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The purpose of this paper is to investigate the effect of ISO 14001 certification on US public firms’ equity structure regarding whether the typical heavy investment required for environmental management system is justified in terms of equity risk.

This study employs the event study methodology and examines the pre- and post-movements of firms’ equity structure around the ISO 14001 certification date. This study investigated 5,189 listed firms in the New York Stock Exchange and National Association of Securities Dealers Automated Quotation and the abnormal performance of firms’ equity structure was measured by using four dependent variables (assets, liabilities, debt ratio (liabilities/equity), and market-to-book ratio of equity).

The results showed that the adoption of ISO 14001 increased a firm's total assets, liabilities, and debt ratio in the long run, implying that pursuing the certification entails the increase in a firm's size and equity risk. The long-term movement of the market-to-book ratio of equity showed no abnormal performance, while it fluctuated in the short term.

This study suggests that managers should consider the potential risk from a firm's equity structure when they decide to pursue the ISO 14001 certification.

This study is the first effort to investigate the long-term effect of ISO 14001 certification on the firm's equity structure using the event study methodology in the USA.

This study aims to empirically investigate the relationship between the directions of pressures affecting green supply chain management (GSCM) and supply chain (SC) performance.

This research is based on a survey because there is no archival database providing detailed information on GSC practices and performance. A survey questionnaire was developed to collect research data, based on the GSC literature and a pilot study in the field. The authors developed hypotheses based on two theories: institutional theory and the resource-based view (RBV). Confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) and structural equation modeling (SEM) were used to test the hypotheses with SPSS (16.0) and AMOS (5.0).

The results confirmed the importance of implementing environmental SC practices to sustain organizations' competitive advantage and performance. Increased SC flexibility helped reduce resources, through decreased cost factors and improved output. Enterprises with environmental SC policies tended to increase SC flexibility and, hence, enhanced profits.

This paper applies organizational theories to GSCM by extending the institutional-versus-internal-pressure construct to the way enterprises implement GSC strategies for sustainable SC.

The purpose of this study is to examine the current open innovation practices in the public sector of leading countries.

Using a framework based on the role of the government in open innovation, this study analyses a profile of early open innovation adopters based on collected data from secondary sources.

First, the USA, Australia and Singapore developed open innovation policies at the national level, facilitating a positive innovation climate. Many projects, especially those in online platforms, were established under these policies. Second, although outside‐in open innovation principles seem to be popular, there have been emerging attempts to exploit the value of government data through inside‐out approaches.

Most governments are in the early stages of adoption of open innovation and are in the process of understanding relevant issues. Future research should investigate how governments adopt open innovation, in particular inside‐out initiatives.

Governments should develop an overarching strategic plan, which would help its employees to recognise that new change is consistent with the needs of their workplace practices. Some organizations and projects led by citizens help the government engage external ideas in solving issues that are beyond its control.

This study is the first attempt to examine the current open innovation policies at the government level.

The purpose of this study is to explore green supply chain management (GSCM) practices and their relationship with organizational performance. More specifically, this research explores the effect of GSCM efforts and other organizational factors on firm performance of small and medium enterprises (SMEs) that serve as suppliers to large customer firms in the electronics industry.

This study developed a research model relating GSCM practice and business performance through three organizational variables (employee satisfaction, operational efficiency, and relational efficiency) as moderators. Statistical analyses were based on the data collected, through survey questionnaires, from 223 SMEs in the electronics industry in Korea. Reliability, validity, and goodness‐of‐fit of the research model were tested by the widely accepted statistical tools. To test the hypotheses relating GSCM practice implementation and business performance, structural equation modeling was used.

The most anticipated finding of the study was a direct link between GSCM practice implementation and business performance. However, no statistical significance was found. Instead, significant indirect relationships were found between GSCM practice implementation and business performance through mediating variables of operational efficiency and relational efficiency. This result indicates that business performance will be improved when GSCM enhances operational efficiency and operational efficiency.

Research on GSCM is still at the early stage. Further refinement of the questionnaire is needed. Generalizability of the findings is also limited because of data collected from electronics firms in Korean. This study shed several important insights. The findings of this study are generally consistent with prior studies in other parts of the world. SMEs in the Korean electronics industry believe that GSCM practices help generate new opportunities to attract clients in addition to complying with the buyer firms' demand. It was also found that implementation of GSCM practices help improve operational and relational efficiencies of supplier firms.

Few empirical studies have been done in GSCM based on the conceptual footing of resource dependence theory. Also, this study was conducted from the supplier's perspective in examining the weaknesses of SME suppliers. Thus, the authors emphasize the importance of support from large buying firms for improving SME suppliers' green management capabilities.

