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A striking feature of Jaques' work is his “no nonsense” attitude to the “manager‐subordinate” relationship. His blunt account of the origins of this relationship seems at first sight to place him in the legalistic “principles of management” camp rather than in the ranks of the subtler “people centred” schools. We shall see before long how misleading such first impressions can be, for Jaques is not making simplistic assumptions about the human psyche. But he certainly sees no point in agonising over the mechanism of association which brings organisations and work‐groups into being when the facts of life are perfectly straightforward and there is no need to be squeamish about them.

Discusses the difficulties of measuring, defining and managing capacity; and develops a model which splits it into two components (resource and ability) plus several sub‐components, and recognizes the interfaces between them. Illustrates and defines the sub‐components and identifies three states of capacity loading: resource‐loaded (over‐resourced), ability‐loaded (e.g. over‐qualified staff) and even‐capacity (i.e. resources compatible with ability). Asserts that the relative capacities of firms within an industry form a “capacity curve” with ability‐loaded small firms, medium firms at even capacity and large firms resource‐loaded. Analyses 1994‐1997 data for the US electronics and electrical equipment industry to plot its capacity curve, explains the methodology used, and shows how the regression model can be applied to individual firms within the industry to improve capacity management. Recognizes the limitations of the study.

The purpose of this paper is to discuss the calculation problem of the real carrying capacity of slewing bearings. The selection of slewing bearing to heavy-duty machine according to catalogue carrying capacity and also according to locally determined real carrying capacity is insufficient and it can be the cause of the damage of machine during exploitation.

The concepts of the local, total and general capacities is defined. The general capacity is a logical product of the local capacities. It is particularly useful in an analysis of slewing bearings incorporated into machines with complex structures. The FEM is applied in computations. The formation method of the mathematical model of a bearing is presented.

The computations of the local capacities and general capacity of a bearing for the limiting load of the bearing traces and the limiting tension of the bolts fastening the bearing were carried out. Considerations were illustrated by an example of the bearing of a mobile crane.

The paper presented in the methodology of the calculation of general bearing carrying capacity and the obtained results of calculations can be used already by designers of bearings and machine engines to elimination of the potential damages of machine on the stage of projecting.

The general capacity of a bearing into machines with complex and irregulars structure is considerably lower than the bearing catalogue capacity and then the local teal capacity. The reasons for the differences between the catalogue capacity and the general capacity of slewing bearings were given.

The purpose of this paper is to derive the one-dimensional governing equations to describe the pressure distribution, load capacity and stiffness of aerostatic circular thrust bearing with a single air supply inlet.

The film flow field is divided into four regions: supply pressure region, pressure dropping region, pressure rising region and laminar flow region. The influences of bearing clearance and supply pressure on the pressure distribution, load capacity and stiffness of the bearing are presented.

With the large film clearance and large supply pressure, the oblique shock wave occurs near the entrance of gas film, which greatly increases the pressure drop region. Hence, it is not appropriate to consider the oblique shock as a normal shock.

This paper introduces the invariants at the entrance of gas film, employs the functional relationships between density and pressure, and provides the empirical formulas for the pressure dropping and rising regions. The pressure distribution curves are therefore illustrated through a considerably simplified computational process.

In this study, the application of a novel combined steel curved damper (SCD) and steel plate shear wall (SPSW) system in the 5-, 10- and 15-storey steel moment-resisting frames (SMR) subjected to earthquake excitation has been investigated. The proposed system is called here as the SMR-WD (steel moment resisting–wall damper).

At the beginning of this research, an SMR-W and an SMR-D are separately modeled in ABAQUS software and verified against the available experimental data. After that, three different heights SMR-WD systems (5-, 10- and 15-storey) are designed and simulated. Then, their performances are examined and compared to the corresponding SMR-W under the effects of six actual earthquake records.

The obtained results show that the proposed system increases the mean values of the base shear for 5-, 10- and 15-storey SMR-WD equal to 27, 20.15 and 16.51%, respectively compared to the corresponding SMR-W. Moreover, this system reduces the drift of the floors so that the reduction in the average values of maximum drift for 5-, 10- and 15-storey SMR-WD is equal to 10, 7 and 29%, respectively with respect to the corresponding SMR-W. The results also reveal that the considered system dissipates more energy than SMR-W so that the increase in the mean values of the energy absorption for 5-, 10- and 15-storey SMR-WD is 30.8, 25.6 and 41.3%, respectively when compared to the SMR-W. Furthermore, it is observed that SMR-WD has a positive effect on the seismic performance of the link beams and panel zones of the frames. By increasing the height of the structure in the SMR-WD, the energy dissipation and base shear force increases and the drift of floors decreases. Hereupon, the proposed SMR-WD system is more useful for tall buildings than SMR-W frames.

