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The presence of incompatibility errors in design information is a major problem for the construction industry. An analysis of the generation and documentation process of this information reveals that propagation of design changes constitutes a main source for incompatibilities. The large amount of design data that is generated within the typically multidisciplinary design environment makes coordinating this information a very challenging task. Adding to the challenge is the fact that the involved design disciplines are, in most cases, spatially separated. This paper presents a developed architecture for an information model that aims to use the Internet technology to overcome this problem. The approach to develop the model is not to automate the currently used coordination techniques, rather to re‐engineer these techniques using the unique capabilities of computers and the Internet over those of humans. The model contains as well a component that enables the generation of customizable and multimedia construction documents. Such type of documents present many advantages over paper‐based documents and may ultimately replace them.

This paper aims to develop an efficient and accurate numerical method that can be used in the design process of the waterways in a hydropower plant.

A range of recently published (2002‐2006) works, which aim to form the basis of a shape optimization tool for flow design and to increase the knowledge within the field of computational fluid dynamics (CFD) and surrogate‐based optimization techniques.

Provides information about how crude the optimization method can be regarding, for example, the design variables, the numerical noise and the multi objectives, etc.

It does not give a detailed interpretation of the flow behaviour due to the lack of validation data.

A very useful flow design methodology that can be used in both academy and industry.

Shape optimization of hydraulic turbine draft tubes with aid of CFD and numerical optimization techniques has not been performed until recently due to the high CPU requirements on CFD simulations. The paper investigates the possibilities of using the global optimization algorithm response surface methodology in the design process of a full scale hydraulic turbine draft tube.

The advent of the COVID-19 pandemic brought various and radical changes at the worldwide level. Globally, severe preventive measures were imposed to respond to the crisis such as lockdowns which forced the people to quarantine themselves inside their houses for longer periods. This issue stressed the crucial role of healthy houses in providing the various needs of residents during crises.

This study methodology adopted both inductive approach and a Study Application Model to define the Healthy House Criteria and fulfill the study objectives. Under the inductive approach a holistic literature review was undertaken while the Study Application Model implied defining the conception of the overall Criteria of the Healthy House's interior design under the COVID-19.

The finding of the study showed some areas needed to improve current healthy house's criteria in terms of its interior design that may be used to cope with potential crises such as the COVID-19. Based on the revealed findings, the researcher suggested a conceptual framework for healthy house's criteria and further research areas.

The current research may provide applicable framework for both interior designers and households in terms of how to design and implement a healthy house, which is valid to accommodate residents during potential crises such as the COVID-19.

This paper revisits the concept of compatibility between old and new architecture to clarify its meaning.

Document analysis is employed to critically review relevant literature, including Charters and UNESCO Recommendations.

Visual and/or tangible indicators such as forms and materials are often suggested in the literature to determine compatibility and to inform decision makers whether new architectural projects should reproduce, or reinterpret, or rather contrast with, historic buildings in situ. As a consequence, compatible design becomes confined to a visual, object-based, worldview. Yet, architecture transcends the sense of vision.

Examples of architectural projects are given to explain each design option, but are not thoroughly described. Still, this paper provides a useful reference for future dialogue and research that aim at reducing the conservation vs development struggle in historic places, whether urban areas or entire cities, such as World Heritage Cities.

The lessons learned may stimulate reflection on the effectiveness of design criteria and other tools in guiding decision makers in their search for, and assessment of, compatibility.

This paper reveals that compatibility is an evolving concept, associated with human, man-made and natural indicators. Design options are not simply aesthetic categories. The author proposes that the selection of a design option for new architecture should follow the process that guides the selection of a conservation treatment for old architecture.

This paper aims to demonstrate that learners prefer brain-compatible cyber security educational material, over traditional presentation methods.

A prototype brain-compatible cyber security educational system was evaluated using a survey as a research instrument.

Presenting cyber security material in a brain-compatible manner is an effective way in which to stimulate the learners’ interest, engages them in the learning experience and motivates them to learn.

As far as could be determined, no previous studies showed the relevance of brain-compatible pedagogical techniques to cyber security education.

The staircase effect and support structure under overhanging geometry are two inherent weaknesses that reduces the surface quality and induces material waste. This paper aims to design a five-axis fused deposition modeling system with interference-free nozzle to solve the problems.

To facilitate the application of five-axis printing machine, three new printing methods are proposed according to different geometries and application requirements, which include tangential direction printing, normal sculpture printing and compatible printing.

