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To elaborate on the model terms for the effective integration in Russia's special economic zones in the long term.

The statistical method, comparative method and a formalised model of game theory are used in this research.

The research is aimed at determining the model conditions for effective integration in Russia's special economic zones. The proprietary methodology envisages the following stages: establishment of the case experience of the development of Russia's special economic zones and determination of requirements that are set to residents (players) for entrance; comparison of the functioning of players of one of the studied integration structures under the conditions of individual development and the conditions of business integration; description of advantages; development of the practical implications to improve the business strategies of residents (players). The analysis is performed based on the materials of the development of Industrial Production SEZ ‘Alabuga’ (Republic of Tatarstan) and its residents, as well as the evaluation of the system of regulation of the parameters of joining special economic zones of different types. The assessed residents of Industrial Production SEZ ‘Alabuga’ (Republic of Tatarstan) are Trakya Glass Rus and Automotive Glass Alliance Rus (in 2021, the name was changed to Shishejam Automotive Rus), which started functioning within the association in 2017.

The originality and scientific value of this research are due to the description of the specific features and perspective directions of integration in Russia's special economic zones.

The purpose of this work consists in formulating the game strategy of business integration in special economic zones and its advantages for the sustainable development of regions of Russia.

The following methods are used in this work: comparative analysis, statistical method and the game method of business simulation.

The game strategy of business integration in special economic zones and its advantages for the sustainable development of regions of Russia are formulated. The government's requirements (within investing) and benefits in the context of taxation of income and property of the subjects of the economy and citizens, which exist within special economic zones of the Russian Federation, are analysed. The case advantages of activity (draft formulas of development) of the subjects of the economy within special economic zones of the Russian Federation are described compared to their possible individual development. The effects of implementing special economic zones, which are characteristic of the regions of their location, are revealed. A perspective formula for the development of participating enterprises of a special economic zone of the industrial type is formulated, and the directions for the optimisation of socio-economic and ecological development for a depressive region are given.

The novel aspect of this research consists in determining the specific features of the game strategy of business integration in special economic zones and its advantages for the sustainable development of regions of Russia.

To determine the influence of the development of clustering of the national business environment on the level of digital competitiveness.

The research was performed using the following methods: statistical analysis, correlation analysis and comparative analysis.

We study the influence of the development of clustering of the national business environment on the level of digital competitiveness. It is revealed that the studied developed countries (Singapore, Denmark and Switzerland) demonstrate a high level of clustering of business, which is assessed through the use of the indicator ‘State of сluster development’, and a high level of digital competitiveness. The considered developing countries (Peru, Mexico and the Philippines) have medium values of the above variables. Only Peru was able to use a highly effective mechanism of clustering, which influenced the digitalisation of sectors of the economy, which have business clusters. We also describe the competitive advantages of the development of cluster entrepreneurial structures, which ensure their economic and market success.

The scientific novelty of the results obtained is due to the elaboration on the specifics of the influence of the cluster strategy of business integration on the level of national digital competitiveness.

Galvanized steel specimens were coated with four different organic systems, containing either special acrylic resins or epoxy resins with or without wash primer. The anticorrosive performance of these duplex systems when exposed to an environment of 3.5 percent w/w NaCl solution, was investigated by electrochemical impedance spectroscopy, corrosion potential monitoring, potentiodynamic polarization and dielectric measurements. Interrelation of the obtained results, confirmed by visual observations after salt spray and weathering tests, shows that all four coating systems are more protective than simple galvanizing. The system, comprising a wash primer, a two‐component epoxy resin primer and an epoxy resin finish paint, demonstrates the best anticorrosive behavior among the four systems examined.

