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The main objective of this research is to investigate the factors that influence consumer purchase decisions for halal products before and during the COVID-19 pandemic, based on the Engel-Kollat-Blackwell (EKB) theory.

The research was conducted as a survey. The influencing factors were determined based on the grey relational analysis (GRA) approach.

The findings indicate before the COVID-19 pandemic, consumers mainly purchased halal products based on four key factors: purchasing experience, certification label, Internet searches and past consumption experience. However, during the pandemic, the ranking and factors have changed to six indicators, which are past consumption experience, purchasing experience, certification labels, standardized specifications, Internet searches and halal certification labels.

The study was limited by the sample size and geographical area. Nevertheless, the findings could be further explored by expanding related theories toward understand human decisions based on spiritual beliefs.

The findings of this study have important implications for research, practice and society. Understanding the factors influencing halal purchase decisions before and during the pandemic can help businesses, policymakers and halal certification bodies to better cater to consumers' needs and preferences and ensure the continued growth and development of the halal industry.

This study evaluates halal purchasing decisions between periods of certainty and uncertainty by using the GRA. Changes in halal consumption and purchase decisions in response to COVID-19 pandemic have become an emerging topic of discovery. The study addresses the gap in the literature regarding changes in consumer decision pattern.

This present study aims to investigate the effect of electronic word of mouth (e-WoM) behavior in Muslim social media on building a halal brand image (HBI) and its influence on purchase intention (PI). Also, Muslims’ altruism (ALT) and moral obligation (MO) were hypothesized as motivators to engage in e-WoM behavior.

A survey involving 320 members of a Muslim halal forum was conducted. Further, structural equation modeling was used to assess the proposed hypotheses.

It is found that ALT and MO positively influence e-WoM behavior. Furthermore, E-WoM also significantly affects HBI and PI. Meanwhile, HBI has a positive effect on PI.

Indonesian halal marketers face difficulties developing a halal image as a critical differentiator, mainly due to the upsurging number of halal certifications and the consumer’s perception that all products available in the market are halal. This present study offers an alternative strategy for Indonesian marketers to strengthen the HBI through Muslim social media amidst the cluttering halal brands in the market.

The development of HBI combined with social media interactions will accelerate the halal brand awareness and usage among society, especially in Indonesia, a Major Muslim country.

This present study provides empirical evidence that social media e-WoM, despite its lack of physical interaction and opportunity to scrutinize the halal features, effectively creates HBI and influences PI among Muslims.

This paper investigates the factors and how they lead to meat choice decisions based on preferred slaughter practices. The literature has established the role of psychological factors and morality perception in meat choice decisions. However, it explores how consumers' behavioural intention is impacted towards alternative meat when consumer guilt is activated in different cultural settings.

This study included in-depth interviews with consumers from India's emerging market due to its multicultural dimension and diverse religious beliefs about meat consumption. The authors conducted 17 interviews to explore antecedents towards non-halal meat choices.

Utilizing the Theory of planned behaviour (TPB), this paper explores research gaps related to meat consumption preferences based on preferred slaughter practices in an emerging market context. The findings uncover and add to understanding meat preferences in varied cultural contexts that affect consumer choices. The authors advance the current understanding of TPB from the perspective of behavioural intention toward non-halal meat.

The study's findings have significant implications for all the organizations/outlets dealing with non-vegetarian food products, whether packaged or fresh and for meat sellers.

The study is unique in identifying the meat choice preferences based on slaughter practice through the extended prism of TPB. The market chosen for this study is one of the biggest consumer markets and its growing continuously.

This present study aims to investigate the mediating effect of halal label perceived importance (HPI) on buying intention (BI) of small and medium enterprises (SME) food products in a Muslim-majority environment by involving attitude (ATT), subjective norms (SN) and perceived behavioral control (PBC) as the antecedents.

A self-administered survey was conducted with 437 Muslim respondents who shop at an SME shopping center. Subsequently, the structural equation modeling technique was used to test the hypotheses.

