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The purpose of this paper is to find out: strengths/weaknesses, environmental opportunities/threats encountered by traditional market; traditional market business position; and a proper business strategy to be applied by traditional market and its implication on the marketing strategy.

The population in this research was policy makers in Bali Province, in relation to the development and revitalization planning of traditional market, and traders doing their activity in a traditional market. The data analysis used internal and external strategic factor matrix (IE).

Key external strategic variables that pose both current and future threats are information technology, bargaining power with buyers and competitors. The key internal strategic variables which are included both present and future strengths are product quality, product variety offered, uniqueness of products offered, affordable product prices, bargaining process, strategic market location, service speed and vast parking lot. Based on the business position of the present Denpasar traditional market which is in quadrant V, while in the future it will be in quadrant II, the strategy properly applied is the proper competition strategy to be grown and built.

The research was only conducted to traditional markets in Bali, thus it cannot be generalized to wider areas, and this research used the survey method where the data collection process was done in a certain point of time or cross-section, whilst the environment would experience extra quick changes. Therefore, it is important to do this research in the future.

The originality for this paper shows the comprehensively development strategies, revitalization strategies in traditional market, by using strength weakness opportunity threat and IE matrix analysis, and research location which is conducted in Bali that has different tourist condition and potentials from other regions.

This study aims to explore how informal pawnbrokers and informal pawners interpret the existence of the informal pawnshop in the traditional market in Surakarta, Indonesia, with the main focus to determine the applicability of informal pawnshop development model.

The research used the qualitative method with the phenomenological approach using interview method to fully comprehend the informants’ views regarding the informal pawnshop existence in traditional markets in Surakarta, Indonesia. The applicability of informal pawnshop development model is required for Muslim market vendors. Charitable institutions shall participate in the development of the model by empowering (zakat, infaq, shadaqah and waqf) funds to help Muslims vendors in the traditional markets for additional capital in accordance with Islamic laws for a pawnshop.

The result of the research shows that the existence of informal pawning in the traditional markets is difficult to avoid as both informal pawnbrokers and informal pawners need one another. Most vendors in the traditional markets are Muslims. Islam teaches that loan interest is categorized as forbidden riba. Meanwhile, in the informal pawning practices, the informal pawnbrokers charge loan interest to the informal pawners.

The objective of this study is to investigate to what extent the Islamic pawn shops motivated the people through interest-free system. However, in past, tradition markets facilitate the people, but they charged a huge against it with interest (riba).

Traditional market revitalisation is an important policy designed to reduce unfair competition between traditional markets and modern businesses. This study aims to determine, analyse and illustrate the implementation of corporate governance principles so that traditional markets can be revived in accordance with the United Nations’ sustainable development goals (SDGs) program, with specific reference to the Yogyakarta Special Region.

The study relied on primary and secondary data sources. Data were collected through interviews, observations, analysis of documentation and review of the literature. The research was conducted in Yogyakarta Special Region, specifically Bantul Regency, Kranggan Market in Yogyakarta City, Sentolo Market in Kulonprogo Regency, Gentan Market in Sleman Regency and Argosari Market in Gunungkidul Regency. The data were analysed using the qualitative research method and a descriptive approach.

Traditional markets play a vital role in strengthening the national economy and preserving an old culture that reflects local traditions. Good collaboration between parties in the implementation of corporate governance is evident, despite market revitalisation proving to be highly costly. In some places market development has simply resulted in marginalising the old traders who cannot improve their livelihoods. Therefore, the revitalisation program of traditional markets must not only improve the facilities but all aspects of traditional markets.

To the best of the authors’ knowledge, this is an original study based on primary observation, and it has implications for all emerging economies where traditional markets are being replaced by modern markets.

Despite huge investments within the modern trade arena, Vietnam remains a traditional trade retailing country. The purpose of this paper is to establish the combined effects of motivation, store attributes and demographic factors on the predictive outcome of store format choice in Vietnam.

A logistic regression model is used to determine the effect of these factors on the predictive outcome of traditional markets or supermarkets in purchasing non-food products or processed food products.

The dichotomy between what supermarkets and traditional markets have to offer is simple but effective. Utilitarian-motivated shoppers are more likely to shop at traditional markets. They emphasize the need to buy products quickly, find a good price, with less travel time and hence lower travel costs. Hedonistic shoppers are motivated by feelings of happiness; they shop to relieve stress and to keep up with trends. Significant difference in store choice also exists between older and higher income shoppers.

