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21 – 30 of over 10000Chen Luo, Yijia Zhu and Anfan Chen
Drawing upon the third-person effect (TPE) theory, this study focuses on two types of misinformation countering intentions (i.e. simple correction and correction with…
Abstract
Purpose
Drawing upon the third-person effect (TPE) theory, this study focuses on two types of misinformation countering intentions (i.e. simple correction and correction with justification). Accordingly, it aims to (1) assess the tenability of the third-person perception (TPP) in the face of misinformation on social media, (2) explore the antecedents of TPP and its relationship with individual-level misinformation countering intentions and (3) examine whether the mediating process is contingent on different social media usage conditions.
Design/methodology/approach
An online survey was conducted with 1,000 representative respondents recruited in Mainland China in January 2022 using quota sampling. Paired t-test, multiple linear regression and moderated mediation analysis were employed to examine the proposed hypotheses.
Findings
Results bolster the fundamental proposition of TPP that individuals perceive others as more susceptible to social media misinformation than they are. The self-other perceptual bias served as a mediator between the perceived consequence of misinformation and misinformation countering (i.e. simple correction and correction with justification) intentions. Furthermore, intensive social media users were likely to be motivated to counter social media misinformation derived from the indirect mechanism.
Originality/value
The findings provide further evidence for the role of TPE in explaining misinformation countering intention as prosocial and altruistic behavior rather than self-serving behavior. Practically, promising ways to combat rampant misinformation on social media include promoting the prosocial aspects and beneficial outcomes of misinformation countering efforts to others, as well as reconfiguring the strategies by impelling intensive social media users to participate in enacting countering actions
Peer review
The peer review history for this article is available at: https://publons.com/publon/10.1108/OIR-09-2022-0507.
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Jean‐Luc Maire, Maurice Pillet and Nathalie Baudet
The variability of the results of a visual control is often high. This paper aims to propose a new tool to give information about what improvement actions can be carried out to…
Abstract
Purpose
The variability of the results of a visual control is often high. This paper aims to propose a new tool to give information about what improvement actions can be carried out to reduce this variability.
Design/methodology/approach
The variability of a visual control can be measured by Kappa's Fleiss which measures the level of agreement between appraisers and experts. The R&R Gage is then classically used to give information about corrective actions which can be carried out in order to improve this level of agreement. The paper demonstrated that this information is not always sufficient.
Findings
By considering the two essential steps of a visual control (exploration and evaluation), the R2&E2 Gage proposed gives more precise information about the improvement actions to carry out to reduce the variability of a visual control. Repeatability and reproducibility, for detection and evaluation purposes, are considered separately.
Research limitations/implications
This R2&E2 gage is one result of a European research program called INTERREG. The aim of this program, which brings together two laboratories from the University of Savoy and EPFL, two institutional partners (CTDEC and CETEHOR) and some Swiss and French industrial companies, is to create methodological support and the tools needed to improve the visual control of high added‐value products.
Practical implications
This R2&E2 gage has been used in six industrial companies involved in the European program INTERREG. Significant improvement of the visual control has been observed over a short time.
Originality/value
The paper fulfils an identified need of industrial firms to have efficient tools improving the visual control of their products.
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In recent years, Costa Rica has experienced increasing economic loss from numerous climate disasters. To meet the challenge of reducing local vulnerabilities, it is necessary to…
Abstract
In recent years, Costa Rica has experienced increasing economic loss from numerous climate disasters. To meet the challenge of reducing local vulnerabilities, it is necessary to incorporate the potential impacts of current and future climate disaster events into DRM policy, planning, and practice, both at the national and local levels. This chapter evaluates the current status of policy initiative on incorporating the climate disaster risk aspect in DRM planning at the national level in Costa Rica and discusses whether this initiative provides any answers to reduce climate disaster risk. The study applies a “checklist” as a means of evaluation.
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In this article a model is presented concerning the organisation of the maintenance process of a quality system. This model consists of the composition of two existing models. The…
Abstract
In this article a model is presented concerning the organisation of the maintenance process of a quality system. This model consists of the composition of two existing models. The point of departure is a three‐level model of quality management. Then each of these three levels has been split up into two components called “system‐structural” and “social‐structural”. After introducing several maintenance concepts on a conceptual level, these concepts are applied to each of these levels and components.
