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This study addresses a gap in the literature by examining the marketing strategies adopted by wineries in the context of wine tourism. This study aims to identify marketing strategic orientations and highlight their significance in the context of wine tourism.

The research uses a comparative case study approach, focusing on two wine regions, Roussillon (France) and Empordà (Spain). It involves the analysis of 99 active winery websites to identify marketing orientations. Descriptive statistics, cluster analysis and ANOVA tests were used to achieve this.

The study reveals four distinct wine tourism strategic orientations adopted by wineries in these regions. It emphasizes the importance of external ties, varying levels of competitiveness, website performance and geographical differences as key findings. The results show that wineries with a clear diversification strategy benefit from a higher level of competitiveness.

This research contributes to the academic literature by identifying different marketing strategies within wine tourism, highlighting their importance and providing a comprehensive analysis of key areas, thus adding original insights to the existing body of literature.

The study aims to examine consumers' intentions to visit wine tourism destinations (WTDs) in Canada post-COVID-19 by combining destination-related constructs with the theory of planned behavior (TPB).

Convenience sampling was employed in the online survey method to gather data. Using AMOS and SPSS software, structural equation modeling (SEM) was used to analyze the data.

The outcomes of the SEM show that a powerful model for predicting consumers’ intention to visit WTDs was developed by combining the TPB with additional variables. More precisely, the study identified that consumers' attitudes, perceived behavioral control, wine product involvement and motivation exhibit positive influences on their intention to visit WTDs. Conversely, subjective norms and the destination wine image did not influence the intention.

The findings have important ramifications for various parties involved, including the government, travel agencies, tourism associations and wine producers. This research's emphasis on consumer behavior enables practitioners to adjust to the changing needs of consumers in the post-pandemic environment.

The drawn-out model gives an improvised view of consumers’ behavioral intentions to visit WTDs post-COVID-19 by testing an integrated structural model comprising TPB and destination-related constructs. As far as the authors are aware, this research represents the first-ever effort to predict consumer's intentions to visit WTDs post-COVID-19.

Teaching wine tasting online is challenging, even given the curated digital tools of the Wine and Spirit Education Trust, a highly renowned online wine certification system is used. This paper aims to initially explore wine experts’ opinions about online wine education and subsequently examine the feasibility of customizing wine appreciation lexicons for Chinese learners.

A two-study multimethod approach was adopted. Study 1, a two-stage Delphi study, was conducted with 17 wine experts representing a number of countries, using a mix of closed/open-ended questions in an online survey. Data was collected in a market study in Study 2, conducted at agricultural markets in Thailand (pilot test) and China. Dialogues with market sellers were undertaken, evoking mental imagery of wine descriptors to explore the relevance of traditional versus local aromas and flavors in describing wine.

Findings concentrate on three main areas: general advantages/disadvantages of online wine education, reactions toward asynchronous/synchronous methods of wine tasting and, finally, the feasibility of customizing a wine appreciation lexicon for Chinese learners.

The study presents novel insights into the role of online wine education in China.

Traditionally vision-focused, tourism effectively ignores the other senses. With tourists travelling to “see” places, an understanding of how people with vision impairment or blindness (PwVIB) experience tourism is currently lacking. Borrowing from psychology, this viewpoint proposes innovative research approaches to address this knowledge gap, clarifying how PwVIB psychologically experience tourism, enabling tourism professionals to design meaningful and appropriate tourism products and services for this market.

Reviewing extant literature on the tourist experience of PwVIB, this study highlights the existing knowledge gaps regarding understanding how PwVIB experience tourism, proposing alternative theoretical approaches and methodologies for use in future studies.

Alternative research approaches, borrowed from psychology, are proposed to address this knowledge gap and clarify our understanding of how PwVIB experience tourism, serving as a call to action for researchers to attack this issue in innovative ways. An example study, using a mental imagery approach is discussed by way of illustration of how such techniques could be applied.

Highlighting a gap in the understanding of tourist experiences of PwVIB, this viewpoint proposes the adoption of innovative research methods from psychology as a means of delving into the cognitive and conceptual processes involved, offering a new perspective on how to address this important and topical issue and contribute to the design of inclusive and meaningful tourism experiences for this demographic.

This study aims to discuss the possible consequences of food crises caused by unsustainable food production and distribution, as well as how the rapid depletion of food resources may affect human life, destinations and the food tourism industry.

To address the lack of research examining the impact of sustainability issues and food crises on food tourism, this study conducted a critical review of the literature and reports related to agriculture, food production and sustainability.

Global conflicts, climate change and supply disruptions result in the reduction of food availability and quality. The high price of food and energy in such circumstances will further exacerbate poverty and delay destination development, which will negatively impact food tourism's economic sustainability. Furthermore, local businesses will be limited in their ability to offer a variety of culinary experiences, which will negatively impact the overall experience of food tourism. In this context, there is a pressing need to investigate the experiential aspects of food tourism as well as today's challenges relating to food crises at multiple levels, sustainable approaches, food quality and food services.

