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The purpose of this paper is to examine the role of entrepreneurial passion, specifically venture obsession, in agentic relationships within entrepreneurial contexts. It aims to develop a new conceptualization of the role of the venture in these relationships and explore the negative impacts that can arise from the obsessive passion for the venture. The paper contributes to the literature by shedding light on the complexities of agency outside of large for-profit firms, unpacking components of self-interest in the agentic relationship and challenging the assumption that entrepreneurial passion is always beneficial for both the entrepreneur and the venture.

This paper employs theoretical framework development and conceptual mapping to explore the role of entrepreneurial passion, specifically venture obsession, in agentic relationships within entrepreneurial contexts. We conducted a comprehensive literature review and synthesis of existing research on agency theory, entrepreneurial passion and venture obsession. By integrating these insights, we developed a new conceptual framework that theorizes the negative impacts of venture obsession on agentic relationships and venture performance. This approach allows us to propose a nuanced model that highlights the complexities and potential maladaptive behaviors associated with obsessive passion in entrepreneurship.

Venture obsession can have detrimental outcomes, such as escalation of commitment and ignoring external feedback, due to the intense focus on protecting the venture at all costs.

The study highlights the impact of venture obsession on agentic relationships, emphasizing the balance between autonomy, competence and relatedness that entrepreneurs strive to maintain for their well-being. While previous research has explored the role of entrepreneurial passion and its effects on venture performance, this study extends the understanding by delving into the darker side of passion when it transforms into obsessive agency. By emphasizing the importance of maintaining a healthy balance in agentic relationships and considering the psychological well-being of entrepreneurs, this study adds nuance and depth to the existing knowledge on the subject.

Passion plays a vital role in entrepreneurship, and examining the role of training in passion development is a recent call. This study aims to examine the impact of entrepreneurial training on occupational commitment and career satisfaction of business owners based on goal content theory.

In doing so the role of harmonious passion is tested as a mediating mechanism. A three-wave time-lagged data were collected from 351 business owners operating in Punjab, Pakistan and were analyzed by using SmartPLS.

The findings suggested that entrepreneurial training had a positive impact on building entrepreneurial passion, and as a result, they were found to be more committed and satisfied with their entrepreneurial career. The research has theoretical and practical implications for the role of training in the development of entrepreneurial career outcomes.

Despite a growing interest in entrepreneurial passion, only few studies have explored the entrepreneurial training on occupational commitment and career satisfaction of business owners in context of Pakistan.

This study investigates antecedents determining the inclination to engage in future environmental entrepreneurial activities. Building on passion research and social cognitive theory, the authors explore the role of environmental passion for environmental entrepreneurial intention, drawing attention to the mediating role of environmental self-efficacy.

A regression-based path analysis for mediation to test the developed hypotheses on a sample of 139 young individuals is applied.

The results demonstrate a significant positive effect of environmental passion on environmental entrepreneurial intention. The mediation analysis shows a positive direct and indirect effect of passion on intention, concluding that self-efficacy is a partial mediator. The results further suggest that environmental entrepreneurial intention is related to gender. In contrast, covariates like age, entrepreneurial exposure and entrepreneurship education have no significant effect.

The results have implications for practitioners and policymakers who aim to further entrepreneurship for environmental sustainability. It underlines the need to take emotional antecedents seriously, suggests policy for creative and interdisciplinary education with respect to its challenges and emphasizes the roles of teachers in fostering passion.

The results provide a deeper contextualized understanding of passion, self-efficacy and intention in environmental entrepreneurship. These results offer an original perspective of entrepreneurship as a conduit to channel energy, concerns and passionate interests in the natural environment. The study presents theoretical implications for passion theory by extending sources of passion and clarifying the direction of self-efficacy in entrepreneurship.

Enterprising individuals are frequently portrayed as rational agents who maximize their own interests. At the same time, an increasing number of small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) use social responsibility strategies, incorporating collective interests into their business agenda. This study aims to analyze the interplay between the rational and emotional aspects of the entrepreneurial personal identity and address its implications for the socially responsible behavior of businesses by drawing on the literature on entrepreneurial identity, the objectivism (rational egoism) philosophical perspective and the concept of entrepreneurial passion.

A sample of 333 Russian SMEs is used to test the research hypotheses. The study follows the quantitative research strategy, wherein the main assumptions are examined based on mediation testing techniques.

The results suggest that entrepreneurs whose personal identities are rooted in objectivism values are less likely to foster culture of social responsibility within their firms. At the same time, their entrepreneurial passion mitigates the negative effect of objectivism on social responsiveness of the venture.

This research enhances the understanding of entrepreneurial personality and can help policymakers promote social responsibility in small and medium businesses, showing that they need to communicate effectively with SMEs’ leaders and align their policies with entrepreneurial values and beliefs.

