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The purpose of this paper is to present current state of understanding on jet electrodeposition manufacturing; to compare various experimental parameters and their implication on as deposited features; and to understand the characteristics of jet electrodeposition deposition defects and its preventive procedures through available research articles.

A systematic review has been done based on available research articles focused on jet electrodeposition and its characteristics. The review begins with a brief introduction to micro-electrodeposition and high-speed selective jet electrodeposition (HSSJED). The research and developments on how jet electrochemical manufacturing are clustered with conventional micro-electrodeposition and their developments. Furthermore, this study converges on comparative analysis on HSSJED and recent research trends in high-speed jet electrodeposition of metals, their alloys and composites and presents potential perspectives for the future research direction in the final section.

Edge defect, optimum nozzle height and controlled deposition remain major challenges in electrochemical manufacturing. On-situ deposition can be used as initial structural material for micro and nanoelectronic devices. Integration of ultrasonic, laser and acoustic source to jet electrochemical manufacturing are current trends that are promising enhanced homogeneity, controlled density and porosity with high precision manufacturing.

This paper discusses the key issue associated to high-speed jet electrodeposition process. Emphasis has been given to various electrochemical parameters and their effect on deposition. Pros and cons of variations in electrochemical parameters have been studied by comparing the available reports on experimental investigations. Defects and their preventive measures have also been discussed. This review presented a summary of past achievements and recent advancements in the field of jet electrochemical manufacturing.

The general behaviour of titanium and zirconium in pure chemical environments is summarised, and also the effects of common contaminants such as air and heavy metal ions that are present in many process streams. The beneficial effect of traces of soluble iron and copper and organic compounds in non‐oxidising acids is discussed and the relative effect of these upon the behaviour of titanium and zirconium pointed out. Information is provided upon the performance of titanium—0.15% palladium alloy under similar circumstances. The conclusion suggests that the behaviour of titanium and zirconium in various types of chemical plant is best determined by reference to in‐plant trials than by laboratory testing; the use of in‐plant corrosion probes is recommended.

To develop a new corrosion inhibitor formulation for carbon steel in low chloride environments.

Corrosion inhibition efficiencies were evaluated by the weight loss method and by impedance measurement studies. The nature of the inhibition process was evaluated using potentiostatic polarization studies. The nature of the protective film was investigated using X‐ray diffraction, X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy, and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. The concept of synergistic effect was used in the development of the new synergistic inhibitor formulation.

A new corrosion inhibitor formulation, containing tertiary butyl phosphonate (TBP), zinc ions and citrate, has been developed to control the corrosion of carbon steel in low chloride environments. This inhibitor formulation was found to offer a maximum inhibition efficiency of 96 per cent in a neutral pH test environment. It was interesting to observe that the binary system, consisting of higher concentrations of the TBP and zinc ions, offered only 79 per cent inhibition efficiency. The ternary system, consisting of relatively lower concentrations of the phosphonate, zinc ions and citrate offered a higher (96 per cent) efficiency. This ternary inhibitor system also was found to be efficient in acidic as well as basic environments in the pH range 5‐8. The inhibitor combination was determined to function as a “mixed”‐type inhibitor, though being predominantly cathodic. A plausible explanation of the mechanism of corrosion inhibition is proposed.

The ternary inhibitor formulations based on phosphonate, zinc ions and another environmentally friendly synergists like citrate will be quite useful for corrosion inhibition of carbon steel in cooling water systems as they contain relatively less concentrations of phosphonate and zinc ions.

The research paper presents the results of a new synergistic inhibitor formulation and also discusses the mechanistic aspects of corrosion inhibition.

This paper aims to examine the investigations made on the corrosion behaviour of magnesium (Mg) substrate electrodeposited using different nano-materials.

This study uses nano-materials such as those of reduced graphene oxide (r-GO), titanium-di-oxide (TiO₂) and also r-GO/TiO₂ nano-composites (dispersed through ultra-sonication process) at 3-min time interval. Crystalline nature of synthesized TiO₂ is studied through X-ray diffraction and its pore volume is measured to be approximately 0.1851ccg-1 by Brunauer Emmett Teller analysis.

Surface morphology of the developed set of specimens inspected through scanning electron microscopy and energy dispersive spectroscopy establishes a clean surface coating and further witnesses for only minimal defects. Electrochemical behaviour of the developed coating is studied exhaustively using Tafel polarization and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy in 0.1 M Na₂SO₄ solution.

