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Investors have done sin stocks exclusion in the portfolio as negative screening of socially responsible investment. The impact of sin stock exclusion has brought different results for an investment portfolio; therefore, the investment manager fully decided on sin stocks investment. This research observes the relationship between sin stock proportion and fund managers’ education background. An investment manager’s educational background influences both financial performance and socially responsible behavior. Equity funds are chosen since they made up most of the Indonesian investment market. Proportion is used as a calculation of investment managers’ characteristics. The fixed effect model is applied in the panel data regression method. The study finds a significant negative relationship between sin stock proportion in asset allocation and investment managers’ education level. The research contributes to the literature on sin stocks in Indonesia concerning investment managers’ education background and among the first that observe all holdings in financial reports.

Aviation is not only one of the key contributors to the economy and social structure of the world but it is also an industry whose environmental impacts are being closely monitored. Aircraft efficiency and technological advancements have significantly reduced aviation noise and emissions in recent decades. Nevertheless, as the need for passenger and freight transportation grows, the aviation sector is becoming a primary source of environmental issues and a significant driver of global warming. This chapter focusses on environmentally sustainable aviation with a net-zero emission target. It also highlights sustainable aviation policies and collaborative initiatives in the aviation industry to meet the 2050 net-zero emission goal. While the industry's efforts have increased opportunities recently, the industry has also had to face several challenges to achieve the net-zero aviation target.

This study is an attempt to estimate the output growth and total factor productivity growth (TFPG) in Indian manufacturing industry. Most of the developed nations have been facing economic depression in its output and employment growth frequently which led to several worldwide recessions and developing nations have also been affected by these. Our objective is to examine a possible way of mitigating economic recession in the light of Indian experience. In these connections we have tried to establish a link between TFPG and indicators of economic growth like export, GDP, employment, etc. We have computed TFPG of Indian manufacturing industry for last 30 years. On an average TFPG of Indian manufacturing industry has been found negative with a declining trend. Time series analysis of our study reveals that all the variables are stationary at first difference. They are also found to be co-integrated. On the basis of volumes of India's exports of manufacturing products in 2017, we have selected top 27 destination countries. More than 60% of Indian's manufacturing products were exported to these countries in this year. We have conducted panel data analysis to find the relation between TFPG and growth of India's export. The result shows that there has been a positive and significant relation between these two. This study also found that there has been a positive relation between growth of gross value added and employment growth in Indian manufacturing industry. So, TFPG may be a useful way to mitigate economic recession.

Introduction – Female employment and policies are an important aspect of growth and development. Inadequate utilisation of female labour force within the national economy reflects in economic and social indicators especially in developing countries. Women’s self-development, active participation in labour markets, and social and economic opportunities are the main factors in the development of countries. This study attempts to research the effects of female work force participation in the member countries of the Organisation of Islamic Cooperation (OIC) on economic growth in time period between 2004 and 2016. The countries were selected among the countries that have high and middle human development index according to Human Development Report in 2017.

Purpose – In this chapter, it is aimed to support the employment of female labour force and to show its share in development and growth in the member countries of the OIC. The aspect differs from similar studies to address the issue in term of Islamic countries.

Methodology – While analysing the impact of female employment on growth, the panel data analysis method and fixed and random effect model were used.

Findings – It has been found that female employment has a positive impact on economic growth for the selected OIC countries.

Whereas incumbents often struggle to respond to disruptive innovations, start-up companies frequently face difficulties in establishing them within existing ecosystems. Phased acquisitions, that is, trajectories where an incumbent initially takes an equity stake in a start-up and subsequently acquires it, have been suggested as viable strategy to address these challenges. Whereas prior research has focused on the macro-level governance of such phased acquisitions, the authors explore the micro-level governance, examining how the existence of and changes in particular coordination and control mechanisms can shape the phased acquisition and its performance implications. Based on a longitudinal process study of a phased acquisition in which one start-up and one incumbent jointly developed and commercialized a disruptive technology, the authors develop a process model that (1) illuminates the existence of micro-level governance shifts and their impact on the decision to transition from equity alliance to acquisition, (2) identifies specific triggers of micro-level governance shifts, and (3) emphasizes the existence of counterintuitive micro-level governance spillovers across alliance and acquisition.

The study explores the impact of the general insurance industry’s financial soundness on Sri Lanka’s financial performance by using the CARAMELS approach for seven years (2011–2019) and using secondary data. The study utilised panel data regression analysis. Return on Asset was used as the proxy of financial performance while the 10 dimensions were employed. The best-fitted model is the fixed effect model (FEM), which indicates capital adequacy ratio (CAR) and profitability ratio has a positive impact and that the retention ratio (RR), claims ratio, and expenses ratio harm financial performance in the general insurance sector. The study concluded that capital adequacy, earnings and profitability, reinsurance, and actuaries are important predictors of financial performance for general insurers. The findings help the regulator and general insurers set better performance targets and enable insurance company managers to allocate capital more efficiently.