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1 – 10 of over 4000This paper presents an optimal design method of number and placements of piezoelectric patch actuators in active vibration control of a plate. Eigenvalue distribution of energy…
Abstract
This paper presents an optimal design method of number and placements of piezoelectric patch actuators in active vibration control of a plate. Eigenvalue distribution of energy correlative matrix of control input force is applied to determine optimal number of the required actuators. Genetic algorithms (GAs) using active vibration control effects, which are taken as the objective function, are adopted to search optimal placements of actuators. The results show that disturbance exerted on a plate is a key factor of determining optimal number and placements of actuators in active structural vibration control, and a global and efficient optimization solution of multiple actuator placements can be obtained using GAs.
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Merlin Sajini M.L., Suja S. and Merlin Gilbert Raj S.
The purpose of the study is distributed generation planning in a radial delivery framework to identify an appropriate location with a suitable rating of DG units energized by…
Abstract
Purpose
The purpose of the study is distributed generation planning in a radial delivery framework to identify an appropriate location with a suitable rating of DG units energized by renewable energy resources to scale back the power loss and to recover the voltage levels. Though several algorithms have already been proposed through the target of power loss reduction and voltage stability enhancement, further optimization of the objectives is improved by using a combination of heuristic algorithms like DE and particle swarm optimization (PSO).
Design/methodology/approach
The identification of the candidate buses for the location of DG units and optimal rating of DG units is found by a combined differential evolution (DE) and PSO algorithm. In the combined strategy of DE and PSO, the key merits of both algorithms are combined. The DE algorithm prevents the individuals from getting trapped into the local optimum, thereby providing efficient global optimization. At the same time, PSO provides a fast convergence rate by providing the best particle among the entire iteration to obtain the best fitness value.
Findings
The proposed DE-PSO takes advantage of the global optimization of DE and the convergence rate of PSO. The different case studies of multiple DG types are carried out for the suggested procedure for the 33- and 69-bus radial delivery frameworks and a real 16-bus distribution substation in Tamil Nadu to show the effectiveness of the proposed methodology and distribution system performance. From the obtained results, there is a substantial decrease in the power loss and an improvement of voltage levels across all the buses of the system, thereby maintaining the distribution system within the framework of system operation and safety constraints.
Originality/value
A comparison of an equivalent system with the DE, PSO algorithm when used separately and other algorithms available in literature shows that the proposed method results in an improved performance in terms of the convergence rate and objective function values. Finally, an economic benefit analysis is performed if a photo-voltaic based DG unit is allocated in the considered test systems.
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Masoud Seyed Sakha and Hamid Reza Shaker
One of the fundamental problems in control systems engineering is the problem of sensors and actuators placement. Decisions in this context play a key role in the success of…
Abstract
Purpose
One of the fundamental problems in control systems engineering is the problem of sensors and actuators placement. Decisions in this context play a key role in the success of control process. The methods developed for optimal placement of the sensors and actuators are known to be computationally expensive. The computational burden is significant, in particular, for large-scale systems. The purpose of this paper is to improve and extend the state-of-the-art methods within this field.
Design/methodology/approach
In this paper, a new technique is developed for placing sensor and actuator in large-scale systems by using restricted genetic algorithm (RGA). RGA is a kind of genetic algorithm which is developed specifically for sensors and actuator placement.
Findings
Unlike its other counterparts, the proposed method not only supports unstable systems but also requires significantly lower computations. The numerical investigations have confirmed the advantages of the proposed methods which are clearly significant, in particular, in dealing with large-scale unstable systems.
Originality/value
The proposed method is novel, and compared to the methods which have already been presented in literature is more general and numerically more efficient.
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Robert T. F. Ah King and Samiah Mohangee
To operate with high efficiency and minimise the risks of power failures, power systems require careful monitoring. The availability of real-time data is crucial for assessing the…
Abstract
To operate with high efficiency and minimise the risks of power failures, power systems require careful monitoring. The availability of real-time data is crucial for assessing the performance of the grid and assisting operators in gauging the present security of the grid. Traditional supervisory control and data acquisition (SCADA)-based systems actually employed provides steady-state measurement values which are the calculation premise of State Estimation. More often, however, the power grid operates under dynamic state and SCADA measurements can lead to erroneous and inaccurate calculation results. The introduction of the phasor measurement unit (PMU) which provides real-time synchronised voltage and current phasors with very high accuracy is universally recognised as an important aspect of delivering a secure and sustainable power system. PMUs are a relatively new technology and because of their high procurement and installation costs, it is imperative to develop appropriate methodologies to determine the minimum number of PMUs as well as their strategic placements to guarantee full observability of a power system. Thus, the problem of the optimal PMU placement (OPP) is formulated as an optimisation problem subject to various constraints to minimise the number of PMUs while ensuring complete observability of the grid. In this chapter, integer linear programming (ILP), genetic algorithm (GA) and non-linear programming (NLP) constrained models of the OPP problem are presented. A new methodology is proposed to incorporate several constraints using the NLP. The optimisation methods have been written in Matlab software and verified on the standard Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) 14-bus test system to authenticate their effectiveness. This chapter targets United Nations Sustainable Development Goal 7.
