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The inability to secure funding is a common problem for entrepreneurs. Crowdlending can help overcome this problem. But what motivates crowdlenders? The aim of this paper is to provide empirical evidence of two forms of investor motivation (intrinsic and extrinsic) in crowdlending in Spain by exploring the elements that affect the low percentage of equity invested.

The study is based on fuzzy-set qualitative comparative analysis (fsQCA) of 206 investors in projects posted on the crowdlending platform Colectual. FsQCA enables the identification of causal configurations that lead to a low percentage of equity invested in crowdlending. The extrinsic motivation conditions are economic return and perceived risk. For intrinsic motivation, the conditions are the corporate social responsibility (CSR) characteristics of the project and CSR reporting by the platform. The age of the investor is also considered to study whether behaviour differs across age groups.

When investors attach high importance to economic returns (extrinsic motivation), the percentage of wealth allocated to their investment is low. In relation to intrinsic motivation, investors who attach little importance to CSR invest a low percentage of their wealth. The same is true of those who feel that Colectual's risk management is weak and those aged approximately 26 years old.

Understanding the motivations of investors can give platforms insight into the expectations of one of its main stakeholders: the backers themselves. The study also sheds light on business models where CSR is the core element. This paper thus describes a new paradigm to which other platforms can relate. It can prove useful as an incentive to integrate stakeholder concerns in other business models to create not only economic but also social value.

Investors' motivation is shown to be both intrinsic and extrinsic. Until now, there has been little evidence of the motivation of crowdlending investors. Methodologically, this study is also valuable. The use of fsQCA reveals the combinations of conditions that lead to the outcome (i.e. the reasons for low investment in crowdlending). Moreover, the analysis provides insight into the situation in Spain and the reasons why crowdfunding is less developed in Spain than in other European countries.

This paper analyzes the influence of leadership styles and human resource management (HRM) on teacher well-being and how these contribute to Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) 3: Good Health and Well-being, 4: Quality Education, and 8: Decent Work and Economic Growth. The analysis assesses the extent to which the well-being of schoolteachers is influenced by the human resource management and leadership style of the school management.

The aim of this study is to determine how leadership by example, high communication leadership, human resource management and gender, influence two dimensions of teacher well-being, namely emotional and physical well-being. Gender was used as a moderating variable. The relationships between these variables are reflected in the hypotheses of this study. Linear regression analysis was used to test these hypotheses. The measurement scales were drawn from the literature. Data were obtained using non-probabilistic convenience sampling of 300 public and subsidized (concertado) high schools. To include large and medium-sized Spanish cities in the study, Madrid, Valencia, Malaga, and Murcia were selected. The final sample consisted of 315 high school teachers from 75 schools.

The results suggest that leadership by example and high communication leadership influence human resource management directly and positively. Human resource management, in turn, influences the physical and psychological well-being of schoolteachers.

This paper adds to the literature on leadership styles and human resource management by expanding the knowledge of factors influencing schoolteachers' well-being. To the best of the authors’ knowledge, this is the first article reporting a study on such factors in schools in Spain.

Este trabajo analiza la influencia de los estilos de liderazgo y la gestión de los recursos humanos (GRH) en el bienestar de los profesores y cómo estos contribuyen a los Objetivos de Desarrollo Sostenible (ODS) 3: Buena salud y bienestar, 4: Educación de calidad y 8: Trabajo decente y crecimiento económico. El análisis evalúa hasta qué punto el bienestar de los profesores está influenciado por la gestión de los recursos humanos y el estilo de liderazgo de la dirección del centro.

El objetivo de este estudio es determinar cómo el liderazgo mediante el ejemplo, el liderazgo de alta comunicación, la gestión de los recursos humanos y el género influyen en dos dimensiones del bienestar de los profesores, a saber, el bienestar emocional y el físico. El género se utilizó como variable moderadora. Las relaciones entre estas variables se reflejan en las hipótesis de este estudio. Se utilizó un análisis de regresión lineal para probar estas hipótesis. Las escalas de medición se extrajeron de la literatura. Los datos se obtuvieron mediante un muestreo no probabilístico de conveniencia de 300 institutos públicos y concertados. Para incluir en el estudio ciudades españolas grandes y medianas, se seleccionaron Madrid, Valencia, Málaga y Murcia. La muestra final consistió en 315 profesores de secundaria de 75 centros.

Los resultados sugieren que el liderazgo mediante el ejemplo y el liderazgo de alta comunicación influyen directa y positivamente en la gestión de los recursos humanos. La gestión de los recursos humanos, a su vez, influye en el bienestar físico y psicológico de los profesores de instituto.

Este artículo se suma a la literatura sobre los estilos de liderazgo y la gestión de los recursos humanos, ampliando el conocimiento de los factores que influyen en el bienestar de los profesores de centros escolares. Hasta donde los autores saben, éste es el primer artículo que informa de un estudio sobre dichos factores en los centros escolares de España.

