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Book part
Publication date: 28 September 2020

ER Use among Older Adult RHC Medicare Beneficiaries in the Southeastern United States

Matt T. Bagwell and Thomas T. H. Wan

Purpose – This study analyzed individual factors of race and dual eligibility on emergency room (ER) utilization of older adult Medicare patients treated by RHCs in CMS…

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Abstract

Purpose – This study analyzed individual factors of race and dual eligibility on emergency room (ER) utilization of older adult Medicare patients treated by RHCs in CMS Region 4.

Methodology/approach – A prospective, longitudinal design was employed to analyze health disparities that potentially exist among RHC Medicare beneficiary patients (+65) in terms of ER use. The years of investigation were 2010 through 2012, using mixed multilevel, binary logistic regression.

Findings – This study found that dual eligible RHC patients utilized ER services at higher rates than nondual eligible, Medicare only RHC patients at: 77%, 80%, and 66%, in 2010, 2011, and 2012, respectively; and above the White reference group, Black RHC Medicare patients utilized ER services at higher rates of: 18%, 20%, and 34%, in 2010, 2011, and 2012, respectively.

Research limitations/implications – Regarding limitations, cohort data observations within the window of 3 years were only analyzed; regarding generalizability, in different CMS regions, results will likely vary; and linking other variables together in the study was limited by the accessible data. Future research should consider these limitations, and attempt to refine. The findings support that dual Medicare and Medicaid eligibility, as a proxy measure of socioeconomic status, and race continue to influence higher rates of ER utilization in CMS Region 4.

Originality/value – In terms of ER utilization disparities, persistently, as recent as 2012, Black, dual eligible RHC Medicare beneficiary patients age 65 years and over may be twice as likely to utilize ER services for care than their counterparts in the Southeastern United States.

Details

Race, Ethnicity, Gender and Other Social Characteristics as Factors in Health and Health Care Disparities
Type: Book
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1108/S0275-495920200000038008
ISBN: 978-1-83982-798-3

Keywords

  • Health disparities
  • ER utilization
  • older adults
  • rural health
  • medicare
  • individual factors

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Article
Publication date: 1 June 2015

Information literacy of students as a correlate of their use of electronic resources in university libraries in Nigeria

Ngozi Blessing Ukachi

The purpose of this paper is to determine the relationship existing between undergraduate students’ information literacy skills and their use of electronic resources (ERs…

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Abstract

Purpose

The purpose of this paper is to determine the relationship existing between undergraduate students’ information literacy skills and their use of electronic resources (ERs) located in university libraries in Nigeria.

Design/methodology/approach

The descriptive design was adopted for the research questions, while the correlational design was adopted for the hypothesis. The purposive sampling technique was also adopted in selecting 12 university libraries which the preliminary study had revealed that they have Internet access and also subscribe to ERs in the south-west geopolitical zone in Nigeria. Questionnaire and oral interview were used for data collection. The population size consists of all the 36,116 library-registered undergraduate students in the 12 universities, while the sample size is 1,806 (5 per cent of the population) and the 12 librarians heading the ERs sections of the libraries.

Findings

The findings revealed that ERs are not adequately utilized, undergraduate students do not possess adequate information literacy skills necessary for optimal utilization of the libraries’ ERs and strong positive correlation between level of undergraduate students’ information literacy skill and their use of ERs provided in the library.

Practical implications

This paper provides practical insights into the impact of possessing inadequate information literacy skills on the use of ERs.

Originality/value

This paper is the first to relate undergraduate students’ information literacy skills and their use of libraries’ ERs in south-western zone of Nigeria.

Details

The Electronic Library, vol. 33 no. 3
Type: Research Article
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1108/EL-05-2013-0085
ISSN: 0264-0473

Keywords

  • Internet
  • University libraries
  • Information literacy
  • Electronic resources
  • Electronic libraries
  • Undergraduate students

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Article
Publication date: 1 September 1996

A priority queuing model to reduce waiting times in emergency care

Kris Siddharthan, Walter J. Jones and James A. Johnson

Investigates the increased waiting time costs imposed on society due to inappropriate use of the emergency department by patients seeking non‐emergency or primary care…

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Abstract

Investigates the increased waiting time costs imposed on society due to inappropriate use of the emergency department by patients seeking non‐emergency or primary care. Proposes a simple economic model to illustrate the effect of this misuse at a public or not‐for‐profit hospital. Provides evidence that non‐emergency patients contribute to lengthy delays in the ER for all classes of patients. Proposes a priority queuing model to reduce average waiting times.

