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This research aims to explore the integration of Bing Chat, an artificial intelligence (AI)-powered conversational assistant, into academic libraries and its potential impact on reference services.

This study analyzes existing literature to investigate the integration of Bing Chat in academic libraries. This research focuses on its features, capabilities and implications for enhancing user experiences and addressing information needs.

The findings highlight that Bing Chat’s conversational interface facilitates more dynamic and context-aware reference interactions, fostering user empowerment and personalized learning pathways. The integration of Bing Chat with existing library resources enhances resource discovery, navigational assistance and engagement with visual content. However, challenges related to accuracy, privacy and algorithmic bias require careful consideration.

This research contributes to the literature by providing an in-depth exploration of Bing Chat’s integration into academic libraries, emphasizing its transformative potential for reference services. This study addresses ethical and social dimensions associated with AI-driven tools in library environments, offering insights into ensuring fairness, privacy and user trust.

The purpose of this paper is to analyze the readability and level of word complexity of search engine results pages (SERPs) snippets and associated web pages between Google and Bing.

The authors employed the Readability Test Tool to analyze the readability and word complexity of 3,000 SERPs snippets and 3,000 associated pages in Google and Bing retrieved on 150 search queries issued by middle school children.

A significant difference was found in the readability of SERPs snippets and associated web pages between Google and Bing. A significant difference was also observed in the number of complex words in snippets between the two engines but not in associated web pages. At the engine level, the readability of Google and Bing snippets was significantly higher than associated web pages. The readability of Google SERPs snippets was at a much higher level than those of Bing. The readability of snippets in both engines mismatched with the reading comprehension of children in grades 6–8.

The data corpus may be small. Analysis relied on quantitative measures.

Practitioners and other mediators should mitigate the readability issue in SERPs snippets. Researchers should consider text readability and word complexity simultaneously with other factors to obtain the nuanced understanding of young users’ web information behaviors. Additional theoretical and methodological implications are discussed.

This study measured the readability and the level of word complexity embedded in SERPs snippets and compared them to respective web pages in Google and Bing. Findings provide further evidence of the readability issue of SERPs snippets and the need to solve this issue through system design improvements.

The purpose of this paper is to examine some of the leading competitors to Google in searching the world wide web.

This paper discusses six search engines that are alternatives to Google: Bing, Wolfram Alpha, Topsy, Scoopler, Scribd, and Data.gov

The paper finds that all but Bing among the six search tools have a narrower and more defined approach than Google. Each has value in context.

The paper provides an evaluation of when these more specialized tools would be useful to internet searchers.

Search engine users are faced with long lists of search results, each entry being of a varying degree of relevance. Often users' expectations based on the short text of a search result hold false expectations about the linked web page. This leads users to skip relevant information, missing valuable insights, and click on irrelevant web pages wasting time. The purpose of this paper is to propose a new summary generation technique, ReClose, which combines query‐independent and query‐biased summary techniques to improve the accuracy of users' expectations.

The authors tested the effectiveness of ReClose summaries against Google summaries by surveying 34 participants. Participants were randomly assigned to use one type of summary approach. Summary effectiveness was judged based on the accuracy of each user's expectations.

It was found that individuals using ReClose summaries showed a 10 per cent increase in the expectation accuracy over individuals using Google summaries, and therefore better user satisfaction.

The survey demonstrates the effectiveness of using ReClose summaries to improve the accuracy of user expectations.

This paper presents a novel summary generation technique called ReClose, a new approach to summary evaluation and improvements upon previously proposed summary generation techniques.

This chapter offers a case study of the distinctive political activism in Taiwanese metal by analysing the intertextuality of Just Not Meant to Be (還君明珠) (2015) by Crescent Lament (恆月三途). From the perspective of a cultural insider, the author examine the socio-cultural dynamics underlying this activism and explain how Taiwanese metal attempts to tackle the troubled past of Taiwan. The author brings attention to Just Not Meant to Be's commentary about the activism it takes part in, and reflect on problematics inherent to political activism in Taiwanese metal. Finally, the author explicates the problematics in the context of metal subculture in general. Pivotal throughout this chapter are the questions: Why does Taiwanese metal replicate forms of domination it seeks to counter? What can metal subculture in general learn from Taiwanese metal and its political activism?