Incremental corrosion resistance exhibited by developed composite coating owes to the factors viz. chemical stability and hydrophobic tendency of TiO₂ and r-GO; these known engineering facts resist the flow of ions into the corrosive media and thereby reduce the rate of corrosion.

This paper describes the development and the numerical analysis of an electrochemical model for the analysis of a novel polymer/metal composite actuator. A general continuum model describing the transport and deformation processes of these actuators is briefly presented, along with a detailed description of the simulation scheme used to predict deformation, current, and mass transport. The predictions of the model are compared with experimental data, indicating a significant role of water transport in the large‐scale deformation. Comparison of the simulations and experimental data showed good agreement confirming the central role of water transport in the deformation process. For the sake of completeness the fabrication process and testing apparatus are also described.

A film called ‘Corrosion in Action,’ made by The International Nickel Co. Inc., American associates of The Mond Nickel Co. Ltd., stresses the need for understanding and controlling corrosion. The film is in three parts and runs for just over an hour. By example and analogy, involving the use of animated diagrams as well as photography, it is able to drive its points home in a way that a mere written explanation, however good, cannot. However, a brief summary of the main points discussed, in combination with some of the actual shots from the film, may recapture some of the film's force and clarity and help to spread knowledge of basic corrosion principles.

The spinel‐type pigments of a general formula corresponding to AB₂O₄ containing as A the Mg²⁺ or Zn²⁺ ions and as B the Fe³⁺ or Al³⁺ ions or combinations of both the A and B were prepared and investigated with respect to their anticorrosive action as pigments in organic coatings. For the same purposes, comparative pigments, known for their efficiency as the metal‐corrosion inhibiting ingredients in similar formulations, were used. Further evaluation was carried out on the properties of condensed phosphates as anticorrosion pigments. The results obtained showed the high anticorrosion action of the spinel‐type pigments.

Cathodic protection by galvanic or impressed current techniques is probably the most favoured method of obviating the corrosion of buried and immersed metals. The theoretical principles and the economics involved in such protection are well established now and have been the subject of numerous papers, monographs and reviews. Cathodic protection is, however, still far from being an infallible method of corrosion prevention primarily because (a) the cathodic protection conditions necessarily change with the environment, (b) complete corrosion protection is rarely achieved in practice (see below), and (c) corrosion of an apparently protected structure may occur through the presence of stray currents

This paper seeks to study the corrosion rate (CR) of Al 6063 in aqueous solutions containing food additives, namely ascorbic, citric and tartaric acids with/without chloride ions.

Chemical and electrochemical measurements were used to study the CR of Al 6063 in aerated aqueous solutions. Chemical measurements include weight loss (WL) and atomic absorption (AA). The surface morphology of Al 6063 was studied using scanning electron microscope connected with energy dispersion X‐Ray (EDX). Electrochemical measurements were made using a potentiostat/galvanostat; the effect of pH, temperature and immersion time was studied.

AA gave comparable results to that of WL. EDX results showed the depletion of Mg and Fe from the Al 6063 to carboxylic acid solutions w/without NaCl. From electrochemical measurements, it was found that addition of chloride ions to carboxylic acids increased the CR of Al 6063 especially at low pH and high temperatures but it reduced the CR at long immersion times.

Aluminum (Al) is now known to be a neurotoxin agent yet Al cook wares are widely used in different countries. The acids used in this study are food additives which implies that the Al cook wares may corrode in food containing these acids and other carboxylic acids depending on pH, temperature and the presence of other additives.

AA gave comparable results to that of WL, which shows that it may be used to evaluate leaching metal ions in μg levels or less in corrosion measurements.

Five different structural reactive dyes (Reactive Brilliant Blue K-3R, Everacion Blue H-ERD, Moderzol Blue FBR, Atuzol Black B and Moderzol Blue HEGN) were treated with laccase (Denilite II US) in order to determine the optimum decolouration conditions. The experiments showed that laccase had distinct decolouration effects on these five dyes. Under optimum conditions, the colour removal rates of Everacion Blue H-ERD and Moderzol Blue HEGN were over 90%. Furthermore, the effects of different additives, such as acid ion, metal ion, and surfactants on the decolouration rate of Reactive Brilliant Blue K-3R were discussed. The results show that the decolouration rate is significantly promoted through the addition of Cu²⁺ and Al³⁺, while it is inactivated with Fe²⁺ and ion surfactants. Moreover, the COD removal rates of the five dyes are more than 75%.