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The purpose of this paper is to offer the author's view about some of the challenges young Iberoamerican scholars face in order to build a successful research record.

This is an individual account of some of the most common barriers Iberoamerican scholars face when starting their academic career.

The paper presents some of the difficulties encountered by young scholars, such as motivation, lack of feedback, teaching load, and lack of resources and addresses these challenges in an almost intimate fashion.

The paper uses an idiosyncratic approach to the practical career obstacles faced by a young scholar outside the mainstream academic environment.

The aim of this study is to explore how springboard subsidiaries affect the psychic distance between the headquarters (HQ) of multinational companies (MNCs) and a distant target region. The study applies a single case study methodology to analyse a springboard subsidiary located in Spain that helps its German HQ to pursue opportunities in a psychically distant Latin American region. The findings suggest that springboard subsidiaries help MNCs to reduce the perceived psychic distance between their HQ and a target region due to (1) their intermediate psychic proximity in both directions (i.e. to the HQ and the target region) and (2) their location outside the target region, which makes them somewhat ‘impartial’ and not involved in intra-regional conflicts; the study also shows that the sum of psychic distance stimuli between HQ’s home country –springboard subsidiary’s country and springboard subsidiary’s – Latin American countries is actually smaller than the direct psychic distance between HQ’s home country and Latin American countries. No previous studies have explored the effect of springboard subsidiaries on psychic distance.

The aims of the present paper is electronic publishing has transformed the business model of publishing houses in Spain in such a way that two models currently coexist. The specificities of each of these models were studied and the consequences of each model for the future of electronic publishing in Spain were analysed.

The first stage of this study consisted in locating studies that would allow the authors to obtain useful indicators and statistic data regarding publication in Spain. The second stage of this study consisted of extracting from the sources cited above all data relevant to the study. To wit, these were the number of electronic books published, the major publishing houses offering electronic publications, the major platforms currently selling electronic books, presently available electronic reading devices, the rates of reading on all devices, reading rates itemized by age and educational background and general tendencies in digital publishing and e-reading.

There are traditional publishers of mostly paper-based volumes, whose business models are based on having large catalogues of titles and large print-runs, though print-runs are increasingly smaller and bookseller returns increasingly larger. Intermediary agents operating under this model, for instance booksellers, are subject to ever-greater economic pressures, especially in the current crisis

In the study that follows, the authors attempt to analyse the characteristics behind these changes and learn to what extent these changes will affect the future models of publication and reading in Spain.

Examines the tenth published year of the ITCRR. Runs the whole gamut of textile innovation, research and testing, some of which investigates hitherto untouched aspects. Subjects discussed include cotton fabric processing, asbestos substitutes, textile adjuncts to cardiovascular surgery, wet textile processes, hand evaluation, nanotechnology, thermoplastic composites, robotic ironing, protective clothing (agricultural and industrial), ecological aspects of fibre properties – to name but a few! There would appear to be no limit to the future potential for textile applications.

Taking as reference a sample of around a hundred biographical materials on entrepreneurs in Mexico and Colombia, the purpose of this chapter is dual. Both to show the relevance and varied modalities that the biographical approach has enjoyed in business history research since the 1990s, and to display the intrinsic potential this modality of scholarship entails for entrepreneurship endeavors. In particular, it discusses the prospects to incorporate this body of empirical works into the large Latin American audience attending undergraduate, graduate and executive education programs in business, economic history and related fields. The chapter is organized into three sections. The first two are devoted to illustrate relevant patterns in the entrepreneurial trajectory of individuals and entrepreneurial families studied in each of the two countries under consideration. The last section identifies some conceptual issues that may impact current debates on Latin American business development as exemplified in recent business and economic history journal venues and scholarly conferences.

This chapter aims to develop a broad understanding of the relationship between tourism and development in Colombia for the period 1996–2012 through two complementary analyses. After a review of secondary sources, high-impact public policies related to tourism are analyzed, as well as the gains and gaps to be overcome. The main findings points out that Colombia is at a juncture where tourism is starting to bloom. Whatever is planned and how it is done in terms of public policy will determine the future model for its development. As such, tourism can become a strategic instrument for decentralization processes, regional and local dynamics, and strengthening the rule of law.

This paper notes that the rapid rate of demographic change in the United States of America population means that librarians must integrate Spanish language materials into their collections now if they have not already done so. It attempts to compile a current collection of high quality resources that will assist librarians in their Spanish language collection building. The paper takes an inclusive perspective and no distinction is made between Chicano, Puerto Rican, Filipino, and other geographic or cultural sub‐groups of Spanish speakers.

In recent decades, a significant number of research contributions have been made to the intersection of digital technologies and the tourism industry. However, a thorough examination of digitalization and digital transformation in the tourism industry has not been given sufficient consideration. This study aims to provide a bibliometric review of digitalization and digital transformation research in the tourism industry and devise future research agendas to advance the research field.

This study uses the Scientific Procedures and Rationales for Systematic Literature Reviews (SPAR-4-SLR) protocol and a bibliometric analysis to examine the research progress and scientifically map the research domain of digitalization and digital transformation in the tourism industry from 2002 to 2023 using bibliographic data retrieved from the Scopus and Web of Science.

