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There is no innovation without ideas. More than ever before, these ideas are increasingly difficult to express in a changing environment ripe with emotions. Today's organizations need to understand why their employees may or may not develop, voice and implement innovative ideas in the face of this emotional tension. Current literature focuses on external factors that empower employees to innovate. This research attempts to shift the focus to the individual by investigating the relationship between emotional intelligence, openness to experience and innovation voicing behavior.

This study employs a quantitative survey among 288 US-based workers to test a mediated model of emotional intelligence, openness to experience and innovation-focused promotive voice. The authors assessed both the measurement and structural models through partial least squares structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM), while controlling for a range of variables with the potential to confound construct measurements.

The findings validated the positive effect of emotional intelligence on openness to experience, while also finding a significant impact of openness to experience on innovation-focused promotive voice. More importantly, evidence suggests that openness to experience mediates the relationship between emotional intelligence and innovation focused promotive voice.

These findings shed new light on why employees might start the innovation process by developing and, ultimately, voicing innovative ideas. Further, this new insight focuses on the impact of intrapersonal factors as it relates to innovation and attempts to fill a gap in what is known about innovative behavior.

The purpose of this paper is to conceptually define and empirically investigate the density of work experience along with individual characteristics (cognitive ability, conscientiousness and openness to experience) and examine their influence on human resource (HR) competencies.

Regression analysis was used to analyze the data. In total, 140 HR professionals from service industry background and their supervisors participated in the data collection efforts.

Data analyses revealed three key findings. Employees’ density of work experience positively relates to HR competencies. Cognitive ability is the strongest predictor of the positive relationship to HR competencies, and density of work experience.

The author did not assess learning from each role (individual contributor, team lead and manager). Another limitation stems from the measure of density of work experience. The author did not consider the feedback that each incumbent might have received while dealing with challenging activities and the course corrections that may have been made.

Using an approach of gradually increasing the level of responsibility and involvement in challenging tasks may also help incumbents develop who may not be intellectually gifted. In the process of gradually increasing the level of involvement in challenging tasks, incumbents could develop a nuanced view of the field expertise required to deal with challenges, gain an in-depth understanding of the business, and acquire change management skills.

The author attempts to know which aspects of personality influence density of work experience the most. In addition, which personality characteristic predicts HR competencies more strongly?

Building on the complex adaptive systems (CAS) framework, this paper aims to investigate the detrimental effect of virtual teams’ (VTs) challenges and the upholding role of trust on the members’ ratings of VTs’ performance. Also, the study examines the mediating role of the preferences for VTs and investigates the moderating function of the openness to experience personality trait on the relationship between challenges, trust and preference for VTs.

Cross-sectional survey data were collected from a sample of 498 university students in Romania and path analysis was used for data analysis.

The results show evidence of the harmful effect of VTs’ challenges on members’ ratings of VTs’ performance and reveal that trust boosts members’ ratings of VTs’ performance. The findings highlight the mediating role of members’ preference for VTs and show evidence that the openness to experience personality trait strengthens the negative effect of the challenges on members’ preference for VTs.

Given the cross-sectional design of the study, inferences regarding the causal relationship between the variables cannot be made, and further longitudinal research is called for.

The study builds on the CAS framework and addresses the call for research to explore the variables that might contribute or impede VTs’ performance.

This paper aims to identify the personality traits (agreeableness, openness to experience, extraversion, conscientiousness and neuroticism) of library and information science (LIS) students in Pakistan. The difference among the personality traits of LIS students toward their information needs and seeking behavior is also analyzed.

Two instruments, namely, BFI scale and a self-structured instrument were used to collect the data. Kruskal–Wallis test was applied to find out differences among the personality traits of LIS students toward their information needs and seeking behavior.

Findings of the study revealed that out of 320 respondents, 186 possessed openness to experience, while only 7 possessed extraversion personality trait. Moreover, the students having extraversion personality trait were, generally, more concerned toward information needs. On the other hand students having conscientious trait were increasingly more seekers of information. Overall, the conscientiousness was identified as the most suitable personality trait for LIS students. A significant difference was also observed among all the personality traits of LIS students.