Future research should examine the sociocultural dimensions of shopping at traditional stores by exploring how such shopping relates to, and is embedded in, the formation and changes of individual identity, especially in communities outside of Ho Chi Minh City where shoppers are almost entirely dependent on traditional stores.

Traditional stores have the benefit of convenient location and savings in both time and travel costs. These benefits are being eroded as supermarkets and transnational retail corporations establish new stores close to the traditional stores.

Shopping at traditional markets is part of the social culture and is embedded in individuals’ identity formation, despite increasing urbanization and shoppers’ higher incomes.

This study comprehensively explores the interactions between store choice and motivation, store attributes and demographic factors, taking into account contemporary and contextually relevant factors.

The purpose of this paper is to explore the dynamic influence of WTI crude oil returns on the stock returns of China’s traditional energy sectors, including oil and gas exploitation, coal mining and processing, petroleum processing and coking, electricity, heat production and supply and mining services.

Hong’s information spill-over test and the DP Granger causality test are applied to investigate the relationship between the two markets. Moreover, a rolling window is introduced into the above two tests to capture time-varying characteristics of the influence of WTI crude oil returns.

The empirical results indicate that, first, there exists significant bidirectional linear causality between WTI crude oil returns and China’s traditional energy sectoral stock returns, but the nonlinear causality appears weaker. Second, the influence of WTI crude oil returns on traditional energy sectoral stock returns has time-varying characteristics and industry heterogeneity both in the linear and nonlinear cases. Finally, the decline of WTI crude oil prices may strengthen its linear influence on the stock returns of traditional energy sectors, while the excessive rise of market values in traditional energy sectors may weaken the linear and nonlinear influence of WTI on them.

The general nexus between international crude oil market and China’s traditional energy stock market is explored both in the linear and nonlinear perspectives. In particular, the dynamic linear and nonlinear influence of WTI crude oil returns on China’s traditional energy sectoral stock returns and its industry heterogeneity are analysed in detail.

The purpose of this paper is to test the consumer‐perceived value of non‐traditional media, and the moderating effects of brand reputation, appropriateness and expense.

The approach takes the form of an experimental study of six (real) campaigns, manipulating media type and brand reputation (with appropriateness and expense measured within subjects).

Non‐traditional media enhance consumer‐perceived value. The effects are greater for low‐ than for high‐reputation brands. High‐reputation brands are more sensitive to the appropriateness and expense of the marketing. Consumer‐perceived value leads to higher purchase and word‐of‐mouth intentions.

The analysis of the mediating effects of consumer‐perceived value is exploratory and requires follow‐up. Being a first test of the effects of non‐traditional media, no discrimination was made between different types. This requires further attention.

The paper shows that non‐traditional media enhance the consumer‐perceived value of marketing, and suggests that consumer‐perceived value is important in generating purchase and word‐of‐mouth intentions. The approach also gives advice with respect to brand reputation, budget (expense) and appropriateness of marketing.

The paper is a first academic test of non‐traditional media/guerrilla marketing; it argues that marketing must generate consumer‐perceived value in order to be successful and finds support for this; and employs previously neglected (but highly current) variables such as appropriateness and expense. The paper is valuable in its high action‐orientation.

Many less developed countries depend on a few traditional commodities for their foreign exchange earnings. These exports are subject to the vagaries of the world commodity markets which have declined in the 1980s. To bolster their dwindling foreign sales, some emerging nations have sought to foster new, non‐traditional exports. We examine the experience of Jamaica in its identification and targeting of such products for export. The actions adopted by the public sector for increasing export‐led growth and the corollary reactions of the private sector are ancillary but key considerations because these, in turn, develop general strategies for exporting non‐traditional products.

The purpose of this paper is to analyse key determinants of Polish consumers’ loyalty, identified through the analysis of relationship marketing literature, with reference to traditional foodstuffs.

The paper's approach is a systematic review of the Web of Science, Ebsco and Pro-Quest electronic databases, from 1990 to 2014 as well as research results run by Polish and international research centres, groups and institutes. The paper focuses on two main aspects. One is connected with the development of traditional foodstuffs being a consequence of growing prosperity of the Polish society, and the emergence of consumers who rate quality, national/regional identity and own cultural values higher than the price. The other one is connected with key determinants of consumer loyalty towards traditional products. The paper uses secondary data, and presents research results run between Polish consumers of traditional food products. Attitudes and behaviour of Polish consumers of traditional products in relation to key determinants of loyalty, such as attitude towards the product, the level of satisfaction, trust, price sensitivity and frequency of purchase and willingness to do repeat purchase are identified in the paper.

