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This paper aims to outline foundational research on adult transition theory and transfer shock in higher education to provide the reader with a theoretical and practical framework for the library-focused articles in this special issue.

This paper is a review of relevant higher education literature related to transfer shock and core research related to adult transitional theory.

Transition is a period in-between moments of stability. The state of confusion and disorientation caused by the transition of transfer students from one academic culture to another is a form of culture shock known as transfer shock. “Transfer shock” refers to the decline in academic performance by transfer students immediately following transition to an institution of higher education and the corresponding recovery prevalent for most students in succeeding semesters. Recent studies have expanded the definition of transfer shock to include the academic and social factors that contribute to attrition and lack of degree persistence. Key factors that correlate to transfer students’ success or failure include gender, race, time of transfer, GPA, prior academic success, faculty collaboration, level of engagement with degree program and campus support.

Although most literature on transfer students published by librarians includes literature reviews citing relevant articles, it lacks an extensive literature review collecting research from social science and education literature.

Female students comprise a significant number of the accounting student population at four-year institutions. Likewise, a significant number of students have chosen to enroll and earn associate degrees at a community college, and subsequently transfer to a four-year college or university. According to the National Center for Education Statistics, more than half of the students enrolled in two-year institutions were female. Moreover, 57% of college students in the United States are females. This study provides empirical evidence on the interaction between gender and transfer versus native accounting students in their academic performance during and after shock periods. According to the literature, the shock period includes two semesters after a two-year college student transfers to a four-year college. The results of this study indicate that female and male transfer students do not perform equally in their accounting courses compared to their native counterparts, that is, male transfer students in accounting performed worse than female transfer students and native students (male and female) both during and after the “shock” period. These findings may have practical implications for administrators and accounting departments since male transfer students appear to need more assistance to absorb transfer shock when they join four-year colleges and possibly even after their first year at the four-year institution.

This study analyses the impact of fiscal shocks on GDP, inflation and interest rates in Portugal over 1995–2017.

Multipliers are estimated using a structural VAR (SVAR) a' la Blanchard and Perotti (2002) using OECD elasticities. Changes in direct and indirect taxes are considered for fiscal shocks on the revenue side and changes in public consumption, investment and transfers for fiscal shocks on the expenditure side.

The analysis finds small tax multipliers and larger government consumption multipliers for growth, while short-term responses to shocks in transfer and investment spending are found to be negligible. Fiscal shocks have an ambiguous impact on inflation, and fiscal shocks of an expansionary nature are found to trigger declines in interest rates. The results are robust to different orderings of variables, to the selection of an alternative time period which excludes the financial crisis and to an alternative estimation technique.

A major limitation of the study relates to the relatively short time period which does not allow capturing the impact of possible structural breaks.

This analysis is relevant for countries, like Portugal, that display high debt levels and volatile market sentiment and lack an independent monetary policy.

Overall, the analysis of output multipliers compares well with some other studies conducted on the Portuguese economy and confirms the importance of the disposable income channel in the transmission of fiscal shocks to the rest of the economy. The study is one of the first to focus also on the implications of fiscal shocks on inflation and long-term interest rates. It is the first to apply the local projection method to estimate multipliers in Portugal.

This chapter reports the results of a study of student performance in upper-level accounting courses, especially intermediate accounting I and cost accounting. Of particular interest is the performance of students who transferred the introductory accounting courses from a two-year institution versus native four-year students. We found that after controlling for a number of aptitudinal and demographic variables, transfer students performed at a significantly lower level than native students. On average, the difference was about 0.8 of a grade point. This study also provides evidence of grade inflation at two-year institutions relative to our four-year institution; documents a mean lag time of more than two years for community college students between taking principles of accounting courses and the upper-level courses; and shows that although the transfer shock lessens as the students continue in the major, it does not disappear. We also discuss the implications of our findings.

This study aims to examine the systemic risk contagion in banks from 15 US states using extreme shocks in their distance to risk.

The authors contemplate a model that inputs co-exceedances in the base US states’ banking sector as the dependent variable and the co-exceedances in other states’ banking sector (along with other underlying variables of a banking system) as the explanatory variables.

The authors find smaller states transmit and receive more systemic shocks than their larger counterparts and larger states exhibit a better shock-resisting capacity than their smaller counterparts. The authors also find that bigger shocks are more contagious than the smaller shocks.

This will be the first paper that will investigate the inner linkage of US states’ banking network using three different distance to risk methods, thus providing timely guidance for regulators.

Considering the importance of human capital in innovation, entrepreneurship and thus economic development, this study attempts to examine formal learning as a mechanism of human capital development in institutions of higher learning. Ironically, students in such institutions are automatically assumed to learn and accumulate pertinent capacity, which would then enable them to compete in the business world or pursue further studies in future. Consequently, lack of this cognizance culminates in little being known about how students learn to accumulate knowledge, skills and requisite competencies. Notwithstanding this, the challenges posed in the twenty-first century require well-rounded students those especially who can address the global transformations witnessed in the business arena. The purpose of this paper is an attempt to fill this gap using data from the University of Dubai (UD) to examine how formal learning takes place in an institution and what determines it.