The findings of this study will help in the identification of LIS individual’s personality. The library managers can use these personality traits for the selection of suitable library professionals for their libraries.

This study can be valuable for the induction of new library professionals and also help managers in assigning the duties based on these personality traits.

The purpose of this paper is to examine the relationship between creative self-efficacy and work engagement using openness to experience as a moderator. The theoretical background is rooted in the resource perspective of the job demands-resources model (JD-R model) of work engagement.

The developed hypotheses were tested in a study of 101 faculty members from a science and technology institute in the USA. Hierarchical regression analysis was used to analyze the data.

The results supported a positive effect of creative self-efficacy on work engagement but did not support a moderating effect of openness to experience on the relationship between creative self-efficacy and work engagement.

This study introduces the context of creativity into the work engagement and JD-R model fields. Specifically, through the resource perspective of the JD-R model, it theoretically and empirically extends the contribution and explanatory ability of personal resources to the improvement of work engagement.

The purpose of this paper is to examine the separate and combined effects of three individual characteristics on training gains achieved in a leadership development program designed to enhance participants' emotional intelligence (EI). The overall purpose was to test heretofore untested propositions advanced by various theorists concerning the impact of openness to experience (OE), self‐efficacy (SE), and receptivity to feedback (RF) on training outcomes.

This empirical study utilized a sample of 135 fully‐employed business students in a treatment/control group research design.

The findings suggest that leadership development professionals will likely derive differential EI training gains depending upon participants' status across several variables. Receptivity to feedback was directly associated with EI training gains while the SE‐RF and SE‐OE interactions were predictors of EI training gains.

The results hold implications for organizations that seek to enhance the EI of leaders both effectively and efficiently. The application of these findings to a range of leadership development practices and to training efforts that focus on other competencies are discussed.

The paper connects EI to one of the major challenges facing leaders and leadership development professionals in the future: managing change and offers recommendations regarding research on other factors that are likely to optimize results achieved through efforts to develop the EI of leaders.

This is the first study to investigate the impact of these three individual characteristics on training gains achieved. The paper's findings suggest that some individuals are better candidates for EI training and presents a method to identify them.

A plethora of research highlights the pernicious effects of English language learning demotivation on students' language learning outcomes. Therefore, to prevent students' demotivation has been a challenging task for the English language teachers. To shed fresh insight into this problem, the prime purpose of the present study was to examine the possible constituents of Pakistani university students' language learning demotivation, and how they interact with the resilience and the two personality dimensions (i.e. conscientiousness and openness to experience).

The present quantitative research study administered a questionnaire consisting of four parts to 215 undergraduate students who were enrolled in the two public universities in Quetta, the capital city of Balochistan province of Pakistan. To analyze the data, both descriptive and inferential statistics were performed with the SPSS (version 24).

The results identified both external and internal salient demotivating factors. The external factors included classroom environment, classroom learning materials, characteristics of classes, whereas lack of language learning interest and experiences of failure were the internal factors. Additionally, the results of simple linear regressions and multiple linear regressions also revealed that resilience and the two personality dimensions influenced the English language learning demotivation.

The prevalence of demotivation in the language classrooms necessitates Pakistani university English language teachers to adopt motivational teaching strategies to elicit, enhance and sustain language learners' motivation. The present study also draws the attention of the university teachers to foster students' resilience, conscientiousness and openness to prevent their language learning demotivation. The findings also implicate the ministry of education of Pakistan to equip educational institutes with language learning facilities to lower the burgeoning issue of students' language learning demotivation.

The present study provides empirical evidence regarding the interaction of resilience and personality with demotivation in the Pakistani context and contributes to the sparse existing knowledge on this issue. Additionally, the present study also establishes the knowledge that despite experiencing demotivation, language learners can regain language learning motivation through their resilience as well as behavioral patterns (i.e. being conscientious and open).

Purpose: The issue of whether participation in online peer-support communities has positive or negative impacts on the psychological adjustment of cancer patients warrants further explorations from new perspectives. This research investigates the role of personality traits in moderating the impact of online participation on the psychological adjustment of cancer patients in terms of their general psychological well-being and cancer-specific well-being.