The United Nations, FAO, WHO, UNICEF and other regional and international organizations refer to unsustainable practices and food crises on a variety of levels. Several sectors, including the food tourism industry, are predicted to be negatively affected by the current situation. However, governments have not adopted an emergency code to address this issue, except in some regions experiencing extreme inflation and food shortages. Besides promoting sustainable practices, responding to global crises and enhancing culinary and cultural tourism experiences, food crisis management and sustainability efforts can have a significant impact on future research, practical applications and societal outcomes.

As one of the first studies conducted in this field, this study examines the effects of declines in food production and issues in the supply chain on the food tourism industry.

本文讨论了不可持续的粮食生产和分配造成的粮食危机的可能后果, 以及粮食资源的快速枯竭如何影响人类生活、目的地和食品旅游业。

为了解决缺乏研究可持续性问题和粮食危机对食品旅游的影响问题, 本研究对与农业、粮食生产和可持续性相关的文献和报告进行了批判性回顾。

全球冲突、气候变化和供应中断导致粮食供应和质量下降。在这种情况下, 粮食和能源的高昂价格将进一步加剧贫困, 阻碍目的地的发展, 这将对食品旅游的经济可持续性产生负面影响。此外, 当地企业提供各种烹饪体验的能力将受到限制, 这将对美食旅游的整体体验产生负面影响。在此背景下, 迫切需要了解食品旅游的体验, 以及当今在多个层面上与粮食危机、可持续方法、食品质量和食品服务相关的挑战。

联合国、粮农组织、世界卫生组织、儿童基金会和其他区域和国际组织在各种层面上提到了不可持续的做法和粮食危机。包括食品旅游业在内的几个部门预计将受到当前形势的负面影响。然而, 除了一些经历极端通货膨胀和粮食短缺的地区外, 各国政府还没有通过紧急代码来解决这个问题。除了推广可持续实践、应对全球危机、增强烹饪和文化旅游体验外, 粮食危机管理和可持续发展工作还可以对未来的研究、实际应用和社会成果产生重大影响。

作为该领域最早进行的研究之一, 本研究考察了食品产量下降和供应链问题对食品旅游业的影响。

Este artículo analiza las posibles consecuencias de las crisis alimentarias provocadas por la producción y distribución insostenibles de alimentos, así como el modo en que el rápido agotamiento de los recursos alimentarios puede afectar a la vida humana, a los destinos y a la industria del turismo gastronómico.

Para abordar la falta de investigaciones que examinen el impacto de las cuestiones de sostenibilidad y las crisis alimentarias en el turismo gastronómico, este estudio realizó una revisión crítica de la literatura y los informes relacionados con la agricultura, la producción de alimentos y la sostenibilidad.

Los conflictos mundiales, el cambio climático y las interrupciones en el suministro provocan la reducción de la disponibilidad y la calidad de los alimentos. El elevado precio de los alimentos y la energía en tales circunstancias agravará aún más la pobreza y retrasará el desarrollo de los destinos, lo que repercutirá negativamente en la sostenibilidad económica del turismo gastronómico. Además, los negocios locales verán limitada su capacidad de ofrecer una variedad de experiencias culinarias, lo que repercutirá negativamente en la experiencia global del turismo gastronómico. En este contexto, existe una necesidad acuciante de investigar los aspectos experienciales del turismo gastronómico, así como los retos actuales relacionados con las crisis alimentarias a múltiples niveles, los enfoques sostenibles, la calidad de los alimentos y los servicios alimentarios.

Las Naciones Unidas, la FAO, la OMS, UNICEF y otras organizaciones regionales e internacionales se refieren a las prácticas insostenibles y a las crisis alimentarias en diversos niveles. Se prevé que varios sectores, entre ellos la industria del turismo alimentario, se verán afectados negativamente por la situación actual. Sin embargo, los gobiernos no han adoptado un código de emergencia para abordar esta cuestión, excepto en algunas regiones que experimentan una inflación extrema y escasez de alimentos. Además de promover prácticas sostenibles, responder a las crisis mundiales y mejorar las experiencias turísticas culinarias y culturales, la gestión de las crisis alimentarias y los esfuerzos de sostenibilidad pueden tener un impacto significativo en la investigación futura, las aplicaciones prácticas y los resultados sociales.

Como uno de los primeros estudios realizados en este campo, este estudio examina los efectos de la disminución de la producción de alimentos y los problemas de la cadena de suministro en la industria del turismo gastronómico.

