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This paper aims to propose a robust and efficient method for vanishing point detection in unstructured road scenes.

The proposed method includes two main stages: drivable region estimation and vanishing point detection. In drivable region estimation stage, the road image is segmented into a set of patches; then the drivable region is estimated by the patch-wise manifold ranking. In vanishing point detection stage, the LSD method is used to extract the straight lines; then a series of principles are proposed to remove the noise lines. Finally, the vanishing point is detected by a novel voting strategy.

The proposed method is validated on various unstructured road images collected from the real world. It is more robust and more efficient than the state-of-the-art method and the other three recent methods. Experimental results demonstrate that the detected vanishing point is practical for vision-sensor-based navigation in complex unstructured road scenes.

This paper proposes a patch-wise manifold ranking method to estimate the drivable region that contains most of the informative clues for vanishing point detection. Based on the removal of the noise lines through a series of principles, a novel voting strategy is proposed to detect the vanishing point.

This paper aims to study distance determination in vehicles, which could allow an in-car system to provide feedback and alert drivers, by either prompting the driver to take preventative action or prepare the vehicle’s safety systems for an imminent collision. The success of a new system's deploying allows drivers to oppose the huge number of accidents and the material losses and costs associated with car accidents.

In this context, this paper presents estimation distance between camera and frontal vehicles based on camera calibration by combining three main steps: vanishing point extraction, lanes detection and vehicles detection in the field of 3 D real scene. This algorithm was implemented in MATLAB, and it was applied on scenes containing several vehicles in highway urban area. The method starts with the camera calibration. Then, the distance information can be calculated.

Based on experiment performance, this new method achieves robustness especially for detecting and estimating distances for multiple vehicles in a single scene. Also, this method demonstrates a higher accuracy detection rate of 0.869 in an execution time of 2.382 ms.

The novelty of the proposed method consists firstly on the use of an adaptive segmentation to reject the false points of interests. Secondly, the use of vanishing point has reduced the cost of using memory. Indeed, the part of the image above the vanishing point will not be processed and therefore will be deleted. The last benefit is the application of this new method on structured roads.

The purpose of this paper is to invite managers and practitioners to reflect on the meaning and implications of the concept of zero for individual and organizational spiritual growth.

Building on spirituality and complexity literatures, this paper stimulates non‐traditional thinking in organizational change and leadership. The paper uses the concept of zero as a creative metaphor for organizational development.

The paper introduces a systemic, unified, multidimensional, holistic, complex, chaotic and dynamic paradigm for organizations based on spirituality: paradigm zero. Zero represents paradox, transcendence, interconnectedness, balance, modesty, creativity, inspiration, and the essence and mystery of human existence.

This paper invites managers to consider a futurist perspective called zero‐centered thinking that enables creativity and reflection in the middle of complexity.

This paper builds on cutting edge spirituality and complexity concepts to enable new thinking for twenty‐first century managers and professionals. Zero philosophy provides organizations a new trans‐disciplinary paradigm based on spirituality, complexity, chaos, systems sciences, quantum physics, emergence, and Sufism.

Many engineering and scientific problems require the filling of a two‐dimensional region with scan lines of finite width. The number of contiguous scan line segments required for the filling depends on the direction used for scanning. When the cost of the filling operation increases with the number of scan line segments, as is the case in numerically controlled machining, layered fabrication and computer graphics applications, then it is desirable to select a direction that minimizes this number. In this paper we provide a method for efficiently computing such an optimal direction when the region to be filled is bounded by straight‐line segments and/or circular arcs.

This paper aims to present a novel scheme of multiple vanishing points (VPs) estimation and corresponding lanes identification.

The scheme proposed here includes two main stages: VPs estimation and lane identification. VPs estimation based on vanishing direction hypothesis and Bayesian posterior probability estimation in the image Hough space is a foremost contribution, and then VPs are estimated through an optimal objective function. In lane identification stage, the selected linear samples supervised by estimated VPs are clustered based on the gradient direction of linear features to separate lanes, and finally all the lanes are identified through an identification function.

The scheme and algorithms are tested on real data sets collected from an intelligent vehicle. It is more efficient and more accurate than recent similar methods for structured road, and especially multiple VPs identification and estimation of branch road can be achieved and lanes of branch road can be identified for complex scenarios based on Bayesian posterior probability verification framework. Experimental results demonstrate VPs, and lanes are practical for challenging structured and semi-structured complex road scenarios.

A Bayesian posterior probability verification framework is proposed to estimate multiple VPs and corresponding lanes for road scene understanding of structured or semi-structured road monocular images on intelligent vehicles.

Accurate feature localization is a fundamental problem in computer vision and visual measurement. In a perspective projection model of the camera, the projected center of a spatial circle and the center of the projection ellipse are not identical. This paper aims to show how to locate the real projection center precisely in the perspective projection of a space circle target.

