Search results

The purpose of this study is to identify components of contributing conditions to strengthen leadership and management capacity in the health system.

A systematic search was undertaken in databases including PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science and local resources of Scientific Information Database and Magiran in January 2020. Two independent researchers checked the research process, screening of articles and quality assessment. The quality of the studies was assessed by JBI critical appraisal tools for qualitative studies. The components of the dimensions of health system management and leadership capacity were categorized according to the WHO conceptual framework using a content analysis approach.

A total of 17 articles were included in this study. In total, 16 categories of components include human resource information system (n = 5); criteria, plans and procedures for selection and appointment (n = 5); development of education system (n = 11); skills (n = 39); knowledge (n = 8); attitudes (n = 6); behaviors (n = 10); resource and critical management system (n = 7); performance and processes management (n = 3); operational planning for critical systems (n = 4); establish control systems (n = 2); inputs and outputs of organizations (n = 2); accountability and responsibility to customers and stakeholders (n = 4); legal authority and requirements to play the role of managers (n = 9); external and internal environment management (n = 7); establish a system of appreciation and encouragement (n = 6). Each of these categories also contains subcategories.

Identifying prerequisite conditions are necessary for building leadership and management capacity in health systems. Therefore, extracted components provide a simple but coherent framework that can be adapted or modified for use in local situations. The components have a variety of uses, including mapping current activities, needs assessment, planning leadership and management development strategies and monitoring and evaluation.

Due to the rapid increase in environmental degradation and depletion of natural resources, there has been a recent shift in global focus from economic concerns to environmental ones. The purpose of this research is to examine the relevant literature on the use of blockchain technology to promote environmental sustainability through customer integration.

The proposed framework is based on the theoretical lens of systems theory (ST) and knowledge-based view (KBV) theory, and is developed by conducting a systematic literature review of 51 articles, (16) from 2022, (17) from 2021, (10) 2020, (5) 2019, (2) 2018 and (1) from 2017 on blockchain technology (BCT), environmental supply chain performance (ESCP) and customer integration.

Three main propositions are formulated and demonstrated using the developed framework, which shows that BCT has the potential to revolutionize the supply chain from an environmental sustainability perspective through facilitating waste management, reduction of energy consumption and reduction of carbon emissions/pollution. The technology will not only enhance the environmental sustainability but also facilitate customer integration through resolving transparency issues, protecting data/enhancing security, database decentralization, promoting trust and immutability.

The effects of blockchain on supply chain performance has been studied in the past; however, no studies were found which shed light on how BCT can affect ESCP through the mediation of customer integration.

Since the election of June 2009, the Islamic Republic of Iran has witnessed a huge crisis with the outburst of street protests and demonstrations, challenging its validity. Indeed, it has been so intense that it has shaken the whole Islamic Republic for the first time since the 1979 Iranian revolution. What has happened since the disputed election was an upheaval few had anticipated, an opening of Pandora's box, with millions daring to question the, Velayate Fagih, the most important constituent of the Islamic Republic. This postelection period has created a “revolutionary”’ potential that has so far been met with repressive force and violence on the part of the ruling elites leaving no leverage for compromise. Of course, in the 30 years since the revolution, the Islamic Republic's power structures have faced factionalism. These recent developments demonstrate how deeply rooted run the contradictions and differences between the various groups. This upheaval has thrown all sorts of questions into the air: could Iran remain as a Republic? Or would Iran turn into a God's Kingdom, ever more dictatorial in its approach? Or would the splits within the ruling elites continue to crack the fabric of the regime? Will there be a similar schism to that which took place during the Constitutional Revolution in the early 20th century when a leading member of the clergy, Noori, was finally hanged in July 1909 for being openly against reform? Finally, what is the possibility of change beyond the Islamic Republic in Iran?

There are many types of the ADCs implemented in the mobile and wireless devices. Most of these devices are battery operated and operational at low input voltage. SAR ADC is popular for its low power operations and simple architecture. Scientists are still working to make its working faster under the same low power area. There are many SAR-ADC implemented in the past two decades, but still, there is a big room for dual SAR-ADC.

