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The inclusion of softeners (20 g/l), namely, Siligen VN (silicon based), Basosoft SWK (cationic), or Leomin NI (nonionic), in a dimethyloldihydroxy ethylene urea (DMDHEU, 50 g/l) finishing formulation of 65/35 cotton/polyester blended fabric, enhances the resiliency of the fabric, which is expressed as the dry wrinkle recovery angle (WRA). The fabric acquires the ability to keep a rose oil fragrance upon storage up to 3 months. Improving the WRA and acquiring the ability to keep the fragrance can be descendingly arranged as follows: Siligen VN>Basosoft SWK>Leomin NI. Increasing the Siligen VN concentration (0-30 g/l) in the finishing formulation is accompanied by a small increase in the WRA, and a noticeable enhancement in the ability to keep the rose oil fragrance upon storage. By increasing the rose oil concentration (100-300 g/l) in a perfumed bath of cross-linked/Siligen VN, the softened fabric is accompanied by a slight drop in the WRA, and a decreasing ability to keep the fragrance up to 3 months.

However, the extent of the fragrance is higher at higher rose oil concentrations, regardless of the storage time. The ability of the fabric to keep the fragrance can be attributed to solubilization and/or encapsulation of the perfume in the oleophilic segments of the softener, and its slow release with time, so that the smell can be sensed. This ability decreases after increasing the storage time up to 3 months, and depending on the type of perfume oil used, is descendingly arranged as follows: jasmine oil > rose oil > sandal oil.

The purpose of this paper is to investigate the influencing factors of generation Z (Gen Z) consumers’ revisit intentions to robotic restaurants in the post-pandemic times.

Using a sample of Gen Z consumers with dining experiences in an Indian restaurant using service robots, the study empirically tests a research framework based on stimulus–organism–response theory.

The study explains how Gen Z consumer’s perceptions of functional attributes (i.e. perceived usefulness and perceived ease of use), socio-emotional attribute (i.e. perceived safety) and relational attribute (i.e. trust) shape their attitude, which in turn leads to their evaluations of performance outcomes and intention to revisit the robotic restaurants. The findings also indicate that perceived risk reduction of viral infection moderates the impact of performance outcomes on revisit intention.

Due to the outbreak of COVID-19 pandemic, the changing preferences of consumers have resulted in an increase in demand for restaurants offering robotic services. To support the long-term viability of service robots in restaurant services, the current study investigates what elements of service robots can determine consumers’ intentions to revisit the robotic restaurants during post-pandemic times.

Wireless sensor networks (WSNs) are periodically collecting data through randomly dispersed sensors (motes), which typically consume high energy in radio communication that mainly leans on data transmission within the network. Furthermore, dissemination mode in WSN usually produces noisy values, incorrect measurements or missing information that affect the behaviour of WSN. In this article, a Distributed Data Predictive Model (DDPM) was proposed to extend the network lifetime by decreasing the consumption in the energy of sensor nodes. It was built upon a distributive clustering model for predicting dissemination-faults in WSN. The proposed model was developed using Recursive least squares (RLS) adaptive filter integrated with a Finite Impulse Response (FIR) filter, for removing unwanted reflections and noise accompanying of the transferred signals among the sensors, aiming to minimize the size of transferred data for providing energy efficient. The experimental results demonstrated that DDPM reduced the rate of data transmission to ∼20%. Also, it decreased the energy consumption to 95% throughout the dataset sample and upgraded the performance of the sensory network by about 19.5%. Thus, it prolonged the lifetime of the network.

This paper aims to study the effect of number of welding passes on microstructure, mechanical and corrosion properties of 409 M ferritic stainless steel. Shielded metal arc welding (SMAW) process is used to weld two metal sheets of 409 M having 3 mm thickness as bead-on-plate with single, double and triple passes. Microstructures were observed at transverse section with the help of optical microscope and with increasing number of passes grain growth, and the width of heat-affected zone (HAZ) increases. The results of tensile tests revealed that as number of passes increases, there is reduction in tensile strength and ductility. Double loop electrochemical potentiokinetic reactivation (DL-EPR) test revealed that as number of passes increases, the degree of sensitization increases. This is due to the deposition of chromium carbides at the grain boundaries and the associated depletion of chromium.

Three welded plates of single, double and triple pass were welded by SMAW process. From three welded plates (single, double and triple passes), samples for microstructural examination were cut in transverse direction (perpendicular to welding direction) with the help of wire-cut electrical discharge machine (EDM). The welded plates were sliced using wire-cut EDM along transverse direction for preparing optical microscopy, tensile testing, microhardness and DL-EPR testing specimens.

