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Expert briefing
Publication date: 17 January 2022

Moscow hosted the meeting, implicitly claiming the role of arbiter in the South Caucasus. The 'normalisation' initiative is an unexpected development since it follows Turkey's…

Expert briefing
Publication date: 21 July 2023

Relations between Azerbaijan and Iran have tended to oscillate between distrust and outright animosity. However, recent events and official statements signal that the two sides…

Expert briefing
Publication date: 22 February 2021

The two-month conflict between Azerbaijani and Armenian forces has produced a breakthrough in an unexpected area: rail routes providing the South Caucasus with new connectivity…

Expert briefing
Publication date: 10 May 2021

As the new US administration seeks to re-engage with Iran, both Washington and Ankara have launched negotiations with Tehran's enemy Saudi Arabia. Iran and Turkey have major…

Expert briefing
Publication date: 7 June 2023

Iran perceives that it has become isolated in the South Caucasus, as a result of changing geopolitical relations over the past three years. Israel has increased its presence…

Expert briefing
Publication date: 7 February 2024

This follows years of the region being regarded as of peripheral interest to Brussels. Nonetheless, relations have not always been smooth.

Expert briefing
Publication date: 19 April 2023

The confrontation is the first such incident since the EU civilian mission in Armenia (EUMA) was launched on February 20 to observe the border from the Armenian side. It was the…

Expert briefing
Publication date: 18 August 2022

Interest in the 'Middle Corridor' was revived after Russia invaded Ukraine and expanding Western sanctions raised the commercial risk for carriers. Despite enthusiasm among…

Expert briefing
Publication date: 5 October 2018

The apparent mismanagement of Turkish gas imports.

Expert briefing
Publication date: 23 December 2015

Turkish-Russian relations may suffer long-lasting damage from the downing of a Russian Su-24 military jet on the Turkish-Syrian border. Turkey has started looking to diversify…

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