The authors are presenting a dual SAR-ADC with a smaller number of components and blocks. The proposed ultra-low-power circuit of the SAR-ADC consists of four major blocks, which include Bee-bootstrap, Spider-Latch dual comparator, dual SAR-logic and dual digital to analog converter. The authors have used the 90-nm CMOS library for the construction of the design.

The power breaks down of the comparator are dramatically improved from 0.006 to 0.003 uW. The ultimate design has 5 MHz operating frequency with 25 KS/s sampling frequency. The supply voltage is 1.2 V with 35.724 uW power consumption. Signal-to-noise and distortion ratio and spurious-free dynamic range are 65 and 84 dB, respectively. The Walden's figure of merits calculated 7.08 fj/step.

The authors are proposing two-in-one circuit for SAR-ADC named as “dual SAR-ADC”, which obeys the basic equation of duality, derived and proved under the heading of proposed solution. It shows a clear difference between the performance of two circuit-based ADC and one dual circuit ADC. The number of components is reduced by sharing the work load of some key components.

This study aims to develop and test a framework for integration between data envelopment analysis (DEA) and artificial neural networks (ANN) to predict the best financial performance concerning return on assets and return on equity for banks listed on the Egyptian Exchange, to help managers generate what-if scenarios? For performance improvement and benchmarking.

The study empirically tested the three-stage DEA-ANN framework. First, DEA was used as a preprocessor of the banks’ efficiency scores. Second, a back-propagation neural network as a multi-layer perceptron-ANN’s model was designed using expected data sets from DEA to learn optimal performance patterns. Third, the superior performance of banks was forecasted.

The results indicated that banks are not operating under their most productive operations, and there is room for potential improvements to reach outperformance. Moreover, the neural networks’ empirical test results showed high correlations between the actual and expected values, with low prediction errors in both the test and prediction phases.

Based on best performance prediction, banks can generate alternative scenarios for future performance improvement and enabling managers to develop effective strategies for performance control under uncertainty and limited data. Besides, supporting the decision-making process and proactive management of performance.

Despite the growing research stream supporting DEA-ANN integration applications, these are still limited and scarce, especially in the Middle East and North Africa region. Therefore, the study trying to fill this gap to help bank managers predict the best financial performance.

Iranian history, with roots in the oldest civilizations in western Asia, has provided significant heritage, both tangible and intangible, allowing the country to be considered as a major cultural tourism destination for both nationals and foreigners. The focus on Iranian history and heritage aims to confirm the country’s potential for attracting international tourists, while a negative image prevails abroad of a radical theocratic regime with a hostile internal political environment, alongside the instable geopolitical situation of the region. However, the changing political situation, now more secure and safe, allows an attempt to remove these prejudices, which may be achieved through the promotion of heritage and cultural tourism.

This paper aims to investigate the flow and heat transfer characteristics of a hybrid nanofluid (Cu-Al₂O₃/water) in the presence of magnetohydrodynamics and thermal radiation over a permeable moving surface.

By choosing appropriate similarity variables, the partial differential equations are transformed into a system of linear equations which are solved by using the boundary value problem solver (bvp4c) in MATLAB. The implementation of stability analysis verifies the achievable result of the first solution which is considered stable while the second solution is unstable.

The findings revealed that the presence of a magnetic field and suction slows down the fluid motion because of the synchronism of the magnetic and electric field occurred from the formation of the Lorentz force. Also, the enhancement of the thermal radiation parameter escalates the heat transfer rate of the current study.

The present study is addressing the problem of MHD flow and heat transfer analysis of a hybrid nanofluid towards a permeable moving surface, with the consideration of the thermal radiation effect. The authors show that in both cases of assisting and opposing flow, there exist dual solutions within a specific range of the moving parameters. A stability analysis approved that only one of the solutions are physically relevant.