Learning is conceptualized in terms of knowledge, skills and competencies accumulated as proxied by cumulative general point aggregate. All the data used came from the UD. In addition to in-depth descriptive analysis, the study uses limited dependent techniques to identify the most significant determinants of institutional learning.

The empirical results generated indicate that demographic characteristics such as age, nationality and gender had a positive effect on learning. Moreover, a student’s initial condition influenced his/her learning positively. Whereas the mode of study under personal preferences did not seem to affect learning, the number of course sections taken had a positive influence on learning. As anticipated, student transfer had a negative influence on learning. The number of credit hours accumulated affected learning positively.

The main limitation of this study is that results are only applicable within a limited geographical scope, and thus they cannot be generalized for global consumption. Nonetheless, the discussion and results obtained make insights to any future-related studies.

As pointed out in the previous sections, learning will be conceptualized in the form of knowledge, skills and competency acquisition. In a school setting, knowledge, skills and competencies are better captured by the grade attained in each subject. The general student learning can, therefore, be equally captured by the cumulative grade point aggregate. The authors purport that learning can be visualized, or in other words conceptualized, as a complex process that is determined by five main factors that include demographic characteristics; student initial condition; personal preferences and choices; and time factor curriculum and anticipated future career.

The purpose of this paper is to compare the perceptions of Bank Saderat Iran’s (BSI) customers in Isfahan and Dubai to find the probable differences in BSI service quality in these cities.

The required data were collected by adapted Bank Service Quality (BSQ) questionnaire from two samples of BSI customers (300 in Isfahan and 100 in Dubai). In this research, BSQ was measured by seven dimensions, including Bahia and Nantel (2000) BSQ dimensions, and globalization of bank services as the added dimension. The factor analysis was used to analyze the data, independent-samples t-test for comparing the means and Friedman test for ranking of the BSQ dimensions and items.

The results of this research revealed a relative satisfaction of customers with BSI service quality in both cities; however, the respondents in Dubai perceived a higher service quality. The most important dimensions were access and effectiveness and assurance in Isfahan and reliability and tangibles in Dubai. In addition, although these cities are located in developing countries, the respondents’ perceptions were similar to those in developed countries.

It is proposed that BSI managers should eliminate the barriers to prompt service provision, review service charges, integrate decision-making systems, decrease the bureaucratic factors and provide training programs to increase the personnel’s’ interactive skills in Isfahan.

A few studies have been conducted in the field of BSQ in Iran banking industry, and none has measured BSQ using a cross-country and cross-cultural method. No research has been conducted on BSI service quality in Isfahan and Dubai, and this is the first research in both cities. Furthermore, it is one of the few times that a specific tool is used for measuring BSQ in Iran banking industry.

The objectives of this paper are to analyze the drivers of smoked marine fish prices and examine the challenges along the value chain to inform policy.

The study relies on cross-sectional data from 158 fish smokers, 100 wholesalers, and 120 retailers in Ghana. The challenges faced by the actors along the chain are identified and ranked using Kendall's coefficient of concordance. The three-stage least square estimation approach is employed to control for endogeneity resulting from the simultaneous equations for prices of different fish types and their substitutes.

The results reveal that marketing experience, the extent of competition, price of substitutes, payment terms, and variable cost items, such as transportation cost and storage charges, are key determinants of smoked fish prices along the value chain. Lack of access to credit is the main constraint to the marketing of smoked marine fish, irrespective of the actor or the fish type.

Many studies have established the linkages between fish consumption, prices, and food security in the literature. However, there is a dearth of information on the responsiveness of fish prices to changes in the market and seller-specific factors to drive policy to stabilize prices along the value chain.

The peer review history for this article is available at: https://publons.com/publon/10.1108/IJSE-09-2021-0566

The purpose of this paper is to make research on causing mechanism of meteorological disaster as well as the components of meteorological disaster system and their semantic relationships. It has important practical significance due to the urgent need of further providing support for pre-assessment of influences of disastrous weather/climate events and promoting the level of emergency management.

This paper analyses the occurrence regulations and components of meteorological disasters and proposes the concept of meta-action. Ontology modelling method is adopted to describe the components and relationships among different parts comprising meteorological disaster system, and semantic web rule language is selected to identify the implicit relationships among the domain knowledge explicitly defined in ontology model. Besides, a case is studied to elaborate how to provide logic and semantic information support for comprehensive risk assessment of disastrous weather/climate events based on rule-based ontology reasoning method. It proves that ontology modelling and reasoning method is effective in providing decision makings.

This paper provides deep analyses about causing mechanisms of meteorological disasters, and implements information fusion of the components of meteorological disaster system and acquisition of potential semantic relations among ontology components and their individuals.

In this paper, on the basis of analysing the disaster-causing mechanisms, the meteorological disaster ontology (MDO) model is proposed by using the ontology modelling and reasoning method. MDO can be applied to provide decision makings for meteorological departments.