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The purpose of this conceptual paper is to explore the potential of regenerative tourism practices and their influence on destinations and their stakeholders from a community development approach focusing on Nordic lifestyle entrepreneurs. We focus on small and micro-sized enterprises (SMiEs) that conform to the realities of tourism systems in Nordic regions.

We explore how community development can be used as an approach for regenerative tourism and vice versa. Our conceptual paper builds from recent work of the Nordic Regenerative Tourism project, which aims to develop place-based practices for SMiEs that contribute to the regeneration of natural and cultural resources.

Regenerative tourism research should focus on developing tools that aid in capacity sharing and equitable partnerships through a community development approach. However, there is a lack of understanding of the processes of how to implement this in real world practice. More research is needed in developing tools to mobilize Nordic communities, particularly within the countryside to help transform tourism towards a regenerative model. It was found that much of these efforts comes from MSMEs. Therefore, more case studies are needed to understand how and why lifestyle entrepreneurs play in community revitalization efforts and the potential linkages with regenerative tourism management and marketing.

This conceptual paper contributes to the discussion of regenerative tourism and focus on smaller countryside communities within the Nordics. We argue that community development is linked with the concept of regenerative tourism through lifestyle entrepreneurs.

This research endeavours to achieve two primary objectives within the context of regenerative tourism (RT). Firstly, the study aims to explore the trends and conceptual structure of RT, mapping its scope through a bibliometric analysis. Building upon the knowledge garnered from the initial exploration, the second aim is to establish a regenerative stakeholder framework for tourism, grounded in biodiversity.

Data from the Web of Science (WoS) and Scopus were collected for a bibliometric analysis in this research. The merged database found a total of 42 publications.

Based on bibliometric analysis in Biblioshiny, six indicators were identified (e.g. the annual publications, the most cited studies, productive countries, journals and thematic map). Furthermore, the authors' keyword analysis was conducted using the VOSviewer software package, revealing four clusters, namely, stakeholders, ecotourism, circular economy and climate change.

This research's scope is restricted to Scopus and WoS through 21 February 2024. Future research could broaden RT perspectives through different databases.

The research offers the RT stakeholder framework developed based on the RT and stakeholder theory.

This research advances awareness of the Earth's current needs and the literature on tourism stakeholders by establishing a biodiversity-based regenerative stakeholders' framework in which both human and non-human stakeholders can coexist.

本研究旨在实现再生旅游背景下的两个主要目标。首先, 研究旨在通过文献计量分析探讨再生旅游的趋势和概念结构, 通过映射其范围来实现目标。第二个目标是在从初步探索中获得的知识基础上, 建立一个以生物多样性为基础的旅游再生利益相关者框架。

本研究收集了来自Web of Science（WoS）和Scopus的数据, 进行了文献计量分析。合并后的数据库共找到42篇出版物。

基于Biblioshiny中的文献计量分析, 识别了六个指标（例如, 年度出版物, 最常引用的研究, 富有成效的国家, 期刊和主题图）。此外, 使用VOSviewer软件包进行了作者的关键词分析, 揭示了四个簇, 即利益相关者, 生态旅游, 循环经济和气候变化。

本研究的范围限于截至2024年2月21日的Scopus和WoS。未来的研究可以通过不同的数据库拓宽再生旅游的视角。

该研究提供了基于再生旅游和利益相关者理论发展的再生旅游利益相关者框架。

本研究通过建立一个以生物多样性为基础的再生利益相关者框架, 增进了对地球当前需求和旅游利益相关者文献的认识, 在这个框架中, 人类和非人类利益相关者可以共存。

Esta investigación tiene dos objetivos principales dentro del contexto del turismo regenerativo. El primer objetivo es explorar las tendencias y la estructura conceptual del turismo regenerativo, mapeando su alcance a través de un análisis bibliométrico. El segundo objetivo, basándose en el conocimiento obtenido en la exploración inicial, es establecer un marco de agentes del turismo regenerativo fundamentado en la biodiversidad.