Eco-entrepreneurship is a topical issue in academic and professional literature over the past decade. In Africa, it is a relatively new concept fast gaining momentum with wide applicability and acceptance given its benefits in promoting consumer adoption of sustainable lifestyles, resilient environment, economic empowerment, and a win–win balance in the ecology and economy nexus. Amidst the growing impact of climate change and environmental degradation, eco-entrepreneurship has become a necessity, with emerging opportunities being in urban waste management, recycling, and renewable energy technologies. Regardless of the benefits of eco-entrepreneurship, regulatory and governance structures inform the viability of any initiatives. This chapter presents how political ecology structures intersect and impact eco-entrepreneurship in Africa. Given that nations’ approaches can differ, this study provides a case study synthesis of two major African economies namely Nigeria and South Africa. The authors document the predominant political orientation and attitude toward eco-entrepreneurship. First, the authors argue that the political environment is indifferent to the potential of the eco-entrepreneurial framework, hence applying a one-size-fits-all approach. Second is that the attention to eco-entrepreneurship by policymakers is economically inclined, they focus mainly on economic growth opportunities; equally, that eco-entrepreneurship offers opportunities for the protection of social and environmental integrity cannot be ignored. Third, is the bandwagon effect associated with eco-entrepreneurship initiatives, where the need to align with international bodies and states drives a Eurocentric concern? The authors conclude that fostering enabling policy environment can help enhance the productivity of current eco-entrepreneurial initiatives as well as attract new ones needed to explore eco-entrepreneurship benefits.

The purpose of this chapter is to conduct a structured literature review to examine the relationship between entrepreneurship and emotional intelligence in academic settings as well as the current entrepreneurship pedagogy for flexible, innovative and creative graduates. One hundred and twenty-eight peer-reviewed papers were analysed based on Webster’s and Watson’s (2002) methodology. Papers classified into three topics and a content analysis was implemented to discuss about the publication year, journals, authors, frequency of keywords and research method adopted. The contribution of this chapter is twofold. It is a bibliometric study which provides a macropicture of a research field, its evolution and connections among studies, in order to be a starting point for future researchers who are already studying entrepreneurial education or entrepreneurship-related scientific areas. Also, this chapter helps academics to improve educational programmes and curriculum to increase students’ entrepreneurial intention taking into account the factors that affect it.

This study contributes to the limited literature on crowdlending by providing a data-driven analysis of the sector. A synthetic DP2 indicator is proposed to identify the leaders of the crowdlending market, the key factors behind their success and the medium-term competitive implications.

The study examines 17 crowdlending platforms and eight performance indicators. The information provided by these indicators is aggregated using a synthetic indicator based on the P₂ Distance (DP2) method.

Mintos, Evoestate, Peerberry, Bondster and Fellow Finance are the leading platforms. This method reveals the key variables in the identification of market leaders, namely year-on-year variation in the number of investors and year-on-year variation in lending per investor. The leaders in terms of lending volumes should not take their current situation for granted. Small and medium-sized platforms are pushing hard and may overtake the incumbents as market leaders.

Financial intermediation through crowdlending is becoming an increasingly popular alternative to traditional models. Changes in the sector are expected in the coming years due to the rise of platforms with a moderate amount of lending and solid year-on-year improvement. To become leaders and to attract both lenders and borrowers, platforms are encouraged to improve the information that they provide.

This paper offers the first analysis of market leadership in the crowdlending sector. It analyses the competitive market of the crowdlending sector based on its actors and key factors. These factors explain the differences in the market position of different platforms. Based on this analysis, the trends in this sector can be identified. This study is exploratory, so it offers empirical data that can be useful in the development of theories that apply to the sector.

This article presents the Special Issue (SI, 35-2) of ARLA, edited (not exclusively) with the best articles from the specialized conference of the Academy of Innovation, Entrepreneurship and Knowledge (ACIEK, 2021) conference and performs a bibliometric analysis on innovation, management, governance and sustainable growth.

Guest editors conduct a quantitative and qualitative analysis of the scholarly literature by examining the characteristics of publications and how articles published in this SI contribute to their growth.

Innovation, management and governance for sustainable growth is an area that revolves around five points: (1) sustainable innovation in SMEs, (2) technological innovation, social capital and information patents to create value chains and financial development in the textile industry, (3) knowledge management and competitiveness for growth and productivity, (4) social entrepreneurship, business ecosystems and startups for sustainable development and (5) marketing-based business strategies for sustainable development.

From the analysis conducted, it is concluded that more research is needed on knowledge management and competitiveness in developing countries, such as Latin American and African countries, and to compare the results with more developed countries.

Este artículo presenta el Número Especial (SI, 35-2) de ARLA, editado (no exclusivamente) con los mejores artículos de la conferencia especializada de la conferencia Academy of Innovation, Entrepreneurship, and Knowledge (ACIEK, 2021) y realiza un análisis bibliométrico sobre innovación, gestión, gobernanza y crecimiento sostenible.

Los editores invitados realizan un análisis cuantitativo y cualitativo de la literatura académica examinando las características de las publicaciones y cómo los artículos publicados en este SI contribuyen a su crecimiento.

La innovación, gestión y gobernanza para el crecimiento sostenible es un área que gira alrededor de cinco puntos: (1) innovación sostenible en las PYMES, (2) innovación tecnológica, capital social y patentes de información para crear cadenas de valor y desarrollo financiero en la industria textil, (3) gestión del conocimiento y competitividad para el crecimiento y la productividad, (4) emprendimiento social, ecosistemas empresariales y startups para el desarrollo sostenible, y (5) estrategias empresariales basadas en el marketing para el desarrollo sostenible.

Del análisis realizado se concluye que es necesario investigar más sobre la gestión del conocimiento y la competitividad en los países en desarrollo, como los latinoamericanos y africanos y comparar los resultados con los países más desarrollados.