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This study examines whether US effective tax rates on foreign income of US multinationals (MNCs) vary according to the favorability of US macroeconomic conditions relative to those of non-US countries. We use the pre-Tax Cuts and Jobs Act of 2017 regime as our setting and present evidence that US effective tax rates on foreign earnings are higher (lower) in periods when macroeconomic conditions in the US are favorable (unfavorable) relative to those elsewhere in the world. These results imply that firms seek to maximize after-tax returns when making asset allocation decisions, even when faced with US repatriation tax costs. We provide further evidence indicating that our primary results vary predictably according to certain firm characteristics, namely the ability to acquire funds for investment through less expensive means than repatriation of foreign profits, high intangible asset intensity, and tax aggressiveness. Finally, we show that economic uncertainty in the US counters the positive effects of favorable US macroeconomic conditions on US effective tax rates on foreign earnings. Our findings have implications for the policy debate around the US taxation of foreign earnings and provide a (partial) explanation for the observed lower-than-expected levels of repatriation activity following the implementation of the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act of 2017.

The research focuses on the problem of the mismatch between the current approach to corporate accounting and reporting according to International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS) and the new paradigm of international entrepreneurship development in Russia. The research aims to identify global prerequisites and prospects for improving the approach to corporate accounting and reporting of international entrepreneurship according to IFRS in Russia. Drawing on international experience in developing digital economies from 2021 to 2023, the authors apply regression analysis to create an econometric model of IFRS application in international entrepreneurship. The model determines patterns of changes in the investment attractiveness of the economy for foreign investments as corporate accounting and reporting in international entrepreneurship are automated using big data, smart analytics, and other digital technologies. The main authors' conclusion is that smart automation of corporate accounting and reporting in international entrepreneurship according to IFRS ensures an influx of foreign investments. The theoretical significance lies in developing a new approach to corporate accounting and reporting for international entrepreneurship according to IFRS in Russia. The practical significance is expressed in the perspective offered to enhance the attractiveness of Russia's economy for foreign investments through smart automation of corporate accounting and reporting for international entrepreneurship according to IFRS. This can be utilized, first, in the business practices of international entrepreneurship in Russia to increase investment attractiveness for foreign investors. Second, it can be utilized in the state economic policy to stimulate the influx of foreign investments into the digitalization of Russia's economy.

In recent decades, with China's “Go Global” and “Belt and Road” strategies, Chinese multinational corporations (MNCs) have been provided with a new development direction. This chapter aims to identify the features of the entry of Chinese multinationals into Kazakhstan and analyze their characteristics in terms of investment attractiveness and location advantages. The basic method for evaluating the characteristics of the development of Chinese MNCs in Kazakhstan is a statistical analysis based on UNCTADstat. Based on the analysis, the authors conclude that although China has many MNCs, their rate of transnationality and competitiveness index are far behind those of European and American ones. The number of Chinese multinational companies investing in Kazakhstan (1,234 companies) ranks third in the number of foreign companies in the country. Chinese multinationals investing in Kazakhstan are mainly concentrated in Xinjiang because it borders Kazakhstan and has geographical and cultural advantages. China's direct investment in Kazakhstan covers a wide range of industries, including agriculture, animal husbandry, planting, construction, mining, transportation and communication, hotel and catering industry, trade and auto repair industry, etc. However, most registered enterprises are engaged in developing and utilizing energy fields in Kazakhstan.

There does not exist any precise definition of ‘development’. In view of the indispensability of an interpretation of this concept a degree of speculation seems to exist in a development process. This is the reason this chapter has been included in this work. No scholar has precisely defined ‘development’ and ‘developing’ countries. It is believed that indigenous people know best what would be most suitable for them for development of their country. However, any discussion of these topics becomes incomplete, controversial, etc. in the absence of any precise definition. This chapter is no exception to this although an attempt has been made to outline development.