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Jorge Martinez-Gil, Bernhard Freudenthaler and Thomas Natschläger
The purpose of this study is to automatically provide suggestions for predicting the likely status of a mechanical component is a key challenge in a wide variety of industrial…
Abstract
Purpose
The purpose of this study is to automatically provide suggestions for predicting the likely status of a mechanical component is a key challenge in a wide variety of industrial domains.
Design/methodology/approach
Existing solutions based on ontological models have proven to be appropriate for fault diagnosis, but they fail when suggesting activities leading to a successful prognosis of mechanical components. The major reason is that fault prognosis is an activity that, unlike fault diagnosis, involves a lot of uncertainty and it is not always possible to envision a model for predicting possible faults.
Findings
This work proposes a solution based on massive text mining for automatically suggesting prognosis activities concerning mechanical components.
Originality/value
The great advantage of text mining is that makes possible to automatically analyze vast amounts of unstructured information to find corrective strategies that have been successfully exploited, and formally or informally documented, in the past in any part of the world.
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Dong‐Shang Chang and Kuo‐Lung Paul Sun
The purpose of this study is to propose a state‐of‐the‐art new approach to enhance FMEA assessment capabilities.
Abstract
Purpose
The purpose of this study is to propose a state‐of‐the‐art new approach to enhance FMEA assessment capabilities.
Design/methodology/approach
Through data envelopment analysis (DEA) technique and its extension, the proposed approach evolves the current rankings for failure modes by exclusively investigating SOD in lieu of RPN and to furnish improving scales for SOD.
Findings
Through an illustrative example the proposed approach supports the proposition that DEA can not only complement traditional FMEA for improving assessment capability but also, especially, provide corrective information regarding the failure factors – severity, occurrence and detection. Further application of DEA Stratification also reveals that this methodology is useful for managing resource allocation and risk management.
Practical implications
It is shown that the proposed approach enables manager/designers to prevent system or product failures at an early stage of design. Moreover, the approach is able to provide managerial insight of SOD more effectively than justifying the efforts on RPN alone. Projection of each SOD is determined to help managers examine the scale of efforts. Finally, the stratification analysis offers the economical allocation of failure modes with respect to the incurred costs and the efficiency.
Originality/value
The paper proposes a unique new approach, robust, structured and useful in practice, for failure analysis. The methodology, within a firmed methodology, overcomes some of the largely known shortfalls of traditional FMEA: it takes into account multiple criteria and restricted weighted; and it analyses the failure modes' ranking considering not only the direct impacts of failure indices, but also the contribution of these indices.
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Mingfei Sun and Xu Dong
The proliferation of health misinformation on social media has increasingly engaged scholarly interest. This research examines the determinants influencing users’ proactive…
Abstract
Purpose
The proliferation of health misinformation on social media has increasingly engaged scholarly interest. This research examines the determinants influencing users’ proactive correction of health misinformation, a crucial strategy in combatting health misbeliefs. Grounded in the elaboration likelihood model (ELM), this research investigates how factors including issue involvement, information literacy and active social media use impact health misinformation recognition and intention to correct it.
Design/methodology/approach
A total of 413 social media users finished a national online questionnaire. SPSS 26.0, AMOS 21.0 and PROCESS Macro 4.1 were used to address the research hypotheses and questions.
Findings
Results indicated that issue involvement and information literacy both contribute to health misinformation correction intention (HMCI), while misinformation recognition acts as a mediator between information literacy and HMCI. Moreover, active social media use moderated the influence of information literacy on HMCI.
Originality/value
This study not only extends the ELM into the research domain of correcting health misinformation on social media but also enriches the perspective of individual fact-checking intention research by incorporating dimensions of users’ motivation, capability and behavioral patterns.
Peer review
The peer review history for this article is available at: https://publons.com/publon/10.1108/OIR-09-2023-0505
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The purpose of this review was to assess the guidance packs provided by local authorities to small food businesses in Wales to assist them comply with new food safety legislation.
Abstract
Purpose
The purpose of this review was to assess the guidance packs provided by local authorities to small food businesses in Wales to assist them comply with new food safety legislation.
Design/methodology/approach
Three guidance packs that are widely used in Wales were assessed. The review covers the provision in the guidance packs of hazard analysis templates, worked examples, information on documenting/auditing good hygiene practices, events that should trigger a review of the system and guidance on the extent/level of record keeping.
