Search results

To elaborate the nature of fact-checking in the domain of political information by examining how fact-checkers assess the validity of claims concerning the Russo-Ukrainian conflict and how they support their assessments by drawing on evidence acquired from diverse sources of information.

Descriptive quantitative and qualitative content analysis of 128 reports written by the fact-checkers of Snopes – an established fact-checking organisation – during the period of 24 February 2022 – 28 June, 2023. For the analysis, nine evaluation grounds were identified, most of them inductively from the empirical material. It was examined how the fact-checkers employed such grounds while assessing the validity of claims and how the assessments were bolstered by evidence acquired from information sources such as newspapers.

Of the 128 reports, the share of assessments indicative of the invalidity of the claims was 54.7%, while the share of positive ratings was 26.7%. The share of mixed assessments was 15.6%. In the fact-checking, two evaluation grounds, that is, the correctness of information and verifiability of an event presented in a claim formed the basis for the assessment. Depending on the topic of the claim, grounds such as temporal and spatial compatibility, as well as comparison by similarity and difference occupied a central role. Most popular sources of information offering evidence for the assessments include statements of government representatives, videos and photographs shared in social media, newspapers and television programmes.

As the study concentrated on fact-checking dealing with political information about a specific issue, the findings cannot be extended to concern the fact-checking practices in other contexts.

The study is among the first to characterise how fact-checkers employ evaluation grounds of diverse kind while assessing the validity of political information.

The purpose of this paper is to analyze the impact of different information source on consumer attitudes toward genetically modified food.

The data used in this study are obtained from a large-scale nationwide consumers' survey in urban China conducted by the China Center for Agricultural Policy, Peking University, in 2020. A descriptive analysis between information sources and consumer attitudes toward GM food was conducted. Based on the collected data, an econometric model on the determinants of consumer attitudes was constructed and used for analysis.

This study shows that the impact of new media is currently no different than that of traditional media, indicating that the media campaign successfully reduced the spread of rumors and misinformation regarding GM food. Moreover, this study also shows that consumers whose main information source regarding GM foods is school hold more positive feelings toward such food.

This study contributes to the existing literature by examining the impact of information source on consumer attitudes toward GM food. To reverse consumers' negative attitudes, China has launched a widespread media campaign since the first decade of the 2000s. Results of this study show that authorities' efforts to manage and surveil new media have yielded the desired outcome.

This research examines the underlying psychological process of customers' impulsive buying on social media through the lens of customer inspiration. Drawing on the customer inspiration theory, it identifies the factors influencing customer inspiration on social media from three perspectives: source characteristics, platform characteristics and personal characteristics, which subsequently lead to impulsive buying. Since the conceptualization of source credibility includes three mostly reported components: attractiveness, expertise and trustworthiness, it further contrasts the effects of three dimensions of source credibility on customer inspiration.

A structural equation model of customers' impulsive buying on social media was developed through the lens of customer inspiration. An online survey with 625 participants was conducted to test the hypotheses, and the partial least squares (PLS3) method was used.

This research found that source credibility, social presence and customer innovativeness are antecedents of customer inspiration on social media, which positively influence the inspired-by state of the customers, which impacts the inspired-to state and further leads to impulsive buying. By comparing the three dimensions of source credibility, the authors found that attractiveness and expertise positively affect the inspired-by state, while trustworthiness has no significant effect.

This research establishes the link between impulsive buying and customer inspiration, which provides a new psychological perspective to understand impulsive buying. In addition, it investigates the source characteristics of customer inspiration by comparing the effect of three dimensions of source credibility on customer inspiration, which provides the first evidence for connecting customer inspiration and source credibility.

The purpose of this paper is to establish a three-dimensional flow field model of the Invar alloy laser–metal inert gas (laser–MIG) hybrid welding process to investigate the influence of different heat sources between different layers and to analyze the flow field based on the two different heat source models for the multilayer welding.

The Invar steel plates with 19.5 mm thickness are welded into three layers’ seam using the hybrid laser–MIG welding technology. The flow field based on different heat source models is studied and then used to investigate the influence of different heat sources in different layers during the laser–MIG hybrid welding process. The simulation results of flow field using two different heat source models are compared with experiments.

