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1 – 10 of 17Bryan Lilly and Tammy R. Nelson
Marketers occasionally seek short‐term opportunities through marketing fads. The literature offers little guidance to these marketers and is even discouraging by noting that fads…
Abstract
Marketers occasionally seek short‐term opportunities through marketing fads. The literature offers little guidance to these marketers and is even discouraging by noting that fads do not satisfy strong consumer needs. Our research examines the fad construct. We offer a revised conceptualization of fads and examine the importance of fads in consumption. Interviews and surveys are used to develop and validate a segmentation typology. We find eight motivation‐based segments that differ in ways that suggest how marketers might target buyers in these segments. In contrast to prior views, an encouraging finding for marketing is that we find that fad purchases often do satisfy strong consumption needs.
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Niko Suhonen, Timo Tammi, Jani Saastamoinen, Jarkko Pesu, Matti Turtiainen and Lasse Okkonen
Public procurement of innovations (PPIs) addresses a specified need of the public-sector customer or aims at fostering private firms’ innovativeness. In an operational sense…
Abstract
Purpose
Public procurement of innovations (PPIs) addresses a specified need of the public-sector customer or aims at fostering private firms’ innovativeness. In an operational sense, issues of information asymmetry and risk sharing between the public agency and the supplier are of paramount importance. The purpose of this paper is to focus on the contract design issues of PPI.
Design/methodology/approach
Explicit and implicit contracting methods are reviewed, and a conceptual framework is proposed in which procurement characteristics are analyzed, focusing on the dimensions of the supplier’s sensitivity to the procurement risk and the power of implicit contracting methods.
Findings
Because of its complex nature, applying cost-plus contracts instead of more common fixed-price contracts is advisable in PPI.
Originality/value
Possible reasons for the more prominent role of contract design in the USA as opposed to the European Union procurement are discussed.
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Michael A. Abebe, Sarah Kimakwa and Tammi Redd
This paper contributes to research in social entrepreneurship by introducing a typology that describes four distinct types of social entrepreneurs based on the nature of their…
Abstract
Purpose
This paper contributes to research in social entrepreneurship by introducing a typology that describes four distinct types of social entrepreneurs based on the nature of their lives and career experiences and the scope of their social engagement.
Design/methodology/approach
In order to build a typology of social entrepreneurs, inductive profile analysis and archival research design approaches were used. A large variety of social entrepreneur profiles that are available in prominent social entrepreneurship organizations such as Ashoka Foundation, Echoing Green, Schwab Foundation and Skoll Foundation were examined.
Findings
Using four types of social entrepreneurs from the typology, the authors developed a number of predictions as to how social entrepreneurs with an activist background may benefit more in the short term but possibly struggle in the long term given their attachment to their venture's “original” cause and lack of corporate/business experience.
Originality/value
By developing a typology of social entrepreneurs and discussing the implications of this typology for post-launch social venture performance, the paper advances the current understanding of social entrepreneurs and the performance of their ventures. Additionally, by focusing on social entrepreneurs as agents of social change, this paper sheds some light on who these entrepreneurs are, what kind of life and career experiences they had and what motivates them to engage in social entrepreneurship.
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Michael E. Parker and Tammy Rapp
The various stock market indexes are interrelated due to the similar fundamentals which determine the movement in the respective markets. Applying the efficient market hypothesis…
Abstract
The various stock market indexes are interrelated due to the similar fundamentals which determine the movement in the respective markets. Applying the efficient market hypothesis, an investor should not be able to predict the movement of one index based on the past movement of another index. If the stock markets are efficient, then no long term comovement should exist between stock market indexes. The existence of a long term relation can be tested by use of cointegration tests and common serial correlation feature tests. If no cointegration exists and if no common serial correlation feature exists, then we would not be rejecting efficiency of the stock markets. Using the S&P 500 stock index, the Wilshire 5000 index, and the NASDAQ index, the Hang Seng index, the Footsie index, and the Nikkei index to proxy world stock market indexes, the empirical results of the cointegration and common feature test support the efficiency of the stock markets in most instances. However, the Footsie index consistently demonstrated a relation with the three US stock market indexes included in the study.