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S.H. Masood and Hussain A. Khan
This paper presents an investigation on the development of different pattern placement strategies in robotic palletisation of box packages in the packaging industry with practical…
Abstract
Purpose
This paper presents an investigation on the development of different pattern placement strategies in robotic palletisation of box packages in the packaging industry with practical implementations for one, two, four and five block patterns with the aim of improving the operational efficiency in robotic palletisation.
Design/methodology/approach
The work involves considering the gripper design and maximum number of picks and various process parameters that affect the robotic implementation of pallet patterns and develops a methodology to form different patterns for a given pallet size.
Findings
The proposed methodology represents an efficient approach for pallet pattern implementation and results in reduced number of placements required for a given number of boxes per layer and reduced time for palletisation.
Originality/value
The paper introduces a novel technique for pallet loading problem (PLP) considering the physical aspects and restrictions encountered when using the robot and the gripper size to generate the pattern on the pallet. Traditional solutions of PLP do not consider these aspects in pattern placements.
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Sarika Sharma and Smarajit Ghosh
This paper aims to develop a capacitor position in radial distribution networks with a specific end goal to enhance the voltage profile, diminish the genuine power misfortune and…
Abstract
Purpose
This paper aims to develop a capacitor position in radial distribution networks with a specific end goal to enhance the voltage profile, diminish the genuine power misfortune and accomplish temperate sparing. The issue of the capacitor situation in electric appropriation systems incorporates augmenting vitality and peak power loss by technique for capacitor establishments.
Design/methodology/approach
This paper proposes a novel strategy using rough thinking to pick reasonable applicant hubs in a dissemination structure for capacitor situation. Voltages and power loss reduction indices of distribution networks hubs are shown by fuzzy enrollment capacities.
Findings
A fuzzy expert system containing a course of action of heuristic rules is then used to ascertain the capacitor position appropriateness of each hub in the circulation structure. The sizing of capacitor is solved by using hybrid artificial bee colony–cuckoo search optimization.
Practical implications
Finally, a short-term load forecasting based on artificial neural network is evaluated for predicting the size of the capacitor for future loads. The proposed capacitor allocation is implemented on 69-node radial distribution network as well as 34-node radial distribution network and the results are evaluated.
Originality/value
Simulation results show that the proposed method has reduced the overall losses of the system compared with existing approaches.
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Rafi Vempalle and Dhal Pradyumna Kumar
The demand for electricity supply increases day by day due to the rapid growth in the number of industries and consumer devices. The electric power supply needs to be improved by…
Abstract
Purpose
The demand for electricity supply increases day by day due to the rapid growth in the number of industries and consumer devices. The electric power supply needs to be improved by properly arranging distributed generators (DGs). The purpose of this paper is to develop a methodology for optimum placement of DGs using novel algorithms that leads to loss minimization.
Design/methodology/approach
In this paper, a novel hybrid optimization is proposed to minimize the losses and improve the voltage profile. The hybridization of the optimization is done through the crow search (CS) algorithm and the black widow (BW) algorithm. The CS algorithm is used for finding some tie-line systems, DG locations, and the BW algorithm is used for finding the rest of the tie-line switches, DG sizes, unlike in usual hybrid optimization techniques.
Findings
The proposed technique is tested on two large-scale radial distribution networks (RDNs), like the 119-bus radial distribution system (RDS) and the 135 RDS, and compared with normal hybrid algorithms.
Originality/value
The main novelty of this hybridization is that it shares the parameters of the objective function. The losses of the RDN can be minimized by reconfiguration and incorporating compensating devices like DGs.
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Warid Sayel Warid, Hashim Hizam, Norman Mariun and Noor Izzri Abdul-Wahab
This study aims to propose a sensitivity-based methodