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Article
Publication date: 8 May 2018

Franciszek Dul

The purpose of this paper is to analyze the active suppression of the nonlinear aeroelastic vibrations of ailerons caused by freeplay by robust H and linear quadratic Gauss (LQG…

Abstract

Purpose

The purpose of this paper is to analyze the active suppression of the nonlinear aeroelastic vibrations of ailerons caused by freeplay by robust H and linear quadratic Gauss (LQG) methods of control in case of incomplete measurements of the state of the system.

Design/methodology/approach

The flexible wing with nonlinear aileron with freeplay is treated as a plant-controller system with H and LQG controllers used to suppress the aeroelastic vibrations. The simulation approach was used for analyzing the impact of completeness of measurements on the efficiency and robustness of the controllers.

Findings

The analysis shows that the H method can be effectively used for suppression of nonlinear aeroelastic vibrations of aileron, although its efficiency depends essentially on completeness and types of measurements. The LQG method is less effective, but it is also able to prevent aileron vibrations by reducing their amplitudes to acceptable, safe level.

Research limitations/implications

Only numerical analysis was carried out for the problem described; thus, the proposed solution is of theoretical value at this stage of analysis, and its application to the real suppression of aeroelastic vibrations requires further research.

Practical implications

The work presents a potentially useful solution to the problem of interest and results are a theoretical basis for further research.

Social implications

This work may lead to a hot debate on the advantages and drawbacks of the active suppression of vibrations in the aeroelasticians community.

Originality/value

The work raises the important questions of practical stabilizability of the nonlinear aeroelastic systems, their dependence on completeness and types of measurements and robustness of the controllers.

Details

Aircraft Engineering and Aerospace Technology, vol. 90 no. 4
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 1748-8842

Keywords

Article
Publication date: 11 February 2021

Yongxing Guo, Min Chen, Li Xiong, Xinglin Zhou and Cong Li

The purpose of this study is to present the state of the art for fiber Bragg grating (FBG) acceleration sensing technologies from two aspects: the principle of the measurement

Abstract

Purpose

The purpose of this study is to present the state of the art for fiber Bragg grating (FBG) acceleration sensing technologies from two aspects: the principle of the measurement dimension and the principle of the sensing configuration. Some commercial sensors have also been introduced and future work in this field has also been discussed. This paper could provide an important reference for the research community.

Design/methodology/approach

This review is to present the state of the art for FBG acceleration sensing technologies from two aspects: the principle of the measurement dimension (one-dimension and multi-dimension) and the principle of the sensing configuration (beam type, radial vibration type, axial vibration type and other composite structures).

Findings

The current research on developing FBG acceleration sensors is mainly focused on the sensing method, the construction and design of the elastic structure and the design of a new information detection method. This paper hypothesizes that in the future, the following research trends will be strengthened: common single-mode fiber grating of the low cost and high utilization rate; high sensitivity and strength special fiber grating; multi-core fiber grating for measuring single-parameter multi-dimensional information or multi-parameter information; demodulating equipment of low cost, small volume and high sampling frequency.

Originality/value

The principle of the measurement dimension and principle of the sensing configuration for FBG acceleration sensors have been introduced, which could provide an important reference for the research community.

Details

Sensor Review, vol. 41 no. 1
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0260-2288

Keywords

Article
Publication date: 1 December 2017

Shaoyi Xu, Fangfang Xing, Ruilin Wang, Wei Li, Yuqiao Wang and Xianghui Wang

At present, one of the key equipment in pillar industries is a large rotating machinery. Conducting regular health monitoring is important for ensuring safe operation of the large…

840

Abstract

Purpose

At present, one of the key equipment in pillar industries is a large rotating machinery. Conducting regular health monitoring is important for ensuring safe operation of the large rotating machinery. Because vibrations sensors play an important role in the workings of the rotating machinery, measuring its vibration signal is an important task in health monitoring. This paper aims to present these.

Design/methodology/approach

In this work, the contact vibration sensor and the non-contact vibration sensor have been discussed. These sensors consist of two types: the electric vibration sensor and the optical fiber vibration sensor. Their applications in the large rotating machinery for the purpose of health monitoring are summarized, and their advantages and disadvantages are also presented.

Findings

Compared with the electric vibration sensor, the optical fiber vibration sensor of large rotating machinery has unique advantages in health monitoring, such as provision of immunity against electromagnetic interference, requirement of less insulation and provision of long-distance signal transmission.

Originality/value

Both contact vibration sensor and non-contact vibration sensor have been discussed. Among them, the electric vibration sensor and the optical fiber vibration sensor are compared. Future research direction of the vibration sensors is presented.

Details

Sensor Review, vol. 38 no. 1
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0260-2288

Keywords

Article
Publication date: 6 February 2020

Ramakrishna Shinagam, Guntaka Ajay, Lokanadham Patta and Anand Siva Gandam

Wind power is the one of best natural resources to meet the demands of electricity in India. In this regard, one of engineering college in Visakhapatnam has procured wind turbine…

Abstract

Purpose

Wind power is the one of best natural resources to meet the demands of electricity in India. In this regard, one of engineering college in Visakhapatnam has procured wind turbine generators of 200 kWp and got these installed on the rooftop of the college buildings for research and power generation. After starting the mills, huge vibrations were experienced by the staff and students in the laboratories and classrooms. So, the purpose of this paper is to carry out vibration and noise studies on wind turbine generator to identify the problem for high vibrations and suggest a novel method for vibration reduction.

Design/methodology/approach

Experimental vibration and natural frequency investigations are carried when wind velocity around 6.0 m/s using frequency analyzer, impact hammer, condenser microphone and accelerometer. An attempt is made to reduce the vibration and noise level of wind turbine generator by inserting a steel coil spring of 300 mm length having 20 turns in series with turnbuckle D shackle assembly, which is used to connect the wind turbine generator to the hook mounted on slab.

Findings

A high vibration velocity of 9.9 mm/s was observed on at base frame of wind turbine generator. The natural frequencies of hook and slab are observed in between 15 to 20 Hz from the natural frequency test. A high noise of 94.67 dBA is observed at a distance of 1 m from the base of wind turbine generator along the rotational axis of rotor. After modification to the baseline, WTG the vibration and noise levels are reduced to 4.8 mm/sec and 77.76 dBA, respectively.

Originality/value

This is the first time to study the huge vibrations generated in wind turbine generators installed on the rooftop of the college. Developed a novel methodology to reduce the vibrations by inserting a steel coil springs in turnbuckle D shackle assembly of wind turbine generators. After modification, wind turbine generator are running successfully without any high vibrations.

Article
Publication date: 13 June 2019

Wei Xia, Lingwen Kong, Jiahuan Zhang, Hui Hao, Yiping Wang, Xiaoqi Ni, Ming Wang and Dongmei Guo

The purpose of this study aims to modify a self-mixing laser mouse as an extremely cost-effective displacement sensor to measure the mechanical oscillation of a commercial shaker…

Abstract

Purpose

The purpose of this study aims to modify a self-mixing laser mouse as an extremely cost-effective displacement sensor to measure the mechanical oscillation of a commercial shaker and a nano-positioning stage.

Design/methodology/approach

This kind of laser mouse, mostly consisting of a pair of vertical cavity surface emitting lasers, two photodiodes and an integrated signal processing unit, is capable of directly giving the x-axis and y-axis components of the measured vibrating displacement. Based on the laser self-mixing interference, the velocity of the object is coded into the Doppler frequency shift of the feedback light, which allows accurate determination of the vibration of the object.

Findings

A commercial shaker has been used to provide standard harmonic oscillation to test the displacement sensor. Within a vibrating frequency range of 110 Hz, the experimental results show that the micrometer scale resolution has been achieved at the velocity of up to 2 m/s, which is much improved compared with the image-based optical mouse. Furthermore, the measurements of the two dimensional displacement of a nano-positioning stage are performed as well. The minimum measurable velocity limit for this sensor has been discussed in detail, and the relative measurement error can be greatly reduced by appropriate selection of the modulation frequency of the triangular injection current.

Originality/value

These results demonstrate the feasibility of this device for the industrial vibration sensing applications.

Details

Sensor Review, vol. 39 no. 4
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0260-2288

Keywords

Article
Publication date: 26 November 2021

Matthias Humer and Stefan Habel

Due to the installation of the new, more powerful gearbox and the dismantling of the exciter machine, the vibration characteristics of the shaft train will be changed. Therefore…

Abstract

Purpose

Due to the installation of the new, more powerful gearbox and the dismantling of the exciter machine, the vibration characteristics of the shaft train will be changed. Therefore, it is necessary to reassess the shaft train. It is to be investigated if the shaft train of the compressor meets the general requirements for bending and torsional vibrations and can be safely operated within the electrical network. The purpose of this paper is to show the necessary alignment of modification, calculation and measurement in such a project..

Design/methodology/approach

After some modification work on the shaft train of an air compressor, it was necessary to do some engineering calculations regarding the bending natural and torsional natural frequencies and their mode shapes. The correctness of the calculated values was proven by vibration measurements performed at the shaft train in operation.

Findings

It can be concluded that the change and replacement of rotating equipment in a shaft train never should be done without any engineering calculations in advance and measurements after the component modification. Most important is that the calculation results have to be compared with the measurement results for verifying the calculation assumptions. In the case described above, one can see that theory and practice match well. In addition to this, the very low damping of torsional vibrations is proved again, which can be a significant problem in some situations.

Originality/value

Also, today one can find torsional vibration measurements of rotating machines, including frequency, magnitude and damping factor, very seldom. Especially for smaller machines, there are no real comparisons between calculation and measurement are usual. This paper shows that an alignment between theoretical and practical approaches is necessary to avoid operational problems for rotating machines.

Details

COMPEL - The international journal for computation and mathematics in electrical and electronic engineering , vol. 41 no. 5
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0332-1649

Keywords

Article
Publication date: 23 November 2022

Chetan Jalendra, B.K. Rout and Amol Marathe

Industrial robots are extensively used in the robotic assembly of rigid objects, whereas the assembly of flexible objects using the same robot becomes cumbersome and challenging…

Abstract

Purpose

Industrial robots are extensively used in the robotic assembly of rigid objects, whereas the assembly of flexible objects using the same robot becomes cumbersome and challenging due to transient disturbance. The transient disturbance causes vibration in the flexible object during robotic manipulation and assembly. This is an important problem as the quick suppression of undesired vibrations reduces the cycle time and increases the efficiency of the assembly process. Thus, this study aims to propose a contactless robot vision-based real-time active vibration suppression approach to handle such a scenario.

Design/methodology/approach

A robot-assisted camera calibration method is developed to determine the extrinsic camera parameters with respect to the robot position. Thereafter, an innovative robot vision method is proposed to identify a flexible beam grasped by the robot gripper using a virtual marker and obtain the dimension, tip deflection as well as velocity of the same. To model the dynamic behaviour of the flexible beam, finite element method (FEM) is used. The measured dimensions, tip deflection and velocity of a flexible beam are fed to the FEM model to predict the maximum deflection. The difference between the maximum deflection and static deflection of the beam is used to compute the maximum error. Subsequently, the maximum error is used in the proposed predictive maximum error-based second-stage controller to send the control signal for vibration suppression. The control signal in form of trajectory is communicated to the industrial robot controller that accommodates various types of delays present in the system.

Findings

The effectiveness and robustness of the proposed controller have been validated using simulation and experimental implementation on an Asea Brown Boveri make IRB 1410 industrial robot with a standard low frame rate camera sensor. In this experiment, two metallic flexible beams of different dimensions with the same material properties have been considered. The robot vision method measures the dimension within an acceptable error limit i.e. ±3%. The controller can suppress vibration amplitude up to approximately 97% in an average time of 4.2 s and reduces the stability time up to approximately 93% while comparing with control and without control suppression time. The vibration suppression performance is also compared with the results of classical control method and some recent results available in literature.

Originality/value

The important contributions of the current work are the following: an innovative robot-assisted camera calibration method is proposed to determine the extrinsic camera parameters that eliminate the need for any reference such as a checkerboard, robotic assembly, vibration suppression, second-stage controller, camera calibration, flexible beam and robot vision; an approach for robot vision method is developed to identify the object using a virtual marker and measure its dimension grasped by the robot gripper accommodating perspective view; the developed robot vision-based controller works along with FEM model of the flexible beam to predict the tip position and helps in handling different dimensions and material types; an approach has been proposed to handle different types of delays that are part of implementation for effective suppression of vibration; proposed method uses a low frame rate and low-cost camera for the second-stage controller and the controller does not interfere with the internal controller of the industrial robot.

Details

Industrial Robot: the international journal of robotics research and application, vol. 50 no. 3
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0143-991X

Keywords

Article
Publication date: 6 February 2023

Bin Chen, Binsheng Xi, Nina Wan, Shuaibing Wang and Bo Tang

Because the nanocrystalline core is widely used in power electronic equipment, and the excitation waveform of its working mode is complex, the vibration at medium and high…

75

Abstract

Purpose

Because the nanocrystalline core is widely used in power electronic equipment, and the excitation waveform of its working mode is complex, the vibration at medium and high frequencies cannot be ignored. Therefore, this study aims to study the vibration mechanism of nanocrystalline strip and the vibration characteristics of nanocrystalline magnetic ring under different excitation waveforms.

Design/methodology/approach

First, the electromagnetic vibration mechanism between nanocrystalline strips is analyzed by finite element analysis, and the force of the magnetic ring with and without air gap is compared and analyzed. Then, the vibration of nanocrystalline magnetic ring under different excitation waveforms such as sine wave, triangular wave, symmetric rectangular wave and asymmetric rectangular wave is analyzed by experimental method. The acceleration time domain waveform measured by the experiment is analyzed by fast Fourier transform, and the vibration is analyzed according to the spectrum.

Findings

Because of the increase of magnetic flux leakage, the volume force density and the Maxwell force on the surface of the nanocrystalline magnetic ring will increase after the air gap is opened, resulting in the intensification of vibration. Under symmetric/asymmetric rectangular wave excitation, the vibration acceleration varies with the duty cycle. Due to the influence of harmonic excitation, the relationship between the main frequency of vibration and the excitation frequency is not two times, and its multiple decreases with the increase of excitation frequency.

Originality/value

The research and analysis of this paper can promote the application of new magnetic materials in electrical equipment in small and medium-sized and medium- to high-frequency fields.

Details

COMPEL - The international journal for computation and mathematics in electrical and electronic engineering , vol. 42 no. 3
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0332-1649

Keywords

Article
Publication date: 1 September 2001

Basim Al‐Najjar and Wenbin Wang

Rolling element bearing failures in paper mill machines are considered in relation to their critical role in the machine function. The use of expensive, sophisticated and highly…

1069

Abstract

Rolling element bearing failures in paper mill machines are considered in relation to their critical role in the machine function. The use of expensive, sophisticated and highly automated equipment and machines and the intention to achieve higher quality products, longer machine life, higher machinery effectiveness and safer operating processes were the main driving force motivating efforts to improve the maintenance concept during the last 50 years. In this paper, a conceptual model that integrates the available condition information, the deterministic models used in condition monitoring based upon mechanical theory and the probabilistic models used in the area of operational research is developed and its applicability is discussed. This model covers fault detection of a mechanical component such as a rolling element bearing, prediction of its vibration level in the near future, assessment of the probability of failure of a component over a finite period of time of interest.

Details

Journal of Quality in Maintenance Engineering, vol. 7 no. 3
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 1355-2511

Keywords

Article
Publication date: 1 June 2003

B.O. Al‐Bedoor, L. Ghouti, S.A. Adewusi, Y. Al‐Nassar and M. Abdlsamad

This paper presents experiment results that examine the validity of extracting blade vibration signature from the shaft torsional vibration signals. A special test rig was…

1160

Abstract

This paper presents experiment results that examine the validity of extracting blade vibration signature from the shaft torsional vibration signals. A special test rig was designed and manufactured for this objective. A set of strain gages were bonded to the shaft and to the blades to measure the shaft twisting and blade bending deformations respectively. A controlled frequency exciter excited the blade vibration. The shaft torsional and blade bending vibration signals were simultaneously recorded and presented in the time and frequency domains. The blade bending vibration frequencies appeared dominantly in the shaft torsional vibration signals for all blade vibration frequencies up to 100Hz. For frequencies higher than 100Hz, less sensitivity of the torsional vibration to blade vibration was observed.

Details

Journal of Quality in Maintenance Engineering, vol. 9 no. 2
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 1355-2511

Keywords

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