This study presents the trends in publications and citations within the digitalization and digital transformation research domain in tourism. The findings also provide insights into the four primary clusters of the research field: digital innovation, smart tourism ecosystem, eTourism and smart destination experience. To further augment the application of digital transformation, this study offers several recommendations for future research on digitalization and digital transformation of the tourism industry.

This study provides valuable implications to researchers, managers and policymakers seeking to understand the current state and future research directions in tourism’s digitalization and digital transformation research field.

This study advances the research field of digitalization and digital transformation in the tourism industry by thoroughly examining the primary research clusters in the research corpus of the past two decades. Furthermore, it guides future research, thereby setting the stage for further progress in this domain.

近几十年来, 数字技术与旅游业的交叉领域做出了大量研究贡献。 然而, 对旅游业数字化和数字化转型的深入审视尚未得到充分考虑。本研究旨在对旅游业数字化和数字化转型研究进行文献计量回顾, 并制定未来的研究议程以推进该研究领域的发展。

本研究利用系统文献综述的科学程序和原理（SPAR-4-SLR）协议和文献计量分析来检验研究进展并科学地绘制旅游业数字化和数字化转型的研究领域 使用从 Scopus 和 Web of Science (WOS) 检索到的书目数据从 2002 年到 2023 年。

本研究呈现了旅游业数字化和数字化转型研究领域出版物和引用的趋势。 研究结果还提供了对该研究领域的四个主要集群的见解：数字创新、智能旅游生态系统、电子旅游和智能目的地体验。 为了进一步增强数字化转型的应用, 本研究为旅游业数字化和数字化转型的未来研究提出了几点建议。

本研究通过深入研究过去二十年研究语料库中的主要研究集群, 推进了旅游业数字化和数字化转型的研究领域。 此外, 它指导了未来的研究, 从而为该领域的进一步进展奠定了基础。

本研究为寻求了解旅游业数字化和数字化转型研究领域现状和未来研究方向的研究人员、管理者和政策制定者提供了有价值的启示。

En las últimas décadas, se ha realizado un número significativo de contribuciones de investigación a la intersección de las tecnologías digitales y la industria del turismo. Sin embargo, no se ha prestado suficiente atención a un examen exhaustivo de la digitalización y la transformación digital en la industria del turismo. Este estudio tiene como objetivo proporcionar una revisión bibliométrica de la investigación sobre digitalización y transformación digital en la industria del turismo y diseñar futuras agendas de investigación para avanzar en el campo de la investigación.

Este estudio utiliza el protocolo de Procedimientos y fundamentos científicos para revisiones sistemáticas de la literatura (SPAR-4-SLR) y un análisis bibliométrico para examinar el progreso de la investigación y mapear científicamente el dominio de investigación de la digitalización y la transformación digital en la industria del turismo. de 2002 a 2023 utilizando datos bibliográficos recuperados de Scopus y Web of Science (WOS).

Este estudio presenta las tendencias en publicaciones y citas dentro del dominio de investigación sobre digitalización y transformación digital en turismo. Los hallazgos también brindan información sobre los cuatro grupos principales del campo de investigación: innovación digital, ecosistema de turismo inteligente, turismo electrónico y experiencia de destino inteligente. Para aumentar aún más la aplicación de la transformación digital, este estudio ofrece varias recomendaciones para futuras investigaciones sobre la digitalización y la transformación digital de la industria turística.

Este estudio avanza en el campo de investigación de la digitalización y la transformación digital en la industria del turismo al examinar en profundidad los principales grupos de investigación en el corpus de investigación de las últimas dos décadas. Además, orienta la investigación futura, sentando así las bases para mayores avances en este ámbito.

Este estudio proporciona implicaciones valiosas para los investigadores, administradores y formuladores de políticas que buscan comprender el estado actual y las direcciones futuras de la investigación en el campo de la digitalización y la transformación digital del turismo.

Every day a large volume of information is generated in the maintenance department relating to its business assets whose detailed analysis has a direct impact on the effectiveness of the company. Taking into account the aforementioned, it is necessary to develop and implement a set of indicators that allow a practical evaluation of the maintenance function in any firm. Therefore, the purpose of this paper is to evaluate the maintenance function through a thorough analysis of historical data of a biotechnology sector firm.

The method used to evaluate the maintenance function of a Cuban company is based on the quantification of a set of indicators, represented graphically. The data processed in this paper were obtained through an informatics application, designed to computerize the maintenance function in the firm. This application is validated and is part of the company quality management system, which is audited every two years by the national regulatory authority CECMED (Centro para el Control Estatal de Medicamentos, Equipos y Dispositivos Médicos de Cuba, by its Spanish acronym), for issuing the certificates of sanitary license and good manufacturing practices.

Evidence-based control alternatives were used to evaluate the adequacy of the maintenance function in a biotechnology company. The results demonstrate graphically the maintenance operations of the National Center for Scientific Research, production department, during a period from January 2013 to December 2017. Finally, based on the analysis, it was discovered that the performance of the maintenance department was inadequate and had poor effectiveness, and a new maintenance strategy was established to be followed for the next quinquennium.

The research proposal provides information on how to evaluate the proactive and reactive maintenance actions through graphical indicators. The results obtained together with traditional maintenance indicators such as availability, maintainability and reliability could be interesting to technicians or engineers who decide to evaluate directly the effectiveness of a maintenance department.