From the microstructure, it was observed that the large grain growth, which is dendritic, and the structure become finer to increase in number of welding passes. As number of passes increases, the width of HAZ increases because of the higher temperature at the welded zone. The tensile strength decreases to increase the number of welding passes because of grain coarsening and chromium carbide precipitation in sensitized zone and wider HAZ. The maximum microhardness value was observed for single-pass weld as compared to double- and triple-pass welds because of the fast cooling rate. The degree of sensitization increases to increase the number of passes because of chromium carbide deposition at the grain boundaries.

The authors declare that the manuscript is original and not published elsewhere, and there is no conflict of interest to publish this manuscript.

In this paper, the authors study the nonlinear matrix equation Xp=Q±A(X-1+B)-1AT, that occurs in many applications such as in filtering, network systems, optimal control and control theory.

The authors present some theoretical results for the existence of the solution of this nonlinear matrix equation. Then the authors propose two iterative schemes without inversion to find the solution to the nonlinear matrix equation based on Newton's method and fixed-point iteration. Also the authors show that the proposed iterative schemes converge to the solution of the nonlinear matrix equation, under situations.

The efficiency indices of the proposed schemes are presented, and since the initial guesses of the proposed iterative schemes have a high cost, the authors reduce their cost by changing them. Therefore, compared to the previous scheme, the proposed schemes have superior efficiency indices.

Finally, the accuracy and effectiveness of the proposed schemes in comparison to an existing scheme are demonstrated by various numerical examples. Moreover, as an application, by using the proposed schemes, the authors can get the optimal controller state feedback of $x(t+1) = A x(t) + C v(t)$.

This study aims to examine whether there are differences between financial statements prepared in accordance with International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS) and financial statements prepared in accordance with local accounting standards in terms of its ability to present the financial conditions of companies listed on the Saudi Stock Exchange as one of the emerging markets.

Data on study variables were obtained from the published financial statements of 67 of listed companies in the Saudi Stock Exchange during the period 2014–2019. The study addressed the research hypotheses by using Altman Z-score model. Both the T-test and Wilcoxon rank test were used to investigate the significance of differences between the values of Z-score and the individual variables included in the model in the pre- and post-IFRS mandatory adoption periods.

The results revealed a decrease in the values of Z-score as well as the values of the individual variables included in the model in the period following the adoption of IFRS than it was before the adoption of IFRS, which indicates the ability of IFRS to show the financial conditions of companies more transparently than local accounting standards. However, the results of the T-test and Wilcoxon test showed that these decreases were not statistically significant.

This study has some limitations, including the small sample size as a result of the small size of the Saudi Stock Exchange, As well as the reliance of this study only on the Altman model with its five variables in assessing financial conditions without examining the impact of other factors that may affect the financial conditions of companies.

Financial conditions of the companies have important implications for multiple parties such as management, government, investors and others as an early warning sign that enables them to take the necessary measures early before the actual bankruptcy occurs and what results in costs.

Although assessing financial conditions of the companies is one of the basic uses of accounting information, this topic has not received sufficient attention as a means to test the benefits of adopting IFRS, especially in emerging markets such as Saudi Stock Exchange. This is the first study to examine the impact of adopting IFRS on the transparency of financial reporting in assessing financial conditions in Saudi Arabia.

Presents a review on implementing finite element methods on supercomputers, workstations and PCs and gives main trends in hardware and software developments. An appendix included at the end of the paper presents a bibliography on the subjects retrospectively to 1985 and approximately 1,100 references are listed.

THIS PAPER presents a study of the performance characteristics of finite width stationary externally pressurized rectangular bearings. Two types of bearings are considered, namely, the plain and initially tilted pad bearings. The bearings were lubricated by using incompressible fluid. The study includes:

This study aims to investigate the aviation, energetic, exergetic, environmental, sustainability and exergoeconomic performances of a micro turbojet engine used in unmanned aerial vehicles at four different modes.

The engine data were collected from engine test cell. The engine performance calculations were performed for four different operation modes.

According to the results, maximum energy and exergy efficiency were acquired as 19.19% and 18.079% at Mode 4. Total cost rate was calculated as 6.757 $/h at Mode-1, which varied to 10.131 $/h at Mode-4. Exergy cost of engine power was observed as 0.249 $/MJ at Mode-1, which decreased to 0.088 $/MJ at Mode-4 after a careful exergoeconomic analysis.

The novelty of this work is the capability to serve as a guide for similar systems with a detailed approach in the thermodynamic, thermoeconomic and environmental assessments by prioritizing efficiency, fuel consumption and cost formation. This investigation intends to establish a design of the opportunities and benefits that the thermodynamic approach provides to turbojet engine systems.