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In general, the optimal reactive power compensation could drastically enhance the performance of distributed network by the reduction of power loss and by enhancement of line loadability and voltage profile. Till now, there exist various reactive power compensation models including capacitor placement, joined process of on-load tap changer and capacitor banks and integration of DG. Further, one of the current method is the allocation of distribution FACTS (DFACTS) device. Even though, the DFACTS devices are usually used in the enhancement of power quality, they could be used in the optimal reactive power compensation with more effectiveness.

This paper introduces a power quality enhancement model that is based on a new hybrid optimization algorithm for selecting the precise unified power quality conditioner (UPQC) location and sizing. A new algorithm rider optimization algorithm (ROA)-modified particle swarm optimization (PSO) in fitness basis (RMPF) is introduced for this optimal selections.

Through the performance analysis, it is observed that as the iteration increases, there is a gradual minimization of cost function. At the 40th iteration, the proposed method is 1.99 per cent better than ROA and genetic algorithm (GA); 0.09 per cent better than GMDA and WOA; and 0.14, 0.57 and 1.94 per cent better than Dragonfly algorithm (DA), worst solution linked whale optimization (WS-WU) and PSO, respectively. At the 60th iteration, the proposed method attains less cost function, which is 2.07, 0.08, 0.06, 0.09, 0.07 and 1.90 per cent superior to ROA, GMDA, DA, GA, WS-WU and PSO, respectively. Thus, the proposed model proves that it is better than other models.

This paper presents a technique for optimal placing and sizing of UPQC. To the best of the authors’ knowledge, this is the first work that introduces RMPF algorithm to solve the optimization problems.

The purpose of this study is to help the researchers, public, industries and government to realize the tremendous trends to improve the power quality of both sources and load side.

The work carried out in the Facts device and power quality issues.

Maintaining the quality of electric power is always a challenging task. The effect of power electronics devices leads to improper power quality. The use of FACTS devices is preferably the best approach to treat power-quality-related problems. Usually, all FACTS devices are constructed to operate on the side of either the source side or the load.

This paper explores a broad comprehensive study of various types of power quality problems and classification of FACTS devices with its recent developments. Furthermore unified power quality conditioner (UPQC) is particularly reviewed to highlight the advantages over other compensating devices. An exhaustive study of literature has been carried out and most significant concepts are presented

The purpose of this paper is to design and develop an IR and sprinkler based embedded controller operated robotic arm for automatic dust removal system to mitigate the dust effect on the solar panel surface, since dust accumulation normally affected by real weather conditions is one of the serious concern for the deterioration of photovoltaic (PV) system output.

The system is a wet cleaning device which provides a cheap silicon rubber-based wiping operation controlled by the pulse width modulation-operated motors of robotic arm. The IEEE 1149.1-compliant mixed signal-embedded platform of C8051F226DK is involved to command the complete system.

A prototype of 30 W_P system is capable of producing an inspiring average value of 11.26 per cent in energy increase, 13.63 per cent in PV module efficiency and 85.20 per cent in performance ratio of the system after 73 days of cleaning in summer season. In addition, a total of 1,617.93 W power; 1,0516.55 Wh energy; and 350.55 KWh/KW_P final yield was found during the entire cleaning period.

A novel technique of the implementation of IR sensor and sprinkler in dust mitigation is proposed in this paper. The IR sensor is used as a versatile object which can manage the robotic arm setting and control the automatic switching between cleaning and charging, as well as identify the thermal condition of solar panel for overheating.

A cascaded observer-based transfer delay frequency locked loop (CODFLL) algorithm is developed to control the distribution static compensator (DSTATCOM) to address various power quality (PQ) issues arise because of distorted grid and load conditions. Moreover, frequency locked loop is included along with the observer to take care of the frequency drift from nominal value and to improve its performance during steady state and transient conditions. During daylight, the proposed system works as photovoltaic (PV) DSTATCOM and performs multiple functions for improving PQ whilst transferring power to grid and load. The system under consideration acts as DSTATCOM during night and bad weather condition to nullify the PQ issues.

CODFLL control algorithm generates reference signal for hysteresis controller. This reference signal is compared with an actual grid signal and a gate pulse is produced for a voltage source converter. The system is made frequency adaptive by transfer delay adaptive frequency locked loop (FLL). Peak power is extracted from a PV source using the perturb and observe technique irrespective of disturbances encountered in the system.