Methodology: Study participants consisted of adults diagnosed with leukemia. Questionnaires were collected from 111 participants in two leukemia-related forums in China, Baidu Leukemia Community and Bloodbbs. Information regarding the personality traits, online participation, and psychological adjustment were collected using an online questionnaire. A linear regression model was used to test the moderation effect of personality traits on the relationship between online participation and psychological adjustment.

Findings: The main effect of participation in online support communities on psychological adjustment was not statistically significant. Importantly, two personality traits (i.e., emotional stability and openness to experience) moderated the relationship between online participation and psychological adjustment to cancer. Leukemia patients with high emotional stability and high openness to experience reported better psychological adjustment as they participated more in the online community. However, this was not the case for patients with low stability and low openness, who reported worse psychological adjustment as their participation in the online support community increased.

Value: This study introduces two personality moderators into the discussion of how participation in online support communities influences the lives of cancer patients. The moderation effects help to explain why there have been contradictions in the findings of previous studies. In addition, this study adds to the current literature on online support communities as little research on this topic has been conducted outside of the US and Europe. Practically, this study not only highlights the need to evaluate the personality traits of patients who are recommended to participate in online communities, but also underlines the necessity of intervention in these communities.

Divergent thinking is an integral process in creativity. This study presents and tests an interactionist, divergent‐thinking based model of individual creativity in organizations. Openness to experience is a personality trait that relates to divergent thinking and, therefore, is hypothesized to be related to creative performance in organizations. The effects of openness to experience are likely to be partially mediated by an individual's attitude toward divergent thinking (ATDT). Some individuals do not care to engage in divergent thinking, and researchers have asserted that negative ATDT is an impediment to individual creativity in organizations. However, the empirical link between one's ATDT and one's creative performance has yet to be demonstrated. Contextual factors also influence creative attitudes and behavior. ATDT is also likely to be influenced by one's supervisor's attitude. The amount of structure that supervisors initiate for their subordinates is likely to have a direct, negative effect on subordinates' divergent thinking, and may also affect divergent thinking indirectly by influencing subordinates’ ATDT. Results generally support the model. Openness to experience and ATDT are positively associated with employees' creative performance. In addition, some support is provided for a negative relationship between initiating structure and subordinates’ ATDT.

The purpose of this study is to investigate the moderation effects of the Big Five personality traits on the relationships between holistic experience constructs (i.e. servicescape and other visitors’ behaviours), emotional responses and revisit intention in the context of winery visitation experiences in Greece.

The study adopts a holistic approach to visitor experience and suggests that visitors base their experience perception on the servicescape’s attributes and other visitors’ suitable behaviours. Path analysis was adopted to measure the impact of these constructs on visitors’ emotions and the role these emotions play in predicting visitors’ revisit intentions. The moderation effect of the Big Five personality traits in such relationships was examined using the SPSS PROCESS. A self-administered, highly structured questionnaire was distributed to winery visitors in Greece; a total of 615 responses were used in data analysis.

The results indicate that all the examined relationships become stronger as a result of visitors having high or average scores for openness, extraversion, agreeableness and conscientiousness, or low scores for neuroticism.

The findings enhance the existing literature pertaining to experiential marketing, wine tourism marketing and the role of personality in tourism by providing new insights.

The overall findings may benefit wineries in their efforts to carry out the following: increase visitors’ revisit intentions; design and manage the winery environment and the winery experience effectively; and design marketing strategies.

The paper’s originality lies in providing information to clarify the role of visitors’ personalities as a contributing factor to their emotional stimulation and their revisit intentions in terms of both constructs of experience (i.e. servicescape and other visitors’ behaviours). Furthermore, this study attempts to respond to recent calls to conduct multidimensional research on the servicescape construct, focusing on both the substantive staging of the servicescape and the communicative staging of the servicescape. Finally, the present study provides new and practical insights regarding the winery experience in the Greek context – an area where very limited research has been conducted so far.

