper has some theoretical and applicable value to the functional textile.
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Lingyun Kong, Mehdi Ostadhassan, Ran Lin and Chunxiao Li
Evaluating mechanical properties of simply made samples by 3D printing technology at nanoscale provides a clear path to better understand larger-scale responses of complex natural…
Abstract
Purpose
Evaluating mechanical properties of simply made samples by 3D printing technology at nanoscale provides a clear path to better understand larger-scale responses of complex natural rocks. Therefore, to realize the similarity between synthetically manufactured materials and natural geomaterials, this study focused on nanoscale mechanical characterization of a 3D printed object with only two constituent components (gypsum powder and infiltrant).
Design/methodology/approach
The study method includes nanoindentation technique combined with numerical simulation via discrete element method (DEM).
Findings
Four typical load-displacement curves were identified from nanoindentation of total test points indicating a typical elastic-plastic behavior of the 3D printed gypsum rock sample. Mechanical parameters such as Young’s modulus and hardness were calculated by energy-based methods and a positive correlation was observed. The infiltrant was found to considerably be responsible for the majority of the sample nano-mechanical behavior rather than the gypsum particles, thus expected to control macroscale properties. This was decided from deconvolution and clustering of elastic modulus data. Particle flow modeling in DEM was used to simulate the nanoindentation process in a porous media yielding rock-alike mechanical behavior.
Originality/value
The results show a matching load-displacement response between experimental and simulation results, which verified the credibility of simulation modeling for mechanical behavior of 3D printed gypsum rock at nanoscale. Finally, differential effective medium theory was used to upscale the nanoindentation results to the macroscale mechanical properties, which provided an insight into the geomechanical modeling at multiscale.
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On the background of previous research work concerning a nanoscale approach to a theory of biomimetic evolutionary systems and biomimetic information processing it is shown that…
Abstract
On the background of previous research work concerning a nanoscale approach to a theory of biomimetic evolutionary systems and biomimetic information processing it is shown that strictly formal‐logic based, “hard‐wired” electronic hardware misses the very physical nature of bioevolvability. A new, physics‐base concept of information, and a new concept of hierarchical, open and dissipative “evolware”, much like biosystems “wetware”, are required for developing an actually biomimetic “evolutionary automata” technology, but a basic inter‐ and intra‐level communication problem is shown to affect the whole automaton's nanostructure. The problem consists in the difficulty of setting forth causal links bridging the whole hierarchy, from the nanoscale up to the macroscopic structure‐functions.
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Xinmin Huang, Lingling Meng, Qufu Wei, Qianwen Wang and He Zhang
The purpose of this paper is to discuss polyester fabric structures in terms of the surface morphology, crystal structure of copper films and interfacial bonding properties…
Abstract
Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to discuss polyester fabric structures in terms of the surface morphology, crystal structure of copper films and interfacial bonding properties between polyester fabrics and copper films.
Design/methodology/approach
Nanoscale copper (Cu) thin films were deposited onto the surface of polyester fabrics with different structures by the radio frequency magnetron sputtering technique at room temperature.
Findings
Copper films uniformly deposited on the surface of the polyester nonwovens and nanofiber membranes have larger average particle diameters and surface roughness, and higher crystallinity.
Originality/value
Theoretical value: the effects of polyester substrate structures on the morphology and interfacial bonding properties of Cu thin films have rarely been reported.
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Novel nanomaterials and nano-devices require further functional aspects that can be designed and supported using new nanomanipulation techniques allowing specific functions at the…
Abstract
Purpose
Novel nanomaterials and nano-devices require further functional aspects that can be designed and supported using new nanomanipulation techniques allowing specific functions at the design phase. The nano-manipulator becomes a key instrument for technology bridging sub-nano to mesoscale. The integration of various operations in nano-devices requires sub-nanometer precision and highly stable manipulator. This paper aims to review various design concepts of recent nanomanipulators, their motion characteristics, basic functions, imagine and automation with control techniques for the sake of establishing new design features based on recent requirements.
Design/methodology/approach
The paper reviews various existing nanomanipulators, their motion characteristics, basic functions, imagine and automation with control techniques. This will support precision machine design methodology and robotics principles.
Findings
The availability of a nano-precision instrument with integrated functions has proved to be extremely helpful in addressing various fundamental problems in science and engineering such as exploring, understanding, modeling and testing nano-machining process; exact construction of nano-structure arrays; and inspection of devices with complex features.
Originality/value
New functional specifications have emerged from this review to support the design and make of new advanced nanomanipulators with more features availability to support manipulation within the same reference datum needed for research and education.
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This paper aims to provide an overview of the strategies and techniques being used and developed for the fabrication of nanoscale devices.
Abstract
Purpose
This paper aims to provide an overview of the strategies and techniques being used and developed for the fabrication of nanoscale devices.
Design/methodology/approach
This paper discusses various nanofabrication technologies and strategies and highlights their merits and limitations. It concludes with a consideration of longer‐term possibilities.
Findings
It is shown that top‐down nanofabrication frequently uses lithographic and other techniques derived from the microtechnology industry but recent research appears to have identified a limit to its capabilities. Bottom‐up nanofabrication is less well‐developed but techniques such as molecular mechanosynthesis may offer unique capabilities in the longer‐term.
Originality/value
The paper provides a timely review of the rapidly developing field of nanofabrication technology.
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Yijun Teh, Asral Bahari Jambek and Uda Hashim
This paper aims to discuss a nanoscale biosensor and its signal analysis algorithms.
Abstract
Purpose
This paper aims to discuss a nanoscale biosensor and its signal analysis algorithms.
Design/methodology/approach
In this work, five nanoscale biosensors are reviewed, namely, silicon nanowire field-effect-transistor biosensors, polysilicon nanogap capacitive biosensors, nanotube amperometric biosensors, gold nanoparticle-based electrochemical biosensors and quantum dot-based electrochemical biosensors.
Findings
Each biosensor produces a different output signal depending on its electrical characteristics. Five signal analysers are studied, with most of the existing signal analyser analyses based on the amplitude of the signal. Based on the analysis, auto-threshold peak detection is proposed for further work.
Originality/value
Suitability of the signal processing algorithm to be applied to nano-biosensors was reported.
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Xinmin Huang, Lingling Meng, Qufu Wei and Linyu Wang
Nanoscale copper (Cu) films were deposited onto the surface of polyester fabrics with different structures using radio frequency magnetron sputter coating system at room…
Abstract
Purpose
Nanoscale copper (Cu) films were deposited onto the surface of polyester fabrics with different structures using radio frequency magnetron sputter coating system at room temperature. The paper aims to discuss these issues.
Design/methodology/approach
Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM) were used to observe the surface morphology of substrates and the structures of the deposited copper particles, respectively. The capillary flow pore instrument was used to measure pore sizes distribution of polyester substrates.
Findings
The experimental results revealed that the fabric structures had a more significant role on the conductivity and electromagnetic shielding effectiveness of samples. The porosity had more apparent effect on ultraviolet transmittance of samples.
Originality/value
The results have some theory values on the development of functional textiles.
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