Findings
The packs provided simple information on a harmonised hazard analysis critical control point (HACCP) based system of food hygiene management and good hygiene practices. They had templates for documentation, some had worked examples and there were sample record forms. There was insufficient guidance given on the extent/level of paperwork and records required by different sized businesses.
Research implications/limitations
The results of this review suggest that while the guidance packs have many positive attributes, they also have many shortcomings. In part this relates to the fact that they were devised prior to the new legal requirements.
Practical implications
The packs in use lack important practical guidance on the level/extent of documentation and record keeping. Some of these deficiencies can be remedied by supplementing the packs with materials produced by the other Food Standards Agency (FSA) agencies.
Originality/value
There is no published evaluation of guidance packs in Wales. The steering group should be encouraged to undertake this work and to produce a national guidance pack.
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Nguyen Pham, Maureen Morrin and Melissa G. Bublitz
This paper aims to examine how repeated exposure to health-related products that contain flavors (e.g. cherry-flavored cough syrup) create “flavor halos” that can bias perceptions…
Abstract
Purpose
This paper aims to examine how repeated exposure to health-related products that contain flavors (e.g. cherry-flavored cough syrup) create “flavor halos” that can bias perceptions about the healthfulness of foods that contain the same flavors (e.g. cherry-flavored cheesecake).
Design/methodology/approach
Six experiments, using both between- and within-subjects designs, explore the effects of flavor halos in hypothetical and actual consumption settings. They test the underlying mechanism, rule out competing explanations and identify an opportunity to correct the cognitive biases created by flavor halos.
Findings
Flavor halos can be created via repeated exposure to flavored medicinal products in the marketplace. These flavor halos bias dieters’ judgments about the healthfulness of vice foods containing such flavors. Dieters are motivated toward a directional conclusion about food healthfulness to mediate the guilt associated with consuming indulgent products. Providing dieters with corrective information mitigates these effects.
Research limitations/implications
The authors examine one way flavor halos are created –via repeated exposure to flavored medicinal products. Future research should explore other ways flavor halos are created and other ways to mitigate their effects.
Practical implications
Considering the prevalence of obesity, organizations striving to help consumers pursue health goals (e.g. weight watchers) can use flavors to improve dietary compliance. Health-care organizations can help consumers understand and correct the cognitive biases associated with flavor halos.
Originality/value
By identifying flavor halos, this work adds to the literature investigating how flavors influence consumers’ judgments about healthfulness. The results suggest dieters apply flavor halos as they engage in motivated reasoning to license their indulgent desires.
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James Burns, Georgia Bullitt, Howard Kramer, Jack Habert and James Doench
– To explain the requirements of Regulation Systems Compliance and Integrity (“Regulation SCI”) and the new responsibilities of organizations defined as “SCI entities.”
Abstract
Purpose
To explain the requirements of Regulation Systems Compliance and Integrity (“Regulation SCI”) and the new responsibilities of organizations defined as “SCI entities.”
Design/methodology/approach
Explains the purpose of Regulation SCI, the responsibilities of SCI entities, systems covered by the rules (“SCI systems”), and specific obligations of SCI entities, including the establishment and periodic review of policies and procedures, compliance with the Exchange Act, designation of “responsible SCI personnel,” appropriate corrective action in response to “SCI events,” notification of systems changes, annual “SCI reviews,” business continuity and disaster recovery testing, and recordkeeping and filing. Discusses future implications for SCI Entities and other market participants.
Findings
Regulation SCI launches a broad and extensive overlay of rules and guidance to address systems capacity and integrity issues that have increasingly affected the securities markets. The adoption of this regulation suggests that there will continue to be increased scrutiny by the SEC, FINRA and other regulators of the automated systems and related policies and procedures of all market participants.
Practical implications
SCI entities will need to devote considerable attention and resources not just to prevent incidents where possible, but also to establish systems for ensuring thorough compliance and well-documented and reasonable follow-up actions where necessary. All market professionals – including broker-dealers, investment advisers, pension funds and investment companies – should study the new regulation and consider adopting appropriate policies and procedures to address operating as well as cyber security issues with respect to their own critical operating technology.
Originality/value
Practical guidance from experienced financial services lawyers.
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