Intentions are central to entrepreneurial thinking and thus entrepreneurial action yet we have not explored the different pathways of how intent evolves. How does an easily assessed measure of cognitive style influence how entrepreneurs develop their intentions?

We examine how cognitive style interacts with entrepreneurial intentions testing the model separately with subjects scoring as Intuitives or Analytics on cognitive style, plus nationality and gender as covariates with entrepreneurial intensity as a prospective moderator, using 528 university students from Norway, Russia and Finland.

Cognitive style does moderate the intentions model. For intuitives, country influenced social norms and entrepreneurial intensity proved a moderator. For analytics, neither perceived desirability, country, nor entrepreneurial intensity were significant.

We will replicate these findings in different samples, especially non-WEIRD settings. It will also be useful to test alternate measures of cognitive style and other likely moderators.

We offer diagnostics for educators and ecosystem actors given that our findings suggest intriguing differences in the entrepreneurial mindset.

Understanding multiple pathways exist to entrepreneurial intent and thus action helps policymakers and entrepreneurial champions better able to help nurture entrepreneurs and thus entrepreneurship in their communities.

Cognitive style has dramatic effects on the specification of the formal intentions model arguing for multiple pathways to entrepreneurial intent. For example, two entrepreneurs might arrive at the same intention but through very different processes because they differ in cognitive style.

We explore how NGO’s local entrepreneurial initiatives to empower women entrepreneurs can compensate for weak state policies for women in a context of male-dominated socio-cultural norms.

We use the case of a local entrepreneurial initiative launched in the Atlas region of Morocco, the Empowering Women in the Atlas Initiative (EWA). We collected data through 51 semi-structured interviews of women entrepreneurs in three cooperatives which exploit the natural resources of their region to establish a social venture. Our data are longitudinal as they were collected at two time periods: before and after the initiative.

The findings of this study suggest that local entrepreneurial initiatives can have a significant impact on rural women entrepreneurs’ empowerment. The improved perception of empowerment has not only helped them develop capacities to leverage the business opportunities linked to the natural resources of their region, but it has also increased their status and role within their family and community.

We make recommendations for policymakers to encourage this type of initiative to compensate for the absence of supporting policies geared toward women.

Our study is one of the first to look at empowerment as a policy instrument to develop women entrepreneurial activities in rural areas of developing countries. Our paper uses a unique hierarchical perspective and a multidimensional framework for analyzing social cooperative ventures and rural women entrepreneurs’ empowerment. Our paper unravels interesting insights for women entrepreneurs’ narration strategies.

The purpose of this paper is to evaluate the insights of founding entrepreneurs to understand what they consider as motivating factors in their decision to act upon entrepreneurial intentions. Using this information, the entrepreneurial trigger event influence was conceptualized, and a scale developed for use in subsequent testable models.

Qualitative and quantitative techniques were used to construct an instrument that measures the presence and influence of entrepreneurial behavior triggers. The concept of triggering events was explored with 14 founding entrepreneurs. Themes emerged from this enquiry process which informed the development of four primary entrepreneurial triggering events. Over 600 entrepreneurs participated in the study. Exploratory factor analysis was used to identify dimensions of entrepreneurial triggers and was tested using confirmatory factor analysis.

Entrepreneurs perceive that personal fulfillment and job dissatisfaction serve as two significant trigger events which will lead individuals to engage in entrepreneurial behaviors. This research supports theorizing that suggests entrepreneurial trigger events have influence in motivating individuals to act upon entrepreneurial intentions and some trigger events may have more influence toward behavior than others.

This research is subject to multiple limitations. Trigger events were limited to those identified in literature and the interviews. Most entrepreneurs participating in this study were from a limited geographic region. The entrepreneurs in this study reported their triggering event based on their memory which could have been affected by inaccurate recall or memory bias. No attempt has been made to model the comparative effects of the different variables on entrepreneurial outcomes. Finally, the entrepreneurial trigger event instrument did not measure the participant's demographics or psychographics which could have played a role in the influence of reported trigger event.

This study extends previous research that trigger events serve as catalysts for entrepreneurial behavior. Findings support the premise that different types of triggers have different levels of influence as antecedents of entrepreneurial behavior. Specifically, positive, negative, internal and external entrepreneurial triggering events were explicated. The Entrepreneurial Trigger Event Scale created to facilitate this study enables researchers to explore the effects of types and perceived influences of precipitating trigger events on the intentions of the individual that result in entrepreneurial behavior. The optimized instrument further expanded Shapero's (1975) proposed theory of the origins of entrepreneurial behavior.

The development of a scale provides researchers with the opportunity to include the influence of entrepreneurial trigger events, as perceived by entrepreneurs, in future testable models. Entrepreneurial development organizations can use the knowledge to assist in understanding when potential entrepreneurs may act upon entrepreneurial intentions. Information gained can have significant implications for understanding the initiation of entrepreneurial behavior, entity establishment and business growth.