For the first time, the application of a novel combined steel curved damper (SCD) and steel plate shear wall (SPSW) system in the 5-, 10- and 15-storey steel moment-resisting frames (SMR) subjected to earthquake excitation has been investigated.

IN recent times, jet thrust has been used in aircraft by two different methods, depending on the practical possibilities and design con‐siderations (1) by means of a capacity‐type manifold connecting several cylinders in an engine and (2) by means of separate reaction‐type exhaust pipes, fitted one to each cylinder.

Weddings in India have become more extravagant in recent years. The ostentation goes well with the food also. Hundreds of varieties and great stock of food served making it a wasteful affair which would lead to the unsustainable demand for the natural resources. The purpose of this paper is to link the stock-induced consumption phenomenon with food waste generation in Indian weddings.

This study begins with the identification of the factors which would be responsible to make the food consumption stock-induced. A system dynamics (SD) model is developed using SD software STELLA (version 10.0) to assess the amount of stock-induced food waste. The impact of the factors on this waste is analyzed and estimation is made about the financial implications of this waste. Different scenarios have been analyzed to arrive at a most desirable scenario in the Indian context. Finally, the paper provides the recommendations for managerial implications to prevent the potential disastrous consequences of this waste.

A rigorous simulation analysis was conducted for different food-serving scenarios. The outcome of SD analysis shows that an enormous amount of food is wasted in the form of stock-induced consumption and dustbin waste. Impact analysis of factors on waste generation reveals that food wastage in marriages is entirely a behavioral phenomenon and can be controlled by exercising self and enforced behavioral control measures. Waste cost estimation gives an insight about the severity of the topic for policy making.

The study has a very high social relevance and facilitates decision makers to take required actions to mitigate the stock-induced food waste in marriages. The study conducted will encourage the researchers to use SD in analyzing complex systems for quantitative estimations.

To the best of the authors’ knowledge, this is the first study that analyzes the food waste in Indian weddings in relation with the huge stock served using SD. The study provides valuable insights in the direction to make the country food secure.

It is well known that the real behaviour of joints lies between the ideal pinned or rigid joint responses. Additionally the influence of this behaviour on the global structural response has been widely studied in the past centred on the plastic resistance or the critical load. On the other hand, there are relatively few studies focusing on the dynamical response of these structures. This paper aims to discuss these issues.

Two types of structures with rigid and semi-rigid joints were considered. Their inelastic response was evaluated using the N2 conventional pushover method, and were later compared to the results from a full non-linear dynamic analysis.

The results indicated that increasing joint flexibility makes the structure less rigid, lengthening its fundamental period and enhancing its horizontal displacement. Furthermore, a parametric study showed that joint flexibility might be of paramount importance to low to medium rise buildings response.

The evaluation of the influence of joint flexibility on the inelastic behaviour of steel structures located in seismic zone is of paramount importance, and is tackled in this paper.

The paper aims to present an advanced 2 D transient heat transfer analysis capable of accounting for the effect of spalling in terms of amount, location and time. The model accounts for moving thermal boundary conditions to comply with the changing member cross section. The discussed numerical model provides a tool to quantify the effect of spalling on the flexural capacity of reinforced concrete beams.

The implementation of the presented numerical model in an in-house code and its validation has been discussed. The thermal subroutine has been sequentially coupled with the mechanical subroutine (sectional-analysis) to compute the variation of sectional moment carrying capacity with exposure time.

The temperatures predicted while considering spalling were in good agreement with experiments available in literature. The presented results also emphasise the importance of considering the time of spalling. The results also show that the fire rating of simply supported beams is also affected by spalling in the compression zone.

It should be acknowledged that the model does not predict spalling, rather is developed as a tool to study the effect of spalling. The model takes the information related to spalling in terms of the location, amount and time, as user input.

The paper quantitatively presents the effect of spalling on the predicted temperature variation across the beam cross section and the moment carrying capacity.

This paper focuses on the management of the learning curve in overseas capacity expansions. The purpose of this paper is to unravel the direct as well as indirect influences on the learning curve and to advance the understanding of how these affect its management.

The paper builds on the offshoring, capacity expansion and learning curve literature. The existing scholarship often lacks detailed insights into the factors surrounding the globalisation of production, and how constructing and operationalising new capacities overseas should be implemented. The paper employs qualitative methodology and draws on a longitudinal, factory-level analysis of an in-depth case study of a Danish wind turbine manufacturer.

This study goes beyond a simplistic treatment of the lead time and learning required to establish a new capacity. The authors examined the dimensions of the learning process involved in a capacity expansion project and identified the direct and indirect labour influences on the production learning curve. On this basis, the study proposes solutions to managing learning curves in overseas capacity expansions. Furthermore, the paper concludes with measures that have the potential to significantly reduce the non-value-added time when establishing new capacities overseas.

The paper uses a longitudinal in-depth case study of a Danish wind turbine manufacturer and goes beyond a simplistic treatment of the lead time and learning required to establish a new capacity.