This policy paper compares the performance of state-owned enterprise (SOEs) versus private firms in selected emerging economies in Asia, focusing on a number of performance indicators. The indicators are internationally recognized quality innovation, product and/or service innovation, financing of operations, dealing with government regulations and labor performance. To the best of the authors’ knowledge, there has been no such comparative study for these indicators between SOEs and private firms and across countries. Most studies of SOEs have been national case studies. As such, they give us little knowledge of how a country compares with other countries at similar stages of economic development. A cross-country comparative analysis can help us identify broader trends and patterns.

The authors compare and discuss the performance of SOEs versus private firms in a number of emerging Asian countries, namely China, India, Indonesia, Malaysia and Vietnam. To do so, the authors use data from the 2018 World Bank Enterprise Survey (which is the latest available) for the period 2012–2015. The authors focus on a number of key performance indicators, namely internationally recognized quality innovation, product and/or service innovation, financing of operations, dealing with government regulations and labor performance.

The comparative analysis uncovers some interesting differences between the two types of firms. For example, somewhat surprisingly, SOEs tend to innovate more than private firms. However, the single most significant pattern the authors find is that in middle-income Asia both types of firms face formidable challenges with respect to doing business – e.g. scarcity of relevant training programs for employees. Therefore, the priority of policymakers must be to improve the overall business environment for all firms, regardless of their ownership structure.

The nature of this paper is a policy paper. This is because the data used in this study is survey data, conducted every four–five years (or more) for each country in the study and available for very few countries. As the data are not available for a continuous period of time, The authors could not conduct empirical research for this topic and thus made it a policy paper that presents a comparison across Asian countries as case studies.

The five selected Asian countries are interesting case studies for a comparative analysis since they are middle-income countries where SOEs play a significant role in the economy. Furthermore, state ownership is an important institutional dimension in emerging markets, and strong ties with the government can influence the performance of SOEs through various market and non-market channels. Despite the potential importance of the research theme, there is very little existing research on cross-country comparisons of the performance of SOEs vis-à-vis private firms. This could be explained by scarce data availability. With this in mind, the study attempts to shed some light on SOEs' performance and add to the rather limited literature.

This paper examines global imbalance and rebalancing issues from the viewpoint of Korea. As IMF (2009) notes, the unwinding of global imbalance seems inevitable and, in fact, it is in progress. We illustrate that Korea, with a flexible exchange rate system and relatively balanced current accounts, has little direct linkage to global imbalance. However, we also find that Korea is not immune to the costly adjustment process of imbalance due to the triangular trade between Korea, China and the U.S. The fact that Korea is ‘indirectly’ linked to global imbalance limits Korea’s ability to cope with the situation. Boosting domestic demand, often mentioned recommendation for East Asia, is not an appropriate solution for Korea with low personal savings rate. A lot depends on China’s policy. If China reduces its dependence on U.S. market and increases domestic consumption despite unemployment risk in export manufacturing sector, it will provide Korea with an opportunity for more stable growth based on China’s final demand. Korea can also make efforts to increase economic integration and expand monetary cooperation in Asia that would help to increase consumption demands and final goods trade in the region.

The purpose of this paper is to draw upon the resource-based view of the firm to explore how a firm’s resources (assets and capabilities) such as culture of competitiveness (CC) and knowledge development (KD) relate to sustainable supply chain management (SSCM) and organizational performance (OP).

Data were collected from 242 supply chain and logistics managers in Pakistan and a structured equation modeling approach was used.

The results of the study provide support for the proposed hypotheses and indicate that CC and KD are positively related to SSCM and OP. This points out that the organizations in Pakistan are likely to emphasize CC and KD to achieve OP. However, the positive but weak association of CC and KD with SSCM highlights that the organizations in Pakistan show less concern for SSCM.

The literature did not reveal any study which examined the relationships of the CC and KD to SSCM and OP in developing countries. The present study aims to address this gap in the literature.

The purpose of this paper is to design a low phase noise and high figure of merit, fully integrated, voltage‐controlled oscillator (VCO) which was fabricated in TSMC CMOS 0.18‐μm 1P6M process.

A differential PMOS cross‐coupled architecture VCO with the capacitive feedback technology was designed to increase the linearity of frequency tuning range and decrease the phase noise. Varactor determining the performance of tuning range is also a key component in the design of VCO. The authors adopt the accumulation‐mode MOS varactor. The output spectrum and the phase noise are measured by E5052A spectrum analyzer.

The VCO is successfully fabricated in TSMC RF CMOS 0.18um 1P6M process. The measured tuning range is from 10.875 GHz ∼ 11.1 GHz with control voltage from 0 to 1.5 V. The measured phase noise is as low as −120.42 dBc/Hz at 1 MHz offset and the high FOM is −189.5 dBc/Hz. The output spectrum is −10.51dBm with center oscillator frequency of 10.942 GHz. The core circuit without buffer consumes power of 15 mW from a 1.8 V supply voltage.

This paper shows a fully integrated CMOS LCVCO architecture using capacitive feedback technology with low phase noise and high figure of merit for OC‐192 SONET applications.