According to the analysed research, almost 90 percent of the respondents positively perceive traditional products. The results of the research confirm positive and emotional attitudes of consumers towards traditional products. This emotional attachment, which is very important in creating loyalty among consumers, makes them buy traditional food. Polish consumers are satisfied with the taste of traditional products, which are also perceived as fresh and natural. Consumers rate the quality of traditional products highly and underline their positive influence on their and their families’ health. According to the research, Polish consumers pay little attention to geographical and quality indications, which are designed to build a trustworthy image of the products. Traditional products are perceived as expensive, which makes it difficult to build loyalty and affects the frequency of purchase. Almost 40 percent of the respondents buy traditional products once a month.

The research results presented in the paper have significant implications for management, that is producers and retailers of local food, in particular with regard to their future marketing effort. Producers and entrepreneurs should monitor behaviour of consumers of traditional food to adapt their offer to changing trends in order to create their loyalty. Consumers expect the products to be made of appropriate ingredients and production methods in order to keep their original taste and character. They also expect some product innovations and proper communication to become loyal.

The paper has significant implications for society. The process of building customer loyalty towards traditional products is important in the context of their quality of life and public attitude. Traditional foods are a part of culture and the identity of the population where they are produced. Therefore they carry a strong symbolic value for the customers. They are also perceived as healthy and nutritious products, containing a lot of vitamins and minerals. Creating loyal attitude towards them may improve the quality of customers’ life.

The paper provides interesting insights about loyalty for traditional products. Based on the determinants of loyalty identified by the author in relationship marketing literature the analysis of these variables was conducted in relation to traditional products. Due to the best author knowledge this is one of the first attempts, if not the first, where loyalty determinants were described in relation to traditional products. The literature lacks comprehensive research on particular aspects of loyal behaviour in the market of traditional products.

The purpose of this paper is to explore fruit and vegetable (FV) procurement disparity across income groups.

This study uses mean comparison and quintile regression to explain FVs variations.

Households from the highest income quantile spend more than two times on FVs than households from the lowest quantile; however, this expenditure disparity is largely mitigated in terms of purchase quantity. This paper presents evidence that, rather than quantity discounts or income neighborhood, the type of store (traditional markets vs supermarkets) plays a relevant role in explaining the smaller gap in terms of purchase quantity.

Traditional markets help low-income households access low-cost FVs.

The authors generate evidence to show that traditional markets play a relevant role to supply affordable FV to low-income households.

The paper used a high-quality and uncommon data set. It is a topic of high social impact.

Based on impression management theory, the authors ask how marketing activities build organizational reputation and examine the mediating mechanisms of desired impressions, and the moderating impact of national culture. Specifically, and in the context of higher education (HE) institutions, the authors examine the influence of relational marketing and traditional advertising on organizational reputation through the mediation of desired impressions (e.g. quality of learning, career prospects and extracurricular activities) across countries and specify the moderation role of cultural variables.

This study estimates empirical models using a survey data set comprising 1,890 student responses from 10 universities in 8 countries. The authors use confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) and measurement invariance models, as well as ordinary least squares with robust standard errors to test the hypotheses.

The results indicate that marketing activities affect organizational reputation through the mediation of desired impressions in line with our theoretical reasoning. Specifically, the results show that (1) relational marketing has direct and indirect effects on organizational reputation; (2) relational marketing has a higher influence on organizational reputation in countries with lower individualism and lower masculinity scores; (3) quality of learning mediates the relationship between traditional advertising and organizational reputation; (4) quality of learning also mediates the association between relational marketing and organizational reputation; (5) career prospects mediate the relationship between relational marketing and organizational reputation; (6) traditional advertising does not have a direct but only an indirect effect on organizational reputation; and (7) these findings are net of the effect of respondents', universities', and countries' characteristics.

The findings contribute to the body of knowledge on the antecedents of organizational reputation, from an international marketing perspective. The results extend the impression management by integrating constructs that have been studied independently into a cohesive framework that links marketing activities, desired impressions and organizational reputation. With the study, impression management theory provides a framework to study the impact of marketing activities on organizational reputation not only in domestic but also in international markets.

By asking the target market about the importance of different marketing activities, their expectations of the organization and its reputation, HE administrators can employ the model proposed in this study to assess the relevant marketing strategies that will drive desired impressions which in turn will influence reputation.

While there are studies that focus on the impact of several constructs on organizational reputation in an international context, it is striking to observe that extant research is silent on how (via what mediating mechanisms) marketing activities work as an antecedent of organizational reputation. To address this gap, we examine marketing activities as antecedents of organizational reputation in an international, cross-country context, and specify the moderation role of cultural variables.