Details

International Journal of Health Care Quality Assurance, vol. 9 no. 5
Type: Research Article
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1108/09526869610124993
ISSN: 0952-6862

Keywords

  • Costs
  • Emergency services
  • Queuing time

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Book part
Publication date: 16 October 2014

A Business Planning Model to Identify New Safety Net Clinic Locations

James Langabeer, Jeffrey Helton, Jami DelliFraine, Ebbin Dotson, Carolyn Watts and Karen Love

Community health clinics serving the poor and underserved are geographically expanding due to changes in U.S. health care policy. This paper describes the experience of a…

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Abstract

Purpose

Community health clinics serving the poor and underserved are geographically expanding due to changes in U.S. health care policy. This paper describes the experience of a collaborative alliance of health care providers in a large metropolitan area who develop a conceptual and mathematical decision model to guide decisions on expanding its network of community health clinics.

Design/methodology/approach

Community stakeholders participated in a collaborative process that defined constructs they deemed important in guiding decisions on the location of community health clinics. This collaboration also defined key variables within each construct. Scores for variables within each construct were then totaled and weighted into a community-specific optimal space planning equation. This analysis relied entirely on secondary data available from published sources.

Findings

The model built from this collaboration revolved around the constructs of demand, sustainability, and competition. It used publicly available data defining variables within each construct to arrive at an optimal location that maximized demand and sustainability and minimized competition.

Practical implications

This is a model that safety net clinic planners and community stakeholders can use to analyze demographic and utilization data to optimize capacity expansion to serve uninsured and Medicaid populations.

Originality/value

Communities can use this innovative model to develop a locally relevant clinic location-planning framework.

Details

Population Health Management in Health Care Organizations
Type: Book
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1108/S1474-823120140000016005
ISBN: 978-1-78441-197-8

Keywords

  • Community health planning
  • community health centers
  • medically uninsured
  • community health services

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Article
Publication date: 2 October 2017

The use of electronic resources by undergraduate students at the University of Venda, South Africa

Tintswalo Pascalis Tlakula and Madeleine Fombad

This paper aims to establish the level of use of the electronic resources at the University of Venda, which is one of the previously disadvantaged universities in South…

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Abstract

Purpose

This paper aims to establish the level of use of the electronic resources at the University of Venda, which is one of the previously disadvantaged universities in South Africa. It identifies the different electronic resources used at the university, determines the level of awareness and training in the use of these resources and suggests ways in which electronic resources may be enhanced. The rapid changes in the information and communication technology (ICTs) have influenced service delivery in academic libraries in terms of how information is gathered, accessed, retrieved and used. Hence, electronic resources are invaluable research tools in academic libraries in the twenty-first century.

Design/methodology/approach

A qualitative research methodology was adopted, and semi-structured interviews were conducted with each participant to get in-depth information. The target population was all third-year students registered with the School of Human and Social Sciences at the University of Venda. The third year undergraduate students from this particular school where chosen because statistics revealed that these students where ranked among the top in the use of computers.

Findings

The findings revealed that the level of usage of these resources by undergraduate students is elementary and limited to SABINET and EBSCO host. Undergraduate student’s level of awareness of the different electronic resources is low. They confused electronic resources to Web-based internet sources. It also revealed that the level of awareness and training in the use of these resources is still generic, as training is mostly a once off orientation at the first year.

Research limitations/implications

This paper focuses on third year undergraduate students who were using computers because the researchers were interested in finding out whether students using computers were also using electronic resources. It excluded other profiles such as age, gender and computer usage behaviour of electronic resources.

Practical implications

Adequate use and knowledge of electronic resources at universities is instrumental towards realisation of the country’s ICT Strategy and the outcome-based education (OBE) model of teaching movement. Suggestions are made to the university, the university library, university librarians and the Library Association of South Africa on how to enhance the use of electronic resources.

Originality/value

It establishes the level of use of electronic resources in one of South African historically disadvantaged universities, a point of contact to other previously South African disadvantaged universities and make suggestions on how electronic resources may be enhanced. It adds to the body of knowledge on the use of electronic resources in academic libraries in South African universities.

Details

The Electronic Library, vol. 35 no. 5
Type: Research Article
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1108/EL-06-2016-0140
ISSN: 0264-0473

Keywords

  • Academic libraries
  • Qualitative research
  • South Africa
  • Students
  • Education
  • Electronic resources
  • Information and communication technology
  • Disadvantaged universities
  • Outcome based education
  • University of Venda

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Article
Publication date: 1 September 1997

Re‐engineering hospital emergency rooms: an information system approach

Reuven R. Levary

The efficiency and effectiveness of hospital emergency rooms depend on the effectiveness of the information and communication system as well as on the physical facility…

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Abstract

The efficiency and effectiveness of hospital emergency rooms depend on the effectiveness of the information and communication system as well as on the physical facility itself. Describes the role of information technology in the design of contemporary ER systems. A computerized information board is one system that can enhance the operation of an ER facility. Describes the structure of this system, as well as its integration with other computerized systems. Also describes design features that may help to reduce ER delays/frustration. Because many types of professionals are involved in the daily operations of an ER facility, their input to the design is essential. For this reason, also describes a group decision‐making process.