The flow field simulations results show that using the Gaussian rotating body heat source model to simulate the temperature field is more consistent with the experiment of the hybrid laser–MIG welding where its flow field between different layers better reflects the characteristics of the hybrid laser–MIG welding.

The findings will be useful in the study of a variety of thick-plate laser–MIG hybrid welding process fluid flows.

In Part I, an intelligent acoustic emission (AE) locator is described while the Part II discusses a blind source separation, time delay estimation and location of two continuous AE sources. AE analysis is used for characterization and location of developing defects in materials. AE sources often generate a mixture of various statistically independent signals. A difficult problem of AE analysis is a separation and characterization of signal components when the signals from various sources and the mode of mixing are unknown. Recently, blind source separation (BSS) by independent component analysis (ICA) has been used to solve these problems. The purpose of this paper is to demonstrate the applicability of ICA to locate two independent simultaneously active AE sources on an aluminum band specimen. The method is promising for non‐destructive testing of aircraft frame structures by AE analysis.

Examines sources of information and communication within a single, large professional services firm. Three information sources were considered: interpersonal, official company publications and informal sources such as memos and e‐mail. Using anonymously completed questionnaires, 1,608 employees provided data. Respondents indicated the amount of information received from these sources, which sources they preferred and the value of each information source in improving job performance.

This paper presents the heat transfer enhancement from discrete heat sources using a wavy channel.

The finite element method is utilized to solve the hydrodynamic/thermal problem. The considered geometry consists of a channel formed by two wavy plates with six discrete heat sources placed on upper and lower walls. The global objective is to maximize the heat transfer from the heat sources. The wavy channel enhances heat transfer from the heat sources through the modification of the flow pattern in the channel. The effects of the Reynolds number, Prandtl number, waviness of the wavy wall, and the location of the heat sources on the thermal characteristics of the flow are investigated.

Results indicate that the wavy channel significantly enhances the heat flow out of the heat sources, with heat sources located at the minimum channel cross sections having the best performance. The Nusselt number increases with an increase in Reynolds number and waviness of the wavy channel. The higher Prandtl number has a positive effect on the heat flow out of the heat sources. The heat transfer enhancement can reaches as high as 120 percent for high Reynolds numbers and waviness of the channel.

The combination of wavy plates and optimum placement of heat sources can lead to better, less expensive thermal management of heat sources in electronic devices.

For seventy‐five literature searches on food science recorded, in forty or more sources consulted (primarily abstract journals and documentation centres) the references were found. The searches were done between 1969 and 1975 and comprised 10,764 references. A breakdown was made for six arbitrarily chosen areas of food science: agriculture, microbiology, chemistry, engineering, processing and products. With the aid of discrimination analysis we determined which of the sources need to be consulted in each area if a reasonable degree of exhaustiveness of coverage is to be achieved (∼ 95 per cent of that achieved in our searches). Precious studies indicate the inadequacy of individual sources in food science. Our quantitative study confirms these findings. Of the 10,764 references, as many as 8,737 (81 per cent) were unique to one source. Non‐unique references were seldom cited in more than two or three sources. In all, thirty of the forty‐odd sources are ‘indispensable’ for at least one of the six areas. Although the results are influenced to some extent by the field of interest of our laboratory, it was concluded that reliance on just one or two key sources in the food area is unjustified, irrespective of the search topic. The results may help in the development of future search strategies and in the choice of abstract journals for special libraries.

The purpose of this paper is to introduce the concept of open source to a non‐technical audience and give an overview of its current and potential applications in libraries.

The paper is based on a literature review.

Open source already aids libraries and has great potential but is hobbled by its intrinsically technical appeal.

The paper makes observations about information technology trends which might affect the take up of open source and introduces open source comprehensively but succinctly.

Acoustic emission analysis (AE) is used for characterization and location of developing defects in materials. AE sources often generate a mixture of various statistically independent signals. One difficult problem of AE analysis is the separation and characterization of signal components when the signals from various sources and the way in which the signals were mixed are unknown. Recently, blind source separation (BSS) by independent component analysis (ICA) has been used to solve these problems. The main purpose of this paper is to demonstrate the applicability of ICA to time‐delay estimation of two independent continuous AE sources on an aluminum beam. It is shown that it is possible to estimate time delays by ICA, and thus to locate two independent simultaneously emitted sources.