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Different percentages of calcium and lithium stearate greases were prepared using dimethyldi‐2‐ethyl‐1‐hexoxysilane and dimethyldi‐1‐dodecoxysilane as base oils by open kettle process and then were characterised. The performance of different greases has been studied by determining their apparent viscosity, consistency, dropping point, oxidation stability, anti‐wear characteristics and moisture resistance. These properties are compared with those of tetra‐2‐ethyl‐1‐hexoxysilane and polydimethylsiloxane greases. Lithium stearate thickened greases exhibit better lubrication and heat resistance properties than those of calcium stearate and can be used for extreme temperature conditions in the range between –70°C and +220°C for automotive ball joints, aircrafts, antifriction, ball bearings etc.

The purpose of this paper is to study the electrochemical, mechanical and thermal characteristics of polyester – epoxy coating systems using electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS), pull-off test and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). These are very important properties to evaluate the performance of a coating system. Proper measurement and analysis techniques are needed for a proper evaluation of these properties to ensure the coating performance.

Different ratios of polyester and epoxy resins have been blended to formulate good anticorrosive, mechanically strong and thermally stable binder coating system. EIS, pull-off test and DSC were used to evaluate these properties.

The sample containing 90 wt.% polyester exhibited the best corrosion resistance from the beginning until the end of exposure time. The value of corrosion resistance (R_c) obtained on the 30th day of exposure was found to be 2.89 × 108 ohm cm⁻². The glass transition temperature (T_g) was found to be increasing with the incorporation of epoxy to the binder system. The result from pull-off test showed the best adhesion with the sample containing 90 wt.% polyester which also has the lowest T_g promoted better adhesion properties.

The curing time must be reduced for practical applications.

Hybrid coatings systems have been formulated. This paper discusses on the highest coating resistance obtained polymer-substrate mechanical properties and thermal characteristic of the polyester/epoxy binder resin using DSC.

The purpose of this paper is to investigate the friction and wear performance of pure polycarbonate (PC) and 5-30 per cent wollastonite-filled (by weight) PC were comparatively evaluated under dry sliding conditions. Wear tests were carried out at room temperature under the loads of 5-20 N and at the sliding speeds of 0.5-1.5 m/s.

The microstructures of the wollastonite, pure PC and composites were examined by optical microscopy, scanning electron microscopy, energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS) and X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis. The friction and wear tests were realized using a pin-on-disk arrangement against the hardened AISI 4140 steel.

The result of this study indicated that the coefficients of friction wear rate of the materials were significantly influenced by an increase in wollastonite content. The friction coefficient of the PC was getting decreased from 0.457 to 0.198 with an increase in wollastonite content, depending on applied loads and sliding speeds. On the other hand, the results showed that the wear rates of pure PC and wollastonite-filled PCs decreased with an increase in loads. The wear rate of the PC decreased from 1.2 × 10−6 to 8.7 × 10−6 mm3/m with an increase in wollastonite content, depending on applied loads.

There are many reports which deal with the friction and wear performance of the polymers and polymer composites. However, the effect of wollastonite effect on tribological performance of PC has up to now not been extensively researched.

Nanotechnology is nowadays very much successful in producing specifically functionalized nano-sized particles. In this work, copper nanoparticles were prepared by reduction method which is greener and environmentally suitable, cheap and best as compared to other conventional methods, particularly in the context of COVID in globalized world. The formation and size of copper nanoparticles was evidenced by the X-ray diffraction and transmission electron microscopy. The very high surface area of 35–50 m²/gm and very small crystallite sizes of 5–15 nm of these metal nanoparticles is mainly responsible for their effective involvement in removal of carbon dioxide gas as one of major hazardous pollutants from the environment. This chapter, as its main objective, mainly focuses on utility of nano technology and its beneficiary in creating a sustainable environment in economic world. Apart from laboratory experimental procedure and characterizations for preparation of copper nanoparticles, appropriate research methods such as simple statistical, econometric tools and mathematical tools have been used for economic analysis. However, as major findings of the results, developed countries have been successful in maintaining a sustainable human development, in spite of having higher per capita income (PCI) growth as compared to the role of developing countries with lower PCI in this global world.

