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This paper aims to develop a specific type of mobile nonrigid support friction stir welding (FSW) robot, which can adapt to aluminum alloy trucks for rapid online repair.

The friction stir welding robot is designed to complete online repair according to the surface damage of large aluminum alloy trucks. A rotatable telescopic arm unit and a structure for a cutting board in the shape of a petal that was optimized by finite element analysis are designed to give enough top forging force for welding to address the issues of inadequate support and significant deformation in the repair process.

The experimental results indicate that the welding robot is capable of performing online surface repairs for large aluminum alloy trucks without rigid support on the backside, and the welding joint exhibits satisfactory performance.

Compared with other heavy-duty robotic arms and gantry-type friction stir welding robots, this robot can achieve online welding without disassembling the vehicle body, and it requires less axial force. This lays the foundation for the future promotion of lightweight equipment.

The designed friction stir welding robot is capable of performing online repairs without dismantling the aluminum alloy truck body, even in situations where sufficient upset force is unavailable. It ensures welding quality and exhibits high efficiency. This approach is considered novel in the field of lightweight online welding repairs, both domestically and internationally.

Delta Beverage is facing severe cost control problems. In addition to the high interest expense, the cost of aluminum cans and PET containers have risen substantially during the past year. The student must decide whether the CFO should hedge aluminum to avoid the risk of violating a loan covenant. The case works well as an introduction to risk management.

There has been no lack of criticism in the literature of accounting and logistics over the attention given, or not given, to distribution costs. Dobson stated flatly: “Distribution is neglected by cost accountants”. Only slightly less deprecating were Lambert and Armitage, who concluded that, for years, “control over distribution costs has been at best haphazard and, at worst, nonexistent”.

This paper aims to evaluate the inhibition efficiency (IE) of oxalate ions in controlling corrosion of aluminum at pH 10.

The IE has been determined by the classical weight loss method. The corrosion behavior of aluminum was investigated by using potentiodynamic polarization and electrochemical impedance measurements. Ultra violet (UV)-visible and Fluorescence spectra have been used to analyze the film formed on the aluminum surface after immersion.

The maximum IE was 88 per cent, which was offered by a mixture of 250 ppm oxalate ions and 50 ppm [Zn²⁺]. Potentiodynamic polarization data revealed that the protective film was formed on the metal surface. UV-visible and Fluorescence spectra indicated the presence of Al³⁺−oxalate complex in the protective film formed on aluminum substrate after immersion in [OX]/[Zn²⁺] solution.

The findings of this work shed more light on the corrosion inhibition of aluminum by oxalate self-assembling monolayers.

This study aims to investigate the corrosion behavior of stir-cast hybrid aluminum composite reinforced with CeO₂ and graphene nanoplatelets (GNPs) nanoparticulates used as cylinder liner material in the engines (automotive, aerospace and aircraft industries).

The composites were prepared using the stir-casting technique, and their microstructure and corrosion behavior was evaluated using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and potentiodynamic polarization test, respectively.

The results showed that the addition of CeO₂ and GNPs improved the corrosion resistance of the composites, and the optimal combination of these two nanoparticles was found to be 3 wt.% CeO₂ and 3 wt.% GNPs. The enhanced corrosion resistance was attributed to the formation of a protective layer on the surface of the composite, as well as the effective dispersion and uniform distribution of nanoparticles in the matrix. The 0.031362 was noted as the lowest corrosion rate (mmpy) and was noticed in 94% Al-6061 alloy + (3 Wt.% CeO₂ + 3 Wt.% GNPs) sample at room temperature and at elevated temperatures; the corrosion rate (mmpy) was observed as 0.0601 and 0.0636 at 45 °C and 75 °C, respectively.

In the vast majority of the published research publications, either cerium oxide or graphene nanoplatelets were utilized as a single reinforcement or in conjunction with other types of reinforcement such as alumina, silicon carbide, carbon nano-tubes, tungsten carbide, etc., but on the combination of the CeO₂ and GNPs as reinforcements have very less literatures with 2 wt.% each only. The prepared hybrid aluminum composite (reinforcing 1 wt.% to 3 wt.% in Al-6061 alloy) was considered for replacing the cylinder liner material in the piston-cylinder arrangement of engines.

The purpose of this paper is to prepare the Mn‐Si‐Fe‐Cu‐Al alloy explosion suppression materials, and determine the corrosion behavior of aluminum alloy explosion suppression materials in HCl and NaOH solutions. The different mechanism of corrosion was discussed.

In this paper, Mn‐Si‐Fe‐Cu‐Al alloy explosion suppression materials were prepared, and the electrochemical behavior of the EAESM was studied. The corrosion parameters were calculated and the mechanism of the corrosion process was discussed. The corrosion behavior was characterized by immersion tests and SEM at room temperature.

Mn‐Si‐Fe‐Cu‐Al alloy explosion suppression materials have been prepared. SEM, the polarization curves showed that materials have corrosion resistance. The best content of Al alloy is Mn 0.880%, Si 0.135%, Fe 0.383% and Cu 0.0835%.

The results of this investigation show that adding alloying elements can form new strengthening phases that influence the corrosion resistance of alloys.

Commodity histories generally posit colonies’ roles as mere producers but have overlooked their roles in shaping global consumption. This study aims to investigate how Malayan tin producers and British colonial institutions used public relations and advertising strategies as entrepreneurial tools to fend off competition from substitutes amid global economic and geopolitical transitions during the height of the Cold War crisis and post-war boom in the 1950s and 1960s.

This study draws on archival research of newspaper reports written in Singapore, the USA and Britain from the inter-war years until the 1960s. It also consults advertisements placed by the Malayan Tin Bureau on Time and Scientific American, data and views on tin scarcity by US congressional reports and commodity trends data published by the US Department of Commerce and the US Department of the Interior.

This paper demonstrates how the value of tin is recreated by manipulating its symbolic meanings and embedding them within the national and political contexts of the targeted consumer markets. This creative resistance against tin substitution was enacted through a transnational collaboration among colonial institutions, entrepreneurs in colonies and marketing strategists across geographies and territories.

This paper provokes further reflections on the importance of socially constructed meanings in shaping the market value of a product and the understanding of embedded political value systems in marketing generic commodities. Future research may adopt this perspective to reassess the framing of meanings of commodities in the contemporary setting, especially against rising concerns on the sustainability of mining natural resources, including minerals.

This study integrates the perspectives of Malayan tin producers in reframing the meaning of a commodity and so, widens the scope of historical analyses of commodities beyond the industrialized global North. It reassesses how a commodity’s marketing value evolves and interacts with colonial politics. It also highlights the collaborative nature of colonial governments and local producers in developing new uses and representations of a generic commodity to create new markets for its consumption.

Traditional benchmarking can leave us chasing the wrong—or at least noncritical—things. Tom Peters calls benchmarking “the tendency to choose obvious rather than kinky/off‐beat comparisons.” … We're going to need to go beyond benchmarking.

Creates a framework for evaluating the marketing strategy dimensions of remanufacturing. Discusses resource recapture and how diffusion theory may be applied to the adoption of the remanufacturing/remarketing concept. Concludes that the diffusion of renovation will depend on the right firms having the right motivations to adopt the concept of remanufacturing/remarketing.

Sets out the simple structure of a decision dilemma. Shows how to evaluate the possible scenarios that could be encountered. Discusses the role of probability and shows how to combine probability and economic consequences into a simple comparison between risky and conservative courses of action. Concludes that uncertainty need not stop decision making; dilemmas can be resolved.