Previous research acknowledges the importance of stakeholders for destination branding. However, there is a lack of studies examining which specific online user discourses are triggered by stakeholder responses to destination brand communication. To address this gap, the purpose of this study is to analyze online user discourses initiated by stakeholder’s reactions to a destination image video and thus enhance knowledge on brand communication and management.

The authors investigated 2,187 online comments to 19 medial stakeholder reactions to a destination management organization (DMO) image video both by running a manual as well as a software-based content analysis. The explorative empirical study identifies seven major categories reflecting online user discourses triggered by stakeholder reactions to destination brand communication.

The explorative study indicates that stakeholder reactions to destination brand communication trigger online comments evolving within both the inner and outer tourism system. The discourse subjects, in turn, reflect both user-generated content of brand cocreation and brand codestruction. The findings expand literature in that previous studies on brand cocreation mainly refer to service encounters.

By identifying which online user discourses are triggered by stakeholder reactions to DMO brand communication, the authors provide managerial implications. Specifically, the authors suggest guidelines for all stages of destination communication campaigns to support online user discourses reflecting brand value cocreation and preventing brand value codestruction.

The study responds to a lack of research on online user discourses initiated by stakeholder reactions to DMO brand communication. Contrary to previous studies, the authors identify specific online user discourses relating not only to the inner but also to the outer tourism interest system. Revealed discourses, in turn, reflect brand cocreation and brand codestruction.

先前的研究确认了利益相关者对于目的地品牌塑造的重要性。然而, 目前缺乏研究探讨利益相关者对目的地品牌传播的反应, 会引发哪些特定的线上使用者论述。针对这个缺口, 本研究分析由利益相关者对目的地形象影片的反应所引发的线上使用者论述, 进而增进品牌传播与管理的知识。

作者通过手动和软件内容分析, 调查了 2,187 条在线评论, 涉及 19 个媒体利益相关者对目的地管理组织形象视频的反应。这项探索性实证研究确定了七个主要类别, 反映了利益相关者对目的地品牌传播的反应所引发的在线用户讨论。

本探索性研究表明, 利益相关者对目的地品牌传播的反应, 引发了在旅游系统内部和外部演变的在线评论。话语主体反过来反映了用户生成的品牌共创和品牌共建内容。 以往关于品牌共创的研究主要涉及服务接触, 而我们的研究结果拓展了这一研究领域。

通过确定利益相关者对目的地管理组织品牌传播的反应引发的在线用户话语, 我们提供了管理方面的启示。具体来说, 我们为目的地传播活动的各个阶段提出了指导方针, 以支持反映品牌价值共创和防止品牌价值共毁的在线用户话语。

我们的研究回应了由利益相关者对目的地管理组织品牌传播的反应所引发的线上使用者论述研究的缺乏。与先前的研究相反, 我们发现特定的线上使用者论述不仅与内部旅游利益体系有关, 也与其外部有关。所揭示的论述反过来反映了品牌共创和品牌共建。

Investigaciones anteriores reconocen la importancia de las partes interesadas en la creación de marcas de destino. Sin embargo, faltan estudios que examinen si los discursos específicos de los usuarios en línea son desencadenados por las respuestas de las partes interesadas a la comunicación de la marca de destino. Para colmar esta laguna, el presente estudio analiza los discursos de los usuarios en línea iniciados por las reacciones de los grupos de interés a un vídeo de imagen de un destino, mejorando con esto los conocimientos sobre comunicación y gestión de marcas.

Los autores investigan 2.187 comentarios en línea a 19 reacciones de grupos de interés mediáticos a un vídeo de la imagen de una OMD mediante un análisis de contenido tanto manual como basado en software. El estudio empírico explorativo identifica siete categorías principales que reflejan los discursos de los usuarios en línea desencadenados por las reacciones de las partes interesadas a la comunicación de la marca de destino.

El estudio exploratorio indica que las reacciones de las partes interesadas a la comunicación de la marca del destino desencadenan comentarios en línea que evolucionan dentro del sistema turístico interno y externo. A su vez, los temas del discurso reflejan tanto el contenido generado por los usuarios como la cocreación y la codestrucción de la marca. Nuestros hallazgos amplían la literatura en el sentido de que los estudios anteriores sobre cocreación de marcas se refieren principalmente a encuentros de servicios.

Al identificar qué discursos en línea de los usuarios desencadenan las reacciones de las partes interesadas a la comunicación de marca de los OMD, aportamos implicaciones para la gestión. En concreto, sugerimos directrices para todas las fases de las campañas de comunicación de los destinos, con el fin de apoyar los discursos en línea de los usuarios que reflejan la cocreación del valor de la marca y evitar la codestrucción de dicho valor.

Nuestro estudio responde a la falta de investigación sobre los discursos en línea de los usuarios iniciados por las reacciones de las partes interesadas a la comunicación de marca de las OMD. A diferencia de estudios anteriores, identificamos discursos específicos de usuarios en línea relacionados no sólo con el sistema de intereses turísticos interno, sino también con el externo. Los discursos revelados reflejan a su vez la cocreación y la codestrucción de la marca.