This research responds to a call for investigation into the influence of entrepreneurial trigger events on a person's decision to act upon entrepreneurial intentions. It is an early attempt to conceptualize a relevant construct of entrepreneurial trigger event influence and to develop a scale for use in empirical testing. It is distinguished by using planned behaviors, push and pull, motivation and drive reduction theories. These theories are applied to the perceptions of successful entrepreneurs to develop a construct and validate it.

Based on action regulation theory (ART), this study aims to test the impact of individual entrepreneurial orientation (IEO) training on small business owner career success (financial attainment, satisfaction and achievement). Moreover, this relationship was unpacked through a dual mediation model of IEO behaviour and career resilience.

A four-wave, longitudinal randomized controlled field experiment was conducted in which 527 small business owners participated from Lahore, Pakistan (training group = 256, control group = 271). The data analysis was done via ANCOVAs (group comparison) and PROCESS Model 6 (for serial mediation).

The results demonstrated that after getting IEO training, the small business owners had increased IEO behaviour, career resilience and career success as compared to their counterparts in the control group. In addition, the effect of IEO training on career success was attributed to the underlying role of IEO behaviour and career resilience development.

This is one of the few studies that have demonstrated the impact of IEO training on the career-related outcomes based on the action regulation perspective.

This study aims to test the impact of digital skills on the entrepreneurial intentions of last-year undergraduate students in Jordanian universities, especially after the Coronavirus disease pandemic and the digital transformation in education and business patterns. In addition, it aims to assess the role of entrepreneurial alertness as a mediator and entrepreneurship education as a moderator in the relationship between the independent and dependent variables.

The quantitative study used a questionnaire distributed to 401 students from different Jordanian universities. The data was collected over 2 months and two structural equation models were developed using AMOS 25 to examine the relationship.

A significant negative relationship was found between digital skills and entrepreneurial intentions of last-year undergraduate students in Jordanian universities post-coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. A fully mediating role of the alertness variable has appeared in addition to a significant moderating role of entrepreneurship education.

This is the first study that attempts to investigate the impact of digital skills on students' entrepreneurial intentions in Jordan after the COVID-19 pandemic, In addition, it is one of the few studies that assess the mediator's and moderator's effects on the same conditions. Finally, the study provided a review of the definitions and models used as part of the contribution to upcoming reviews.

Studies on social entrepreneurial intention have been increasing in recent years due to the growing concerns of young people on social and sustainability issues. Although social entrepreneurship is gaining momentum in emerging economies, only limited studies explore antecedents of social entrepreneurial intention in these countries, particularly in Southeast Asia. This paper aims to integrate the concept of entrepreneurship competence with the theory of planned behavior and examine the interrelationship between antecedents of this theory.

A survey of university students was used to validate the theory of planned behavior in explaining social entrepreneurial intention. Samples were selected using purposive sampling involving university students who had been exposed to social entrepreneurship incubators. The 372 valid responses were analyzed using partial least square structural equation modeling.

This study confirms the applicability of the theory of planned behavior to explain social entrepreneurial intention, even though not all attitudes toward social entrepreneurship orientation were significant. Out of five orientations, only attitudes toward social innovation significantly directed social entrepreneurial intention. This study validates that subjective norms and perceived behavioral control determine attitudes toward social entrepreneurship orientation. The roles of education and prior experience in providing entrepreneurship competence also positively shape individuals’ attitudes toward social entrepreneurship orientation and perceived behavioral control.

Although perceived behavioral control and entrepreneurial self-efficacy are frequently interchangeable, these concepts are independent. This study does not include social entrepreneurial self-efficacy by only examining the effect of entrepreneurship competence on perceived behavioral control. Data were limited to university students who have been exposed to social entrepreneurship incubators, which may not fully reflect the tendency of general Indonesian youths to become social entrepreneurs.

As entrepreneurship competence is essential in stimulating social entrepreneurial intention through the formation of attitudes toward social innovation and perceived behavioral control, the government and the universities can collaborate in establishing a supportive social entrepreneurship ecosystem within and outside the universities. This ecosystem may equip youths with essential knowledge and resources as well as complement subjective norms.

Studies of social entrepreneurial intention have mostly applied psychological theories; however, they rarely consider the impact of entrepreneurship education as the driver of social entrepreneurial intention. Studies of social entrepreneurial intention from psychological and educational perspectives tend to run in parallel. This study integrates entrepreneurship competence into the theory of planned behavior to explain social entrepreneurial intention. In addition, while social entrepreneurship is believed to consist of multiple orientations, not many studies have deliberated on this. This study reflects these multiple social entrepreneurship orientations in the attitudes toward social entrepreneurship.