The research studies transition to International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS) as a mechanism for increasing the investment attractiveness of the economy. Based on the international experience of 183 countries and World Bank statistics for 2022 by methods of correlation and regression analysis, the author has carried out econometric modeling of the impact of globalization in the context of its areas on the investment climate in the economy. The main author's conclusion is that the transition to IFRS is an effective but contradictory mechanism for increasing the investment attractiveness of the economy, which should be managed considering the national specifics of internal and external investment flows. The research novelty lies in the study the transition to IFRS not as a separate and independent business practice but as a means of improving the investment climate in the economy. The theoretical significance is that it bridges the gap between globalization governance and investment policy. The author argues that globalization should be implemented to support the transition to IFRS to improve the investment attractiveness of the economy. The practical significance is expressed in the fact that the author's proposed recommendations on diversification of globalization areas will help accelerate the transition to IFRS of business structures worldwide. The research is significant for investment policy in that the author's forecast and the proposed recommendations will help optimize the globalization effects on the investment attractiveness of the economy on the example of Uzbekistan. The recommendations can be used to develop the investment policy in Uzbekistan to improve its efficiency.

This chapter aims to analyze and evaluate the economic potential of Chad within the African continent, identify the challenges faced by the country, and propose potential solutions. The authors used a combination of qualitative and quantitative research methods. Relevant data is collected from reliable sources such as government reports, international organizations, research institutes, and academic studies, including data on Chad's GDP, trade flows, foreign direct investment (FDI), infrastructure, human capital, and natural resources.

The Republic of Chad is an agrarian country where the prosperity of 55% of the population depends on the development of agriculture, mainly livestock. Although rich in natural resources, Chad is one of the poorest countries in the world. Several investment projects have recently appeared in this country, which will help reduce the population's poverty in the future. The growth rate of Chad's economy lags behind that of the population. Foreign assistance is needed to solve the identified problem. With regard to the investment projects that have become more active this year, it would be unnecessary to be dizzy with success because they are still unable to break the established way of life. The Republic of Chad is situated in Africa and is considered one of the largest countries in the continent. The country has no access to the sea.

The present study aims to provide an overview of the life insurance industry in India and scrutinise various dimensions impacting life insurance uptake in accordance with the views of the management representatives. An exploratory study was assumed by conducting in-depth face-to-face/telephonic interviews with six employees and one agent affiliated to the most prominent life insurance companies operating in India. The interviews focused on operation of life insurance companies in general, their work culture, approach towards individuals/customers, steps taken to attract and retain their human capital (agents), the overall impact of reforms on the life insurance industry and their tactics which make them unique in the market. The study observed that life insurance uptake in India is discernibly affected by an individual's financial knowledge, needs and the level of trust they have on the company apart from brand of the life insurance company and grievance redressal system. It was also found that reforms (Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) Policy, entry of private players) did bring about a difference in work culture, improved employment opportunities and increased the reach of the insurance industry in the country. The study highlights dimensions that life insurance companies constantly work/need to work upon to remain at the zenith of success, broadens the horizons of the life insurance industry in an emerging nation like India as it is one of the few studies to have probed the management's outlook of the Indian life insurance industry and holds scope for future theoretical investigation and development of a comprehensive model as well.

This chapter focuses on Chinese investments in Tajikistan's transportation and logistics infrastructure. This chapter studies the role and place of Chinese investments in the development of the transport and logistics infrastructure of Tajikistan, the country's exit from the transport and communication deadlock, and the transformation of Tajikistan into a transit country of the Central Asian region. The research raises the issues of the economic efficiency of these investments. The authors apply general scientific methods. Statistical and comparative methods are used to examine the investment cooperation between China and Tajikistan. Compared to other strategic partners of Tajikistan, China greatly contributes to the development of the Tajik economy and ranks first in the list of major investors. Chinese investment in transport made it possible to logistically connect Tajikistan to four neighboring countries through roads and railroads built and reconstructed by Chinese investors and companies. According to the analysis of the research topic, the effective use of Chinese investments for repairing and reconstructing the transport infrastructure of Tajikistan is important for improving the country's transport and logistics system. The two neighboring countries are using economic mechanisms to increase the effectiveness of direct financing by the Chinese government and private companies for transport projects to help Tajikistan overcome its communication isolation and become a transit country in the Central Asian region. This chapter analyzes the experience of successful transport projects with Chinese investments. The analysis showed that Chinese investments in transport have played a key role in improving Tajikistan's economic and social environment.