By analyzing the center deviation caused by projection transformation, a novel method is presented to precisely locate the real projection center of a space circle using projective geometry. Solution distribution of the center deviation is analyzed, and the quadratic equation for determining the deviation is derived by locating vanishing points. Finally, the actual projected center of the circular target is achieved by solving the deviation quadratic equations.

The procedures of the author’s method are simple and easy to implement. Experimental data calculated that maximum deviation occurs at approximately between 3π/10 and 2π/5 of the angle between the projection surface and the space target plane. The absolute reduction in error is about 0.03 pixels; hence, it is very significant for a high-accuracy solution of the position of the space circle target by minimizing systematic measurement error of the perspective projection.

The center deviation caused by the space circle projection transformation is analyzed, and the detailed algorithm steps to locate the real projection center precisely are described.

The purpose of this paper is to make an analysis to study the non‐similar solution for unsteady water boundary layer flow over sphere with the influence of temperature‐dependent viscosity, Prandtl number, non‐uniform surface mass transfer and heat transfer.

The governing quasi‐linear partial differential equations have been solved numerically using an implicit finite difference scheme along with a quasi‐linearization technique. Non‐similar solutions have been obtained from the starting point of the stream‐wise coordinate to the point where the skin friction value vanishes.

It is observed that non‐uniform suction causes the point of vanishing skin friction to move downstream. The slot injection causes the vanishing skin friction to move upstream.

The effect of unsteadiness is more significant on the skin friction as compared to the heat transfer.

The purpose of this study is to use visual and inertial sensors to achieve real-time location. How to provide an accurate location has become a popular research topic in the field of indoor navigation. Although the complementarity of vision and inertia has been widely applied in indoor navigation, many problems remain, such as inertial sensor deviation calibration, unsynchronized visual and inertial data acquisition and large amount of stored data.

First, this study demonstrates that the vanishing point (VP) evaluation function improves the precision of extraction, and the nearest ground corner point (NGCP) of the adjacent frame is estimated by pre-integrating the inertial sensor. The Sequential Similarity Detection Algorithm (SSDA) and Random Sample Consensus (RANSAC) algorithms are adopted to accurately match the adjacent NGCP in the estimated region of interest. Second, the model of visual pose is established by using the parameters of the camera itself, VP and NGCP. The model of inertial pose is established by pre-integrating. Third, location is calculated by fusing the model of vision and inertia.

In this paper, a novel method is proposed to fuse visual and inertial sensor to locate indoor environment. The authors describe the building of an embedded hardware platform to the best of their knowledge and compare the result with a mature method and POSAV310.

This paper proposes a VP evaluation function that is used to extract the most advantages in the intersection of a plurality of parallel lines. To improve the extraction speed of adjacent frame, the authors first proposed fusing the NGCP of the current frame and the calibrated pre-integration to estimate the NGCP of the next frame. The visual pose model was established using extinction VP and NGCP, calibration of inertial sensor. This theory offers the linear processing equation of gyroscope and accelerometer by the model of visual and inertial pose.

This paper documents the case of a young girl who went missing from a country track in 1972. It considers the function of roads in her disappearance, and the importance and terror of roads generally in Australia. For roads have a role in Australia that is vastly different to smaller, more populous nations. Roads in Australia are absolutely crucial to the maintenance and sustenance of society. So too are the cars and other vehicles we use upon them, but they are just as paradoxical in their effects. As Elizabeth Jacka and Susan Dermody (1988, p. 113) put it so plainly: ‘our cars kill us, and without them we would die’. The case of the girl who vanished from a road is not an unusual event in Australia. However, it has led to a conjunction of long-lasting effects, particularly on the community of Mackay, that are. The case has never been solved, not due to a desire to solve it, but ironically because of the very methods initially employed to do so.

“Entrepreneurship” and “projects” both represent concepts with somewhat hazy boundaries. Interestingly, they also both represent fields of study in which academics representing those fields have worked very hard so as extend rather than delineate the same. In fact, some parts of the debate on, e.g., entrepreneurship could be criticized for engaging in “conceptual colonization,” insofar as it actively attempts to fit more and more activities under the umbrella term of entrepreneurship and/or projects, with the attendant implicit inference that they are thus fodder and resource for studies of the same. The purpose of this paper is to seek to inquire into this phenomenon.

In and of itself this could be seen as merely a case of academic (over-)branding, but the author will in the following paper argue that this also leads to “epistemological emptying,” i.e., a state where terms such as entrepreneurship and project start becoming less and less meaningful as they become more and more general, and that the strive among researchers to extend their fields can be seen as a form of symbolic violence against the same.

The author argues that the author can find conceptual colonization and epistemological emptying by paying critical attention to the manner in which key contributions in the field(s) consistently and uncritically try to extend the boundaries of said field(s).

By reflection on the manner in which field(s) attempts to make themselves more general may backfire and bring about epistemological emptying, the author might develop a more robust discussion regarding the importance of field boundaries and also more critically note power/knowledge ambitions in the field(s).