Silicone and polyester resins have been prepared at various compositions with the purpose of determining the best performing binder system. The coating materials that have been developed have been analysed and evaluated for their protection ability.

Silicone and polyester resins have been prepared at various compositions to identify best performing binder system. To evaluate the properties, different analytical methods have been employed. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy has been utilised to study the chemical changes when the polymers were mixed together. Corrosion resistance has been tested through potential time measurement test using NaCl solution. The surface morphology has been evaluated using scanning electron microscopy/energy dispersive X‐ray (EDX) analysis.

There is a change in intensity of the peaks and shift in the peak values of the functional groups observed. Scanning electron microscopy graphs show the uniform surface morphology of the systems developed. From the EDX analysis, the composition of the coating material has been found. The results showed that the coatings could protect the substrate for 30 days of immersion in 3 per cent NaCl electrolyte solution.

The paper provides an analysis of coatings containing silicone‐polyester resins.

Corrosion is an important problem to be taken care in terms of economic and ecological aspects. The aim of this paper is to identify the methods of protection and selection of materials for corrosion protection.

A novel attempt has been made to formulate a hybrid composite paint system using silicone (S2) and polyester (P3) resins. These resins have been blended in different weight ratios to develop binder for protection coatings. Cross‐hatch test, impact resistance test, thermal characterization, impedance measurement and potential‐time measurement were conducted on binder coated steel panels. Heat resistance test was carried out using ASTM D2485 standards.

The results showed that physical and mechanical properties of the coatings have been improved by the addition of silicone into the polyester matrix. The binder system developed using 50 wt per cent polyester and 50 wt per cent silicone showed good physical, mechanical properties and high thermal resistance. The maximum coating resistance of the coatings after 30 days exposure was found to be 9.7×10⁶ Ω and the coating can withstand high temperature up to 473 K.

The development of different types of coatings will be useful to achieve higher protection performance. The combinations of different resins and pigments have to be analysed and selected suitable compositions.

The objective of this study is to develop coating system with different resins to achieve better performance and reduce the cost of paint materials. It may be useful for the industries to move forward with new formulation using multicomponent coating materials. A critical combination of the above resins offers better protection for steel structures from high temperature corrosive environments.

The formulation of coating material using two different resins and a single curing agent is a novel approach in this research. This type of research will open new ideas of formulating different coatings using various types of resins. In high temperature corrosion environment, the coatings which is commonly used is silicone based and the price of the raw material is very high therefore to reduce the cost of the raw material, the silicone resin is being blended in different ratios with organic resin to obtain an optimum ratio which can be applied to overcome high temperature corrosion on steel panels.

The purpose of this paper was to prepare a hybrid organic/inorganic coating with interesting barrier properties against the corrosion of plain carbon steel sheets in 3.5 per cent NaCl solution. The search for replacing chromates in protective coatings has led to the development of hybrid sol-gel anticorrosive coatings. Appropriate functionalization can dramatically enhance the chemical durability and mechanical strength of these coatings.

To prepare the targeted coating, 1,2-epoxybutane (EB) was mixed with 2 to 4 per cent aminoethylaminopropyl-methylsiloxane dimethylsiloxane (APDMS) copolymer and 1,6-diaminohexane. The above coating (EBAC) has been further mixed with three different corrosion inhibitors “Moly-white® 101-ED, Heucophos Zapp® and cerium ammonium nitrate”, yielding the coatings EBAC-M, EBAC-Z and EBAC-Ce, respectively. The corrosion characteristics of all coatings on the steel panels immersed in 3.5 per cent NaCl solution were obtained using different electrochemical methods such as electrochemical impedance spectroscopic and Tafel polarization measurements.

The newly prepared coatings showed interesting protection properties for protecting the steel substrate against corrosion in chloride-containing media.

The results provide a good approach for the modification of polydimethylsiloxane coatings using a simple organic modifier.