The findings showed that ATT and PBC significantly influence the BI of halal-labeled food products. On the other hand, HPI partially mediates the relationship between ATT, PBC and BI.

The results provided insights that SME actors will be benefited from selling halal-labeled products as the label amplifies Muslim consumers’ BI. Moreover, the government must intensify the halal campaign to strengthen public awareness and social pressure on purchasing halal-labeled brands.

As SMEs are the major contributor to the national economy, this sector’s business growth will benefit the Indonesian people. Moreover, as the most Muslim-populated country, halal product development will contribute significantly to the whole national economy.

This study provides empirical evidence on the halal labeling mediation role in the relationship between consumer motivation and halal buying intention in a major Muslim setting.

This study aims to review relevant studies concerning consumer purchase of halal-certified products. A total of 35 studies related to the consumer purchasing behavior of halal-certified products in top-tier journals have been identified according to the recommended systematic literature review methodology.

A systematic literature review approach was implemented to examine, summarize and finally interpret the relevant research stream pertaining to consumer purchase of halal-certified products.

There are five research streams extracted from this systematic review, halal study context, theories adapted, covariance-based-structural equation modeling (SEM) vs partial least square-SEM, Muslim vs nonMuslim consumer and role of religiosity. Despite the growing interest in the quantitative approach in consumer purchase behavior in halal-certified products, scholars in halal consumer studies must have a greater extent of work. These include incorporating diverse theories in the framework, an advanced SEM approach, and relevant determinants to capture consumer purchasing of halal-certified products in the highly anticipated and profitable Muslim market.

Findings would help researchers in halal studies to consider and contemplate critical issues, according to the research stream presented in this review.

To the best of the authors’ knowledge, this study is the first review of quantitative studies on consumer purchases of halal-certified products.

The growing demand for halal products has attracted small and large companies looking to secure their market share in the lucrative global halal market. However, it is difficult for resource-constrained firms, such as small and medium enterprises (SMEs), to compete internationally. Therefore, drawing from a resource-based view, this paper aims to examine how intangible resources affect the export performance of Malaysian SMEs exporting halal food and beverages (F&B) products.

This study used a purposive sampling technique, and respondents were reached out by mail. Out of 517 local SMEs exporting halal-certified F&Bs contacted, 193 firms responded, and only 188 responses were eligible to be used for data analysis. The partial least squares structural equation modelling technique was used to conduct the analysis. The data underwent measurement and structural model evaluation to confirm the hypotheses postulated.

Based on the data analysis conducted, it was discovered that intangible resources, namely, international orientation and marketing capability, significantly influence the export performance of Malaysian SMEs exporting halal F&B. However, the influence of cultural intelligence on export performance could not be demonstrated.

This paper fills the gap of the need for more attention to SMEs in developing countries, especially in the halal industry. This research paper also contributes to international business and halal studies by promoting an understanding of intangible resources as strategic resources for SMEs to create competitive advantages and elevate their export performance in the emerging global halal market.

This study aims to consider factors that play an important role in adopting the halal food standard (HFS) among food manufacturers in Pakistan and to investigate the role of the traceability system in the compliance of the halal assurance system (HAS).

Present study included data from a survey by 134 professionals/food technologists from the food industry, and partial least square-structural equation modeling was applied.

The results indicate that consumer pressure, industry competition, marketing functions, operational improvement and the organization’s commitment have a significant impact on HFS adoption, while government regulations have an insignificant impact. The results also indicate that the HFS’s adoption and lack of a traceability system significantly impact HAS.

The current study’s findings are inconclusive. Hence, future researchers are suggested to further explore the studied phenomena, especially in other research settings.

For policymakers, the findings of this study offer valuable information as it not only benefits the industry but will also assist in providing better and safer halal food products to consumers.

This study highlights the importance of the adoption of HFS and compliance with HAS in a scenario where demand for Halal is increasing globally. Moreover, the findings of this study offer valuable information in motivating firms to implement HFS.