本研究的目的是在希腊酒庄参观体验情境下探讨五大人格特质对整体体验建构(即服务场景、其他游客行为)、情绪反应和的重游意愿之间关系的调节作用。

本研究采用了一种游客体验的整体性方法, 并建议游客将他们的体验感知建立在服务景观的属性和其他游客的适当行为上。采用路径分析法来衡量这些建构对游客情绪的影响, 以及这些情绪在预测游客重访意图中所起的作用。运用SPSS软件, 分析了五大人格特质在关系中的调节作用。给希腊的酒庄游客发放了高度结构化的自填问卷, 最终回收615份问卷用于数据分析。

结果表明, 由于游客在开放性、外向性、亲和性和尽责性方面有较高或平均的得分, 或在神经质方面得分较低, 所有被调查的关系变得更强了。

丰富了现有的关于体验营销、葡萄酒旅游营销和个性在旅游中的作用的文献。

总的研究结果将有利于酒庄努力实现以下目标:a.增加游客的重游意愿;b.有效地设计和管理酒庄环境和酒庄体验;c.设计营销策略。

通过提供信息, 明确了游客的个性在两种体验构建（即服务场景和其他来访者行为）中作为情感刺激和重游意愿的促成因素的作用。此外, 本研究试图响应最近对服务场景构建进行多维研究的呼吁, 既关注服务场景的实质阶段(SSoS), 也关注服务场景的交际阶段(CSoS)。最后, 本研究提供了关于在希腊背景下的酒庄体验的新的、实用的见解——目前为止, 相关领域的研究都还非常有限。

关键词 葡萄酒旅游, 酒庄体验, 游客情感, 游客行为意向, 五大人格特质

El objetivo de este estudio es investigar el efecto moderador de los Cinco Grandes rasgos de la personalidad sobre las relaciones entre los constructos de la experiencia holística (como, por ejemplo, servicescape, otros comportamientos de los visitantes) las respuestas emocionales, y la intención de repetir en el contexto de las experiencias de la visita de bodegas en Grecia.

El estudio adopta un enfoque holístico de la experiencia del visitante y sugiere que los visitantes basan su percepción de la experiencia en los atributos del servicescape y en otros comportamientos adecuados de los visitantes. Se utilizó el análisis de pautas (Path Analysis) para medir el impacto de estos constructos en las emociones de los visitantes y el papel que estas emociones juegan en la predicción de las intenciones de repetir de los visitantes. El efecto moderador de los Cinco Grandes rasgos de personalidad en tales relaciones fue examinado usando SPSS PROCESS. Se distribuyó un cuestionario autoadministrado y altamente estructurado a los visitantes de bodegas en Grecia; se utilizaron 615 respuestas para el análisis de los datos.

Los resultados indican que todas las relaciones examinadas se vuelven más fuertes en el caso de los visitantes que tienen puntuaciones altas o medias de apertura, extraversión, amabilidad y conciencia, o bajas puntuaciones de neurotismo.

Los resultados mejoran la literatura existente relativa al marketing experiencial, el marketing del turismo enológico y el papel de la personalidad en el turismo, proporcionando nuevas perspectivas.

Los resultados globales pueden beneficiar a las bodegas en sus esfuerzos por llevar a cabo lo siguiente: a. aumentar la intención de los visitantes de repetir, b. diseñar y gestionar el entorno de la bodega y la experiencia enológica de manera efectiva, y c. diseñar estrategias de marketing.

La originalidad del trabajo radica en proporcionar información para aclarar el papel de la personalidad de los visitantes como un factor que contribuye a su estimulación emocional y sus intenciones de repetir en términos de ambos constructos de la experiencia (p. ej., servicescape y otros comportamientos de los visitantes). Además, este estudio intenta responder a los recientes requerimientos de realizar investigaciones multidimensionales sobre el constructo servicescape, centrándose tanto en la puesta en escena sustantiva del servicescape como en la puesta en escena comunicativa de la misma. Por último, el presente estudio aporta nuevas ideas prácticas sobre la experiencia enológica en el contexto griego, un ámbito que, hasta ahora, cuenta con un número limitado de investigaciones.

Enoturismo, Experiencia enográfica, Emociones del visitante, Intenciones conductuales del visitante, Cinco grandes rasgos de personalidad

trabajo de investigación