Andreas Herbert Glas and Michael Eßig
One of the major methods to promote small- and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) in public procurement is to split tenders into lots. The basic assumption is that SMEs have better…
Abstract
Purpose
One of the major methods to promote small- and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) in public procurement is to split tenders into lots. The basic assumption is that SMEs have better chances of awarding smaller or more specialized contracts. This paper aims to investigate whether this widely accepted assumption is correct.
Design/methodology/approach
This article examines four hypotheses about the factors that influence SME success in public procurement. The empirical analysis uses real data from 380 contract award files and logistic regression to test the hypotheses.
Findings
The results show that a higher number of lots in a tender does not significantly increase the success rate of SMEs, and other factors, including the type of public procurement procedure, the number of participating companies and the overall tender volume, significantly influence SME success.
Research limitations/implications
There are several implications for theory and practice, including the need to further strengthen the academic evaluation of public procurement policies, the suggestion to implement SME support instruments in public legislation with the utmost caution in practice and the managerial indication that SME competitiveness is more relevant to their success in public bidding than public support policies.
Originality/value
The findings stand in fundamental contrast to the legal regulations, which postulate that lots are the driving force for SME promotion in public procurement. This is also in contrast to public procurement policies that, for many years, have recommended splitting contracts into smaller lots to become SME-friendly.
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Vicki Blakney Eveland, Tammy Neal Crutchfield and Ania Izabela Rynarzewska
This paper aims to address the complex nature of social performance (CSP/CSR) in building a trust-based consumer relationship. The relative and aggregate influence of corporate…
Abstract
Purpose
This paper aims to address the complex nature of social performance (CSP/CSR) in building a trust-based consumer relationship. The relative and aggregate influence of corporate functional performance, corporate social performance (CSP) and shared values within a trust-based customer–brand relationship and their impact on behavioral loyalty in the forms of retention, referral and ease of voice are empirically tested.
Design/methodology/approach
Respondents were recruited to participate in a study on ice cream shop preferences. Structural equation modeling was used to simultaneously test the effects of independent variables on dependent variables.
Findings
Shared values mediate the effect that CSP has on trust and all loyalty behaviors. Trust has a significant influence on one behavior:retention.
Research limitations/implications
The findings may be specific by industry, product type or consumer involvement. Further tests should be performed with varying levels of each.
Practical implications
Millennial consumers expect organizations/brands to engage in CSR activities, and, because of increased CSP reporting, are aware of an organization’s CSR efforts. If the CSP does not reflect the customer’s value system (shared values), the long-term relationship can be impacted negatively. Firms must strategically consider the values communicated by their CSR activities to build and care for long-term relationships with their target consumer.
Originality/value
This research is the first to integrate and test a comprehensive consumer relationship model of CSP.
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Tammy L. Madsen, Elaine Mosakowski and Srilata Zaheer
This empirical paper investigates the relationships between the amount of human capital that flows into a firm and two activities underlying a firm’s knowledge production…
Abstract
This empirical paper investigates the relationships between the amount of human capital that flows into a firm and two activities underlying a firm’s knowledge production, variation or change and knowledge retention. We track the flow of human capital within and across organizational and geographic space for all multi‐unit banks operating in the world foreign exchange trade industry from 1973 to 1993. The findings indicate that an increased reliance on past experience reduces how much human capital a firm imports in the future. This effect is moderated by a self‐reinforcing cycle of human capital inflow. Inflows of human capital also decline when a firm has recently adopted novel changes in its operations. The paper uses evolutionary thinking to define a model for intrafirm knowledge production.