The novel The Ugly American published in the late 1950s depicts the blunderings which can take place when decision makers are overly ethnocentric. Happily, in interpersonal dealings, executives are becoming more accepting of the ways of other people. Anthropologists such as Edward T. Hall have developed a wealth of material which explores the habits and customs of other people and how to interact in situations with such people. Thus, overt ethnocentrism is largely on the wane. Ironically, as Westerners have become more worldly in their interpersonal dealings with other people, they have also embraced a strong “global marketing” orientation. This global paradigm contains a “covert ethnocentrism” since it presupposes that the whole world is being transformed in the same way by technology. Although in the long flow of history this might be true, global theories are not usually relevant to short‐term analysis on strategic planning. In an era when we have largely purged our thinking of overt ethnocentrism, we must resist this new “covert” ethnocentrism.

The paper aims to explore the emotion learning experiences of some Chinese immigrants in Canadian engineering workplaces.

The paper is based on life history style interviews with 14 Chinese immigrant engineers and 14 key informant interviews.

Research respondents constructed a competitive, masculine, and individualistic engineering “culture” in Canada, where the emotional and the relational, supposedly central to the Asian and Chinese culture, are largely devalued. To fit into the individualistic culture, some Chinese immigrants learned to change their patterns of socialization and some became hard‐nosed competitors. To ameliorate the deleterious effects of the alienating workplace environments, some resorted to their cultural teaching to maintain emotional health; some also tried to build collegiality and collectivity to humanize their work settings.

The study was not a comprehensive study of the emotion work in engineering workplaces. It does not capture the emotional order that may as well exist to afford different people differential negotiation power in the engineering culture.

The study suggests that while emotional connection and personalized relationship are “culturally” discouraged in engineering workplaces, they are of significant use value for immigrant workers and should be addressed to create humanized work environments.

This is one of the few articles that examine emotion learning at the intersection of gender, race and class relations.

The purpose of this paper is to establish the damage alarming indexes for ancient wood structures and study the damage sensitivity and noise robustness of these indexes under random excitation.

Xi’an Bell Tower is taken as a case in this paper to simulate the damage of ancient wood structures through finite element (FE) simulation and determine the satisfactory damage alarming indexes with wavelet packet energy spectrum.

The results of this paper show that: 1) the damage alarming indexes can effectively identify the damage of ancient wood structures, each index with a different damage sensitivity; 2) the energy ratio deviation is greater than the energy ratio variance and is close to the maximum variation of energy ratio; 3) the energy ratio deviation has a better alarming effect than the energy ratio variance during the initial period of the damage. With the accumulation of the damage, the energy ratio variance outperforms the energy ratio deviation; 4) the sensitivity of the energy ratio deviation and variance varies from positions, changing from the highest to lowest at the mortise-and-tenon joints, the beam mid-span and the plinth; 5) if signal to noise ratio (SNR) is 40db or larger, the indexes can accurately identify the damage of ancient wood structures. As SNR increases, the indexes will have an increasingly higher sensitivity and certain ability to resist noise.

The FE model is simpiy, it does not completely reflect Xi’an Bell Tower.

It will provide a theoretical basis for the damage alarming of Xi’an Bell Tower.

It makes structural health monitoring through structural vibration response under ambient excitation a new research field in damage detection as well as a positive way of ancient architecture protection.

This paper studies the damage alarming effect on ancient wood structures from different wavelet functions and wavelet packet decomposition levels. To study the effect under white noise environment, this paper adds Gaussian white noise with a SNR of 10, 20, 30, 40 and 50 db to the acceleration response signal of intact structure and damaged structure.