The purpose of this work was to prepare a hybrid organic/inorganic coating with interesting barrier properties against the corrosion of plain carbon steel sheets in 3.5 per cent NaCl solution. The search for replacing chromates in protective coatings has led to the development of hybrid sol-gel anticorrosive coatings. Appropriate functionalization can dramatically enhance the chemical durability and mechanical strength of these coatings.

To prepare the targeted coating, 1,2-epoxybutane (EB) was mixed with 2-4 per cent aminoethylaminopropyl-methylsiloxane dimethylsiloxane copolymer and 1,6-diaminohexane. The above coating (EBAC) was further mixed with three different corrosion inhibitors “Moly-white® 101-ED, Hfucophos Zapp®” and Cerium Ammonium Nitrate, yielding the coatings (EBAC-M), (EBAC-Z) and (EABC-Ce), respectively. The corrosion characteristics of all coatings on carbon steel panels immersed in 3.5 per cent NaCl solution were obtained using different electrochemical methods such as electrochemical impedance spectroscopic and Tafel polarization measurements.

The newly prepared coatings showed interesting properties for protecting the steel substrate against corrosion in chloride containing media.

The results provide a good approach for the modification of polydimethylsiloxane coatings using a simple organic modifier.

Since carbon nanotubes (CNTs) were discovered by Iijima in 1991, they have gained more and more attention by people because of their unique physical and chemical properties. The CNTs have one-dimensional nanostructure, high surface adsorption capacity, good conductivity and electronic ballistic transmission characteristics and therefore have excellent mechanical, electrical, physical and chemical properties. CNTs are ideal basic materials to make nanometer gas sensors. Nanometallic materials function as to enhance electrode activity and promote the electron transfer, so if composite nanometallic materials M (such as Au, Pt, Cu and Pd) and CNTs are used, all kinds of their characters of components would have coeffect. Electrochemical sensors by use of such composite as electrode would have a higher detection sensitivity.

CNTs were synthesized via chemical vapor deposition technique and were purified afterward. CNTs-M(Pt,Au) suspension was prepared by chemical deposition using spinning disc processor (SDP) and was coated on gold electrode. The modified electrodes were constructed, based on immobilization of glucose oxidase on an Au electrode by electrostatic effect. CNTs-Pt/ glassy carbon electrodes (GCE) electrodes were made by electrochemically deposition of platinum particles on GCE modified by CNTs. The microstructures of the harvested CNTs, CNTs-M (M = Au, Pt) were analyzed under scanning electron microscopy and transmission electron microscopy. The application of the sensor in medical detection has been evaluated.

The results shown that CNTs-Au biosensors exhibit good reproducibility, stability and fast response to glucose detection, it can be used in the clinic detection of glucose concentration in human serum. Using CNTs-Pt/GCE for formaldehyde detection exhibited high sensitivity and good reproducibility.

This study modified CNTs by using self-assembled techniques through SDP with nano Pt and Au by electrodeposition for the first time. CNTs-Pt/GCE electrode was prepared by depositing platinum particles electrochemically on GCE modified by CNTs. CNTs-Au-modified electrode was prepared by immobilization of glucose oxidase on an Au electrode first by electrostatic effect. Electrochemical behaviors of glucose at CNTs-Au and formaldehyde at CNTs-Pt/GCE were investigated by cyclic voltammetry.

The purpose of this paper is to develop a novel organic‐inorganic (epoxy‐silicone) hybrid resin for application in heat resistant surface coatings.

Thermally stable aminosilicone resin was prepared by using diethoxydimethyl silane and γ‐aminopropyldiethoxy methyl silane.

The hybrid epoxy silicone resin shows significant properties such as toughness, chemical resistance and thermal stability.

The prepared amino siloxane was cured by commercially available epoxy resin PG 100 and toluene diisocyanate in different ratios at high as well as at room temperature to develop high‐temperature vulcanisation and room temperature vulcanisation resin systems.

The hybrid epoxy silicone resin may be used as heat resistant coatings due to their low shrinkage and lesser internal stress.

The developed hybrid epoxy silicone resin was novel for application in thermally stable coatings.