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As the subject of female criminology in South Africa has only recently been dealt with in a qualitative manner, this paper aims to explore if there is a potential link between…
Abstract
Purpose
As the subject of female criminology in South Africa has only recently been dealt with in a qualitative manner, this paper aims to explore if there is a potential link between rehabilitation, reintegration support and recidivism as females are often placed back into the environment which prompted their criminal behaviour, further excluding them from rehabilitative reform, which might lead them to recidivate.
Design/methodology/approach
The research adopted a qualitative approach using in-depth, semi-structured interviews with six participants that were chosen purposively.
Findings
The paper notes a potential link between rehabilitation, reintegration support and recidivism as the female prisoners are imprinted with criminal dispositions since rehabilitation within the correctional facility has no implementation process to ensure that restoration can continue after they have been released.
Research limitations/implications
Due to the limited number of the incarcerated female population and the scope of the preliminary study, the sample comprised of only six female offenders. As such, it contributes to the larger discourse of female criminality, but does not offer any recommendations.
Practical implications
Provides an understanding of the conditions in which the females are released. Allows for the inclusion of the female’s voice on, and reflection of, rehabilitation and recidivism. Notes a link between rehabilitation, reintegration and recidivism. Creates a pathway for further research in the exploration of a gendered reform approach.
Originality/value
While the subject of female criminology in South Africa has only recently been dealt with in a qualitative manner, this study offers an insight into how females who offend are often placed back into the environment which prompted their criminal behaviour.
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Tammy Ivins, Kimberly Copenhaver and Alyssa Koclanes
This paper aims to outline foundational research on adult transition theory and transfer shock in higher education to provide the reader with a theoretical and practical framework…
Abstract
Purpose
This paper aims to outline foundational research on adult transition theory and transfer shock in higher education to provide the reader with a theoretical and practical framework for the library-focused articles in this special issue.
Design/methodology/approach
This paper is a review of relevant higher education literature related to transfer shock and core research related to adult transitional theory.
Findings
Transition is a period in-between moments of stability. The state of confusion and disorientation caused by the transition of transfer students from one academic culture to another is a form of culture shock known as transfer shock. “Transfer shock” refers to the decline in academic performance by transfer students immediately following transition to an institution of higher education and the corresponding recovery prevalent for most students in succeeding semesters. Recent studies have expanded the definition of transfer shock to include the academic and social factors that contribute to attrition and lack of degree persistence. Key factors that correlate to transfer students’ success or failure include gender, race, time of transfer, GPA, prior academic success, faculty collaboration, level of engagement with degree program and campus support.
Originality/value
Although most literature on transfer students published by librarians includes literature reviews citing relevant articles, it lacks an extensive literature review collecting research from social science and education literature.
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Peggy Cunningham, Minette E. Drumwright and Kenneth William Foster
The purpose of this paper is to explore the question of why sex harassment persists in organizations for prolonged periods – often as an open secret.
Abstract
Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to explore the question of why sex harassment persists in organizations for prolonged periods – often as an open secret.
Design/methodology/approach
In-depth interviews were conducted with 28 people in diverse organizations experiencing persistent sex harassment. Data were analyzed using standard qualitative methods.
Findings
The overarching finding was that perpetrators were embedded in networks of complicity that were central to explaining the persistence of sex harassment in organizations. By using power and manipulating information, perpetrators built networks that protected them from sanction and enabled their behavior to continue unchecked. Networks of complicity metastasized and caused lasting harm to victims, other employees and the organization as a whole.
Research limitations/implications
The authors used broad, open-ended questions and guided introspection to guard against the tendency to ask for information to confirm their assumptions, and the authors analyzed the data independently to mitigate subjectivity and establish reliability.
Practical implications
To stop persistent sex harassment, not only must perpetrators be removed, but formal and informal ties among network of complicity members must also be weakened or broken, and victims must be integrated into networks of support. Bystanders must be trained and activated to take positive action, and power must be diffused through egalitarian leadership.
Social implications
Understanding the power of networks in enabling perpetrators to persist in their destructive behavior is another step in countering sex harassment.
Originality/value
Social network theory has rarely been used to understand sex harassment or why it persists.
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