En esta investigación se recopilaron datos de la Web of Science (WoS) y de Scopus para realizar un análisis bibliométrico. La base de datos combinada encontró un total de 42 publicaciones.

A partir del análisis bibliométrico en Biblioshiny se identificaron seis indicadores (por ejemplo, las publicaciones anuales, los estudios más citados, los países productivos, revistas y el mapa temático). Además, se realizó un análisis de palabras clave de los autores utilizando el software VOSviewer, que reveló cuatro grupos, a saber: agentes, ecoturismo, economía circular y cambio climático.

El alcance de esta investigación se limita a Scopus y WoS hasta el 21 de febrero de 2024. Futuras investigaciones podrían ampliar las perspectivas del turismo regenerativo a través de diferentes bases de datos.

La investigación ofrece el marco de los agentes del turismo regenerativo desarrollado a partir de la teoría del turismo regenerativo y los grupos de interés.

Esta investigación avanza en el conocimiento de las necesidades actuales de la Tierra y en la literatura sobre los grupos de interés del turismo al establecer un marco de actores regenerativos basado en la biodiversidad en el que pueden coexistir agentes humanos y no humanos.

After COVID-19, the tourism industry has been reshaped through a cycle of intertwined crises. So, the tourism industry has been the scene of discussions on how to proceed against vulnerabilities and uncertainties in recent years. Destinations have begun to think differently in terms of competitive advantage in order to survive. Therefore, the success of the tourism industry needs a change in mindset in order to keep up with the transformation accelerated by COVID-19. Regenerative tourism has triggered the search for a different mindset beyond sustainable tourism efforts by addressing responsibility and creativity together. As a result of these searches, regenerative tourism reveals a philosophical perspective as a mindset. Most of the studies on regenerative tourism contain conceptual clarification efforts. However, there is a need for a macro evaluation of regenerative tourism management on a destination basis. This chapter discusses the design of an appropriate policy and planning for the management of regenerative tourism. Regenerative tourism emphasizes a conscious intervention in the tourism industry with its creativity and innovative and responsible characteristics. This intervention can be evaluated within the scope of destination policy and planning for solving the problems about standardization and commercialization. Thus, it will conceptually be tried to put forward a planning and policymaking process that is suitable for regenerative tourism.

Despite the concept of regenerative tourism (RT) is still under research, there are recognized attempts to conceptualize RT from different thoughts, paradigms, worldviews and frameworks, even though the integral or alternative paradigms lack a detailed description. Therefore, the goal of this chapter is to overview the current debates on the background of RT, its definitions and its relationship with sustainability and tourism besides exploring the RT paradigms, principles and objectives in extant literature.

The hospitality industry has been debating the merits of sustainable tourism for some time, but more and more people are becoming interested in regenerative tourism. The concept of regenerative tourism goes beyond that of sustainable tourism in that it seeks to restore and regenerate both the natural environment and the communities in which it operates. The Chinese hospitality industry has been expanding at a rapid rate and has the potential to adopt practices that are associated with regenerative tourism. This chapter investigated the hospitality industry of China and the shift from sustainable tourism to regenerative tourism. Consumer expectations, government programmes, and AI are driving this shift from sustainable to regenerative tourism. Despite the challenges of transitioning tourism from sustainable to regenerative, many Chinese initiatives and programmes are helping the environment and communities.