Substitution of zinc chromate or zinc yellow, traditionally used as anticorrosive pigment, for other phosphate‐based pigments that are not hazardous to health and have the same anticorrosive behaviour or even better, is studied in this paper. Four alkyd paints were specially prepared; two of them contained calcium acid phosphate or micronised zinc phosphate as anticorrosive pigments respectively. A paint containing zinc chromate was used as reference and a paint without anticorrosive pigments was used as a blank, in which the other ingredients were increased proportionally to attain the desired PVC relationship. The corrosion behaviour of low carbon steel panels coated with these paints in a 3 per cent NaCl solution was assessed by electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS). In addition, other painted panels were evaluated by salt spray and humidity chamber tests. Results of all tests showed that the paint with calcium acid phosphate and especially that with micronised zinc phosphate exhibited better behaviour than paint with zinc chromate. Analysis of impedance parameters (ionic resistance and capacitance of the paint film) against immersion time allowed the paints to be ranked in the same order as that obtained with salt spray and humidity chamber tests.

Four different organic systems, containing either vinyl acetate resins or epoxy resins were applied on steel pretreated specimens exposed to deionized and deaerated water taken from the installations of the Public Greek Electricity Company. Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy, potentiodynamic polarization measurements, dielectric measurements and visual observations after salt spray test were performed for monitoring the changes of the organic systems characteristics at predetermined exposure time in the deionized – deaerated water. All four coating systems found providing protection on steel surfaces. The classification of their performance depends mainly on the composition of the primer, as well as, on the intrinsic characteristics of the other layers. Thus the system consisting of epoxy primer with zinc dust, epoxy high build layer and a two component epoxy paint with iron oxide is the one exhibiting the highest protection efficiency.

The aim of the present work was to compare the performance of two coating systems applied on steel specimens. The first of them demands sandblasting pretreatment of the metal surface while the second one, which does not need it, leads to rust transformation. These systems were examined in three corrosive environments i.e. a geothermal fluid of low enthalpy, a 3.5 wt per cent NaCl solution and a 5wt per cent NaCl in a salt spray cabinet. The anticorrosive capability of the two coating systems was evaluated at predetermined exposure times by mass loss measurements of the steel substrate, by potentiodynamic polarization curves and by the half‐cell potential time evolution. Visual examination of the degree of rusting and blistering was also carried out. The results indicate that both coating systems exhibit almost similar protective behavior under the same conditions of pretreatment. In all cases, the corrosion rate increases with the increase of the surface roughness.

The objective of this work was to examine the anticorrosive behaviour of four different epoxy coatings, which were formulated with zinc pigments and were applied on pretreated steel panels exposed to deionised/deaerated water taken from the installations of the Greek Public Electricity Company, as well as to compare the results of this study with those of a relevant, previous work. The coating's performance was assessed by the measurement of the potentiodynamic polarisation resistance, by electrochemical impedance spectroscopy and the measurement of dielectric permittivity, during the deionised/deaerated water immersion tests. Additionally, accelerated salt spray tests were performed. All types of coatings tested exhibited a high protective performance. It was concluded that the epoxy system containing zinc dust was the most effective anticorrosion coating under the conditions relevant to this study.

This study aims to present the fabrication of the two-layer system, coating it on steel surface and evaluating the system’s anti-corrosion performance using the ASTM Standard Salt-Spray Test: B117 and the technique of Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy (EIS).

A synthesized electroactive polyaniline (PANi) was utilized in this study to make a PANi-based primer, with which a two-layer coating system was fabricated by overlaying the primer with a polyurethane top-coat.

In the Salt-Spray test, the two-layer PANi/polyurethane system exhibited higher corrosion resistance than the two-layer control epoxy/polyurethane system. In particular, the PANi/polyurethane system tended to mitigate the production of rust on substrate surface and demonstrated higher delamination resistance. The EIS analysis confirmed the high corrosion resistance and delamination resistance of the two-layer PANi/polyurethane system based on parameters obtained using the best-fit equivalent circuits.

The demonstrated anti-corrosion capacity of this new PANi/polyurethane system laid a solid base for industrial applications.

This novel coating system is expected to achieve improved corrosion protection for steels than the conventional zinc-rich three-layer coatings.

A new patented process that simultaneously cleans steel by grit‐blasting and applies primer is now available from Akzo Coatings BV of Wapenveld, the Netherlands. The ‘Gritkote’ process was develodped to improve treatment of steelwork such as industrial plant, storage tanks, port installations, offshore structures and ships' hulls.