The PV system’s performance with the proposed controller is studied and compared with conventional control algorithms such as least mean fourth (LMF), improved second-order generalized integrator frequency locked loop (ISOGI-FLL), synchronous reference frame phased lock loop (SRF-PLL) and frequency adaptive disturbance observer (DOB) for different cases, for example, steady-state condition, dynamic condition, variable insolation, voltage sag and swell and frequency wandering in the supply side. It is found that the proposed method tracks the frequency variation faster as compared to ISOGI-FLL without any oscillations. During unbalanced loading conditions, CODFLL exhibits zero oscillations. Harmonics in system parameters are reduced to the level of IEEE standard; unity power factor is maintained at the grid side; hassle-free power flow takes place from the source to the grid and load; and consistent voltage profile is maintained at the coupling point.

CODFLL control algorithm is developed for PV-DSTATCOM systems to generate a reference grid current.

Electric spring (ES) is a demand response method that can stabilize the voltage of critical loads and improve power quality, especially in a weak power grid with a high proportion of renewable energy sources. Most of existing ESs are implemented by voltage-source inverter (VSI), which has some shortcomings. For example, the DC-link capacitor limits the service life of ES, and the battery is costly and hard to recycle. Besides, conventional VSI cannot boost the voltage, which limits the application of ES in high-voltage occasions. This study aims to propose a novel scheme of ES to solve the above problems.

In this work, an ES topology based on current-source inverter (CSI) without a battery is presented, and a direct current control strategy is proposed. The operating principles, voltage regulation range and parameter design of the proposed ES are discussed in detail.

The proposed ES is applicable to various voltage levels, and the harmonics are effectively suppressed, which have been validated via the experimental results in both ideal and distorted grid conditions.

An ES topology based on battery-less CSI is proposed for the first time, which reduces the cost and prolongs the service time of ES. A novel control strategy is proposed to realize the functions of voltage regulation and harmonic suppression.

The earlier methods are more resilient to improvements such as load shift and path change. This results in problems such as a voltage drop and a high reactive flux. In addition, due to the delay, congestion or interruption of the transmission, the system cannot receive all phasor measurement unit (PMU) measurements at the relevant time as well as the presence of noise in the received data.

With the development of wide area measurement system technologies, it seems to be possible to track voltage stability online via time-stamped PMUs. As the voltage instability causes a voltage decomposition, voltage instability is one of the most important problems when monitoring the power supply.

This harmonic distortion significantly decreases the data quality in the grid. As a result, instability ascertainment based on PMU has been suggested as a method for detecting voltage instability in power systems monitored with PMU. In addition, a technique called instability amendment via load dropping has been proposed to keep the device from collapsing due to voltage failure.

To improve the power output, the power prominence melioration technique was developed. This proposed system has been implemented in MATLAB Simulink and compared with the recent researches.

This paper aims to introduce the quasi impedance source inverter (qZSI)-based static compensator (STATCOM), which is incorporated into the hybrid distributed power generation system for enhancement of power quality. The distributed power generation system includes the photovoltaic (PV), wind energy conversion system (WECS) and battery energy storage system.

The WECS is used by the self-excited induction generator (SEIG) and the flywheel energy storage system (FESS). To regulate its terminal voltage and frequency, the SEIG requires adjustable volt-ampere reactive (VAR). A combination of a STATCOM and a fixed condenser bank usually serves to satisfy the VAR demand. The maximum correntropy criterion-based adaptive filter technique (AFT) is proposed to control the qZSI-STATCOM and to guarantee that the voltage at the SEIG terminal is harmonic-free while providing non-linear three-phase and single-phase loads.

The coordinated operation of the suggested voltage control and flywheel control systems ensures that load voltage and frequency are retained in their respective values at very low harmonic distortions regardless of wind speed and load variation. The simulation and experimental studies are carried out under different load conditions to validate the efficiencies of the PV-assisted STATCOM.

To improve system stability and minimize total costs, extra load current sensors can also be avoided. This paper proposes to control the SEIG terminal voltage and harmonic elimination in the standalone WECS systems using maximum correntropy criterion-based AFT with a fuzzy logic controller.