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The tribological behavior of composites varies on matrices materials, the reinforcement material and the direction of reinforcement materials. The purpose of this study is to examine the effects of fiber orientation on the tribological properties of carbon fiber–reinforced epoxy composite.

The experiments were carried out with a pin-on-ring tribometer. The tests were executed according to three different parameters: load, sliding velocity and direction of reinforcement. Loads measuring 92 N and 150 N were applied at sliding velocities of 1 and 2 m/s, in parallel, antiparallel and normal directions of fiber reinforcements. The frictional force was read every 500 m of sliding distance. To calculate specific wear rate, the mass of the samples was measured before and after each experiment. Moreover, temperature was measured every 1000 m of sliding distance via three-point infrared thermometer, to examine the effect of temperature variations. The sample surfaces were also examined in optic microscope after the experiments. Higher friction coefficient values were obtained in the normal direction-oriented carbon fiber specimen.

Comparing the friction coefficient values, antiparallel and parallel direction-oriented carbon fiber specimens gave lower friction coefficient values. The increase of sliding velocity and normal load resulted in the increase of surface temperature and this lead to the increase of friction coefficient.

This study shows the effects of fiber orientation on the tribological behavior of carbon fiber–reinforced epoxy composite. According to fiber orientations, relatively moving counter surfaces of this material shows different tribological behaviors.

Management writings in the Middle East region are scarce and scattered. This is due to the lack of doctorate programmes offered by educational institutions, the weak links between academia and the business world, limited formal and informal networks, the lack of status given to the field of management by national bodies and the lack of a publication culture. A bibliography of management‐related writings in the Middle East is presented, which includes other functional areas such as marketing, finance and accounting. It aims to draw the students' attention to a variety of sources. In compiling the bibliography a review of the literature in Arabic, English and Turkish was undertaken, followed by a survey of the top officials of academic institutions offering management/commerce, business administration degree programmes in the region.

Initial value problems for the one‐dimensional third‐order dispersion equations are investigated using the reliable Adomian decomposition method (ADM).

The solutions are obtained in the form of rapidly convergent power series with elegantly computable terms.

It was found that the technique is reliable, powerful and promising. It is easier to implement than the separation of variables method. Modifications of the ADM and the noise terms phenomenon are successfully applied for speeding up the convergence of non‐homogeneous equations.

The method is restricted to initial value problems in which the space variable fills the whole real axis. Modifications are required to deal with initial boundary value problems. Further, the input initial condition is required to be an infinitely differentiable function and obviously, the convergence radius of the decomposition series depends on the input data.

The method was mainly illustrated for linear partial differential equations occuring in water resources research, but the natural extension of the ADM to solving nonlinear problems is extremely useful in nonlinear studies and soliton theory.

The study undertaken in this paper provides a reliable approach for solving both linear and nonlinear dispersion equations and new explicit or recursively‐based exact solutions are found.

This chapter presents findings of an ongoing project on the social construction of ethnic identity among young Kurdish immigrants living in Turkey. The chapter begins with information on Kurdish culture. The second part overviews the difficult relations between the Turkish state and Kurds since establishment of the Republic in 1923. The third section describes the education system in the country and in Istanbul specifically. Historical ties between the Istanbul and Kurdish culture are also mentioned. The chapter closes with research that focuses on problems of Kurdish educational experiences in Turkey and preservation of their cultural identity in Istanbul. The study shows that on the one hand public education is perceived by the Kurds in Turkey as a discriminatory entity but on the other hand nonpublic educational opportunities in Istanbul help Kurdish migrants preserve and practice their cultural identity.

The purpose of this paper is to use the polynomial differential quadrature method (PDQM) to find the numerical solutions of some Burgers'‐type nonlinear partial differential equations.

The PDQM changed the nonlinear partial differential equations into a system of nonlinear ordinary differential equations (ODEs). The obtained system of ODEs is solved by Runge‐Kutta fourth order method.

Numerical results for the nonlinear evolution equations such as 1D Burgers', coupled Burgers', 2D Burgers' and system of 2D Burgers' equations are obtained by applying PDQM. The numerical results are found to be in good agreement with the exact solutions.

A comparison is made with those which are already available in the literature and the present numerical schemes are found give better solutions. The strong point of these schemes is that they are easy to apply, even in two‐dimensional nonlinear problems.

This chapter provides a survey of alternative methodologies for measuring and comparing productivity and efficiency of airlines, and reviews representative empirical studies. The survey shows the apparent shift from index procedures and traditional OLS estimation of production and cost functions to stochastic frontier methods and Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) methods over the past three decades. Most of the airline productivity and efficiency studies over the last decade adopt some variant of DEA methods. Researchers in the 1980s and 1990s were mostly interested in the effects of deregulation and liberalization on airline productivity and efficiency as well as the effects of ownership and governance structure. Since the 2000s, however, studies tend to focus on how business models and management strategies affect the performance of airlines. Environmental efficiency now becomes an important area of airline productivity and efficiency studies, focusing on CO₂ emission as a negative or undesirable output. Despite the fact that quality of service is an important aspect of airline business, limited attempts have been made to incorporate quality of service in productivity and efficiency analysis.

The purpose of this paper is to develop two meshfree algorithms based on multiquadric radial basis functions (RBFs) and differential quadrature (DQ) technique for numerical simulation and to capture the shocks behavior of Burgers’ type problems.

The algorithms convert the problems into a system of ordinary differential equations which are solved by the Runge–Kutta method.

Two meshfree algorithms are developed and their stability is discussed. Numerical experiment is done to check the efficiency of the algorithms, and some shock behaviors of the problems are presented. The proposed algorithms are found to be accurate, simple and fast.

The present algorithms LRBF-DQM and GRBF-DQM are based on radial basis functions, which are new for Burgers’ type problems. It is concluded from the numerical experiments that LRBF-DQM is better than GRBF-DQM. The algorithms give better results than available literature.

The purpose of this article is to describe a collaborative project organised by Bilkent University Library, Turkey, to produce a series of instructional videos that are both informative and entertaining and also serve to market the library.

The paper will outline the theoretical basis for the use of videos for library instruction, especially with reference to the habits and preferences of so‐called Generation Y students and to the potential value of video for facilitating memory and learning.

The use of humorous and interesting content, in a dramatised style, were found to improve Generation Y students' learning and enjoyment of instructional videos.

The development of the project demonstrates the practical and marketing benefits of collaboration by academic librarians with students and faculty. However, it proved more difficult to evaluate the efficiency of the final product in terms of influencing the attitude of students toward the library and library resources and thereby changing their behaviour when studying.

The authors recommend that such library videos should definitely form part of an academic library's information literacy programme, but should not constitute the sole element.