The static flow beading characteristic is researched to establish the criterion for switching the mode between three-axis printing and five-axis printing. Experiment proves the critical point existing and 51° is the critical point at the given parameters. The concept of dynamic flow beading is proposed. The relationship between equivalent volume and roughness is established based on elaborate experiments, which helps to figure out the boundary between safe area and beading area under different parameters of layer thickness and nozzle diameter.

Three new printing methods are proposed according to different geometries and application requirements, which include tangential direction printing, normal sculpture printing and compatible printing. Considering the special movement situation during five-axis printing process, the dynamic flow beading issue is proposed. The relationship between equivalent volume and roughness is established based on elaborate experiments, which helps to figure out the boundary between safe area and beading area under different parameters of layer thickness and nozzle diameter.

To better respond to today’s volatile and changing fashion market, the purpose of this paper is to develop a web-based design support system that enables users to design realistic and interesting skirts in the form of technical sketches over the internet.

The proposed system mainly consists of a sketch representation and composing method (SRCM), a graphic user interface (GUI) and a controller. The SRCM is implemented at the server end that generates technical sketches according to user defined parameters and features via the web-based GUI at the client side. The controller manages the workflows between the server and the clients.

To evaluate the effectiveness of the proposed system, a survey was conducted by inviting 30 subjects (professional designers or undergraduate students studying fashion design) to have trial run of the system in Hong Kong and in the USA. Positive comments and feedbacks were received, and valuable suggestions were also obtained in regard to the prototype system.

Compared with traditional computer-aided design (CAD) systems, the proposed system is more effective and easier to operate as users can create technical sketches in accurate proportions with simple computer operations in a few mouse clicks. Besides, the output sketches are fully compatible with most commercial CAD software. The system is developed based on web technologies, thus fashion sketches can be easily designed using any computer connected to the internet; it can be implemented on Android or iOS platform in the future.

The purpose of this paper is to explore the researches reported in literature on agile manufacturing (AM) and determine the avenues by which agility can be imparted in traditional sectors.

After reviewing the literature on AM, it has been found that these papers address AM along as many as 12 directions. The findings of this review are used to design a model called total agile design system (TADS).

The major finding of the exploration reported in this paper is that, the need of the hour is to sensitize the traditional sectors for acquiring design capabilities compatible for imbibing agility in totality.

The TADS model proposed has been reviewed only by 25 industry captains. However, this may not affect the credibility of this model as it is designed by referring to a large number of researches reported in peer reviewed articles appeared in leading international journals.

After designing, TADS was exposed to 25 industry captains. Their feedback was gathered using a questionnaire. The results of analysis of their feedback indicates the practical compatibility of TADS.

It appears that no researcher has identified the different directions in which AM researches have progressed. Moreover, no researcher has contributed a model to adopt computer aided design (CAD)/computer aided manufacturing (CAM) and rapid prototyping (RP) technologies in totality to achieve agility in manufacturing organisations. As this paper has overcome the absence of these kinds of researches, it is original and valuable.

In August 1987, the EPA held a conference in Washington DC with consultants and users from the electronics industry to determine the feasibility of practical cleaning alternatives to reduce emissions of chlorofluorocarbon solvents which are considered to be a major contributor to the ozone problem in the stratosphere the world over. This paper presents a short resume of these goals and how they will affect cleaning in the electronics industry. Electronic design and packaging are the first steps in the soldering and cleaning processes. Selection of components compatible with alternative cleaning methods as well as process changes to permit low solids fluxes in some cases where cleaning can be eliminated will be discussed. ‘High containment’ in‐line solvent cleaning systems which reduce emissions are likely to become the new standard for the industry. Machines will become longer in order to include internal drying stages, instead of allowing a board with residual solvent trapped under components to evaporate after it leaves the machine prior to electronic test. Alternative solvents will become available. Designers of components and assemblies will respecify their designs to permit water cleaning, even for surface mount assemblies.

To present a combination of Bluetooth handoff techniques and scatternet formation to adapt to varying topologies and traffic changes.

Through ad hoc networking with Bluetooth, devices could participate in multiple piconets, which form the scatternet. Although the details of scatternet implementation are not specified in the Bluetooth specification, much research has been carried out to propose different models of implementation. This paper presents a combination of the techniques of handoff and scatternet formation to adapt to varying topologies and traffic changes. Analysis of network performance is presented to confirm the feasibility of real implementation.

Provides a novel and practical design, compatible with Bluetooth specification, which is shown by experimental results to be an efficient design in providing a scatternet formation approach, while at the same time maintaining a low data error rate to support data and voice.

This paper presents Bluetooth handoff and scatternet formation techniques to extend geographical coverage and increase system capacity with adaptation to varying topologies and traffic changes. The techniques presented are compatible with Bluetooth specifications 1.0, 1.1 and 1.2.