Details

International Journal of Health Care Quality Assurance, vol. 10 no. 5
Type: Research Article
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1108/09526869710174159
ISSN: 0952-6862

Keywords

  • Decision making
  • Design
  • Group discussions
  • Hospitals
  • Information systems

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Article
Publication date: 1 July 2005

Stock option plans in EuroStoxx 50 companies

Rutger Muurling and Thorsten Lehnert

Employee Stock Options are the most widely used incentive compensation tool, and prior research has shown their advantages. However, research among different peer groups…

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Abstract

Employee Stock Options are the most widely used incentive compensation tool, and prior research has shown their advantages. However, research among different peer groups, different time frames, different research methodologies, and the constantly changing public opinion prevents unanimous agreements on the various benefits of Employee Stock Options. In this paper we apply a number of research hypotheses tested in recent US studies to a European sample of EuroStoxx 50 companies. Due to the globalisation, the similar accounting regulations and the IT and telecommunications revolu tions, Europe and the United States have grown closer together than ever before and are expected to display similar business practices. This assessment should be especially relevant for the large European companies, which mostly have a dual listing in the United States and are therefore essentially forced to manage according to American practices. How ever, the results differ significantly from the existing US research, providing insufficient grounds to accept previous findings for European companies.

Details

Managerial Finance, vol. 31 no. 7
Type: Research Article
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1108/03074350510769758
ISSN: 0307-4358

Keywords

  • Employee stock options
  • Compensation

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Article
Publication date: 30 October 2020

Designing connection into healthcare services

Leonard L. Berry

The purpose of this article is to highlight the importance of the foundational construct of “connection” in linking design and service in performing vital functions in the…

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Abstract

Purpose

The purpose of this article is to highlight the importance of the foundational construct of “connection” in linking design and service in performing vital functions in the healthcare sector. “Connection” facilitates patients receiving life-saving and life-improving care at the right time, in the right place, in the right way.

Design/methodology/approach

This article discusses various design-improvement initiatives making clear that healthcare, like any labor-intensive service delivered to people, is a human endeavor whose systems and features can be materially and cleverly enhanced once their intricacies are analyzed, understood and then redesigned to move closer to excellence.

Findings

By designing connection into healthcare and thinking holistically about the needs and preferences of users (patients), the functionality and the appeal of healthcare services can be enhanced.

Originality/value

The gap between the service that healthcare aims to deliver – and what it actually delivers – is unacceptably large. This article calls for incorporating connection through design into healthcare as a way to bridge this gap.

Details

Journal of Service Management, vol. 31 no. 5
Type: Research Article
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1108/JOSM-01-2020-0026
ISSN: 1757-5818

Keywords

  • Healthcare
  • Design thinking
  • Connection
  • Collaboration

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Book part
Publication date: 31 October 2017

Homeless Demography in Los Angeles County

Hugo Aguas

This is a demographical exploration of a wide variety of topics, which are as follows: gender, race, age, employment, substance abuse, mental illness, physical illness…

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Abstract

This is a demographical exploration of a wide variety of topics, which are as follows: gender, race, age, employment, substance abuse, mental illness, physical illness, veteran status, government assistance, physical & sexual abuse, hunger, and space. All of these topics were explored in conjuncture to ascertain who the homeless are. To explore this topic, data from LAHSA (Los Angeles Homeless Services Authority) was utilized to calculate demographical aspects of the homeless population with a raw sample of 4,852. I coded this data to further find insight among the population. Throughout this study it was found that nearly 60% of the homeless population in Los Angeles County are unemployed, 50% of the population have been incarcerated, a third of the population is homeless by age 20, a quarter of the population are women, and a third don’t utilize government assistance programs.

Details

Environmental Criminology
Type: Book
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1108/S2051-503020170000020005
ISBN: 978-1-78743-377-9

Keywords

  • Homeless
  • demography
  • Los Angeles
  • marginalization
  • deviance
  • poverty

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Book part
Publication date: 28 September 2020

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Race, Ethnicity, Gender and Other Social Characteristics as Factors in Health and Health Care Disparities
Type: Book
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1108/S0275-495920200000038004
ISBN: 978-1-83982-798-3

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