This chapter explores the concept of regenerative tourism as a sustainable approach to travel and destination development. It examines the interconnectedness of regenerative agriculture and tourism, incorporating the adaptive cycle model and principles from the regenerative development framework. The chapter proposes a conceptual framework comprising five design dimensions: regeneration mindset, inherent potential, systems capability, intended system effects and tasks and resources. These dimensions guide the design and development of regenerative tourism interventions, aiming to shift the tourism regime towards regeneration. The chapter highlights the importance of adopting an ecological worldview, discovering the unique potential of each place, leveraging tourism living systems, creating regenerative places and communities and collaborating to enact regenerative approaches. Regenerative tourism offers solutions for rethinking and rebuilding the tourism industry, enhancing local economies, preserving cultures and biodiversity and providing transformative experiences for guests. The descriptive methodology allows for a comprehensive exploration and explanation of the conceptual framework and its potential implications for the tourism industry. It serves to inform readers about the key concepts, principles and dimensions of regenerative tourism, facilitating a better understanding of its theoretical foundations and practical applications. The chapter concludes that regenerative tourism requires a change in the economic model and societal perspective, focusing on qualitative development and improving human well-being through ecosystem health. It recommends the adoption of regenerative practices, emphasizing the positive impacts on destinations and stakeholders. Future directions include further research on regenerative tourism's effectiveness, exploring innovative strategies and technologies and fostering collaboration among stakeholders to enhance its implementation.

This chapter examines the effect of the Regenerative Tourism Movement on the global industry and the role of Artificial Intelligence (AI) in driving sustainability and innovation. The Regenerative Tourism Movement represents a paradigm shift in the tourism industry, focussing on the interconnectedness of economic, social, cultural, and environmental well-being. This approach aims to generate positive impacts on local systems by fostering partnerships, diversity in local economies, and transformative experiences for travelers. This chapter explores the key principles and nature-based solutions associated with regenerative tourism. Additionally, it delves into the role of AI in the tourism sector, highlighting its potential to enhance sustainability practices, deliver personalised experiences, and streamline operations. Various AI tools and technologies, such as data analytics, machine learning, natural language processing, computer vision, IoT integration, recommender systems, optimisation algorithms, blockchain technology, and AR/VR, are discussed in the context of regenerative tourism. This chapter concludes by outlining the benefits of AI in sustainable and regenerative tourism, emphasising reduced environmental impact, enhanced efficiency, and improved customer service. It also highlights the challenges and considerations associated with AI adoption in the tourism industry. Recommendations for the integration of AI-driven solutions and future directions for research in this field are provided, aiming to inspire further exploration and implementation of AI in regenerative tourism.

The research paper aims to explore how tour guides can contribute to regenerative tourism and the ways in which natureculture guiding practices align with stakeholder interests and the perspectives of tourism futures.

The ethnographic study used a multispecies approach to nature-based tourism in Arctic Norway and Sápmi, incorporating a Sámi methodology and non-human relationality.

The tour guides recognise that they are part of a more-than-human world and practice ethics that are responsible for their relations to non-human actors. Transformative experiences that are active learning opportunities can strengthen a sense of care within the tourists and pose as potential regenerative incomes in local communities, instead of extractive industries. Local knowledge and Sámi ways of being have a vital role in the tour guides' natureculture practices, which can revitalise cultural heritage and strengthen Indigenous empowerment.

The article suggests that tourism management and local governments must prioritise the support of tour guide initiatives involving restorative properties for socio-ecological systems. Citizen science and cultural activities are some ways that can generate a thriving ecosystem and create meaningful interactions between local communities and tourists.

The research highlights the unique role of tour guides as intermediaries who can translate regenerative principles into action, communicate the essence of place and take part in innovative collaborations. Tour guide practices align with the stakeholder view that tourism futures should benefit the communities and respect ecological limits.

This study discusses the concepts of responsible tourism and creative tourism through regenerative tourism, which has sparked a debate, particularly in the post-pandemic world, and reviews these concepts in terms of their similarities and differences in light of current literature. It is also aimed to develop a framework within the scope of sustainable development goals for regenerative destination development through responsible and creative tourism. Within this context, this study analyzes the potential of responsible and creative tourism for regenerative destination development.

This section of our study will serve as an exhibit of practices and activities falling within the scope of sustainable gastronomy. Moreover, on the basis of the concept of sustainability, the issue at hand is planned to be addressed by putting the emphasis on principles defined for regenerative (innovative) practices and on elements and factors which differentiate regenerative tourism from a conventional tourism understanding.