This study aims to investigate the effects of smart tourism technology experience (STTE) on tourist satisfaction and happiness in Bordeaux, with a focus on understanding the mediating role of self-gratification. By examining these relationships, the study seeks to provide insights into how smart tourism technologies can enhance tourist experiences.

The study uses partial least squares-structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM) to analyze data collected from 380 tourists who visited Bordeaux. The measurement model assesses reliability and validity, while the structural model evaluates the proposed hypotheses and the mediation effects of self-gratification.

The results confirm that STTE positively impacts tourist satisfaction, with accessibility, informativeness and personalization significantly enhancing tourist satisfaction, while interactivity does not. Tourist satisfaction, in turn, positively affects tourist happiness. Furthermore, self-gratification partially mediates the relationship between tourist satisfaction and happiness, highlighting its importance in the smart tourism context.

This research extends the understanding of STTE by demonstrating its effects on tourist satisfaction and happiness. It introduces the mediating role of self-gratification, providing a novel perspective on how personalized smart tourism experiences contribute to overall tourist happiness.

Extending the Attitudes-Behavior-Context (ABC) theoretical framework by incorporating consumer expertise as an antecedent, the study investigates the intricate relationship between consumer attitudes toward locally produced goods (wine) and purchasing behavior, examined within the context of consumer ethnocentrism.

The study employed an online survey of Texas wine consumers (N = 895). To investigate consumer attitudes towards local wine, the data were first subjected to descriptive analyses, namely means comparison and chi-square tests. Subsequently, path analysis was employed to explore the hypothesized relationships within the proposed model.

While consumers with higher wine knowledge are less likely to choose local wines for various consumption occasions, consumers who are highly involved with wine tend to exhibit more favorable perceptions. Taste emerged as the strongest driver of purchase intent. Consumer ethnocentrism plays a critical role, boosting purchase intent for those with positive general attitudes and considering local wines for various occasions. However, this effect disappears when perceptions of the taste of regional wines are unfavorable, highlighting once again the critical role of taste in purchase decisions, even for ethnocentric consumers.

This study expands the ABC framework by incorporating consumer expertise with a product as a new antecedent, thereby broadening its applicability to consumer behavior research within an ethnocentric context.

Digital detox practices seek to encourage tourists to disconnect from their devices and immerse themselves in the destination they are visiting. This may involve activities such as meditation, yoga or simply abstaining from social media and email. The impact of digital detox practices on tourist experiences can vary depending on the individual. While some tourists may find it difficult to disconnect from their devices, others may appreciate the opportunity to fully engage with their surroundings without distractions. Ultimately, digital detox practices have the potential to promote mindfulness and enhance the overall travel experience for those who are willing to try them.

In this section, digital detox defined and different forms are mentioned. The motivation factors of digital detox tourism activities carried out in this context and destinations and businesses for digital detox holidays will be examined. The chapter concluded by analysing the feedback obtained from consumers on TripAdvisor. This chapter provides a valuable contribution to the present digital detox tourism, which is in the market as a new touristic product by offering a comprehensive literature review. In addition, the chapter examines the review of comments made by tourists on TripAdvisor about digital detox tourism. The chapter further offers recommendations to tourism businesses on how to enhance their services in this domain. As a result, this section is expected to make a valuable contribution to both the academic literature and the tourism industry, specifically in the area of digital detox tourism.

This study aimed to explore how the attributes of heritage destinations become constraints on tourists' intention to revisit these destinations and to provide stakeholders with strategies to mitigate travel constraints, thereby increasing tourists' revisit intention.

A quantitative research approach was used, and data collection utilised a convenience sampling method. A total of 1,250 tourists completed self-administered, on-site surveys. To analyse the collected data effectively and to test hypotheses, multilevel analysis models were created.

Heritage-destination attributes are found to mediate the impact of perceived constraints on tourists' intention to revisit heritage destinations. Positive perceptions of heritage and cultural attractions among tourists can mitigate the adverse effects of constraints on their intentions.

This study only focused on examining the downward cross-level impact, i.e. from the macro level to the individual level. This could be beneficial for exploring an upward cross-level impact.

The findings provide strategic guidance for marketing programs to enhance the reputation of heritage destinations. By identifying and establishing attributes specific to heritage destinations that visitors perceive as the most appealing, program designers can effectively target their efforts. Additionally, the findings help stakeholders of heritage destinations develop and provide suitable heritage and cultural attractions and tourism infrastructure in line with tourists' preferences.

This study employed a multilevel approach to examine how heritage-destination attributes and related constraints on travelling on impact individuals' intentions to revisit destinations. The study considered a macro-based perspective to analyse these effects.