This study aims to conceptualize and investigate the relationships between halal entrepreneurial success, innovation capability and sustainable innovation in the halal industry.

Both integrative and generative approaches are combined to move forward from the literature to a theoretical contribution. The paper presents a model that relates halal entrepreneurial success to innovation capability and sustainable innovation. A purposive sample of 340 Malaysian halal entrepreneurs is used to test the conceptualized model. The partial least square technique was then used to assess the structural model.

The results disclosed that halal entrepreneurial success is positively related to both innovation capability and sustainable innovation. Also, the innovation capability mediates the relationship between halal entrepreneurial success and sustainable innovation.

This research conceptualized and examined a novel model that assesses the relationships between halal entrepreneurial success, innovation capability and sustainable innovation in the halal industry.

This study aims to identify the suitable indicators and their scale for measuring the level of logistic halal implementation and then develops the measurement system based on those indicators and scales. Moreover, this research also applies the measurement system in food, beverage, and ingredient companies.

This study collected data through web-based closed questionnaires and short telephone interviews. This study succeeded in obtaining seven valid data sets from filling out validation and analytical hierarchy process questionnaires by a panel of experts. This study also obtained 97 valid data sets from filling out the questionnaire about the current condition of each indicator related to halal logistics (HL) implementation. Then, the framework for measuring HL implementation was designed based on the multi-attribute value theory approach.

The aggregate value of HL implementation in ingredient companies belongs to the excellent implementation category. In contrast, the aggregate value of HL implementation in food and beverage companies only belongs to the good implementation category. Then, according to the size of the company, the large-sized companies have the higher means of the aggregate value of HL implementation for preferred indicators than small- and medium-sized companies. However, all size companies belong to the good implementation category.

This research has several limitations. The preferred indicators are only measured by the Likert scales. Future research may benefit from inducing the qualitative approaches to measure the condition of each indicator better. Secondly, this research only consisted of 97 food, beverages and ingredients companies. Thirdly, this research only measured the HL implementations to a particular sector or industry. Future research could benefit from replicating the work in similar and dissimilar contexts, adding the sample size and comparing the level of HL implementation between Muslim and non-Muslim companies, and moreover, enhance the measurement of HL implementation by including consumers and other actors involved, such as the government.

This research provided a basis for helping the government and policymakers understand and evaluate non-performing indicators in HL implementation before formulating several actions.

Understanding the current HL implementation conditions could facilitate a more effective response in designing some appropriate alternative actions.

This research contributed to measuring HL implementation with a new indicator, a new scale and a new object in an empirical case of food, beverages and ingredient companies in Indonesia.

The purpose of this paper is to study the correlational and effect relationship between Halal standards and the performance of Halal-certified Palestinian Food Companies.

Quantitative method was used, using a questionnaire survey of 40 Halal-certified Palestinian organizations out of a total of 47 certified organizations, the analysis was done using the partial least squares structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM) and the literature review was conducted using a well-known systematic literature review methodology.

Halal implementation and certification had a positive impact on performance (operational, financial and marketing). The depth/intensity of implementation fully mediates operational performance and partially mediates marketing and financial performance.

As the sample size is small, it is recommended to conduct the study using a larger sample size, once the number of Palestinian Halal-certified organizations increases. A longitudinal or panel study is recommended to capture data that are more accurate and avoid objectivity and bias issues using a cross-sectional research design method. Finally, the study recommends to conduct additional research in the field of Halal awareness for customers to gage their intention and welling to buy Halal products within the Middle East region.

The importance of this study exists in the lack of previous Halal-related studies in the Palestinian context and the previously described gap in the literature. Nevertheless, the quality management drivers and impact are limited in the Palestinian context compared with other contexts; the results of the previously published studies revealed mixed results such as the drivers of quality management are based on the type of business. Finally, this research gives small insights and directions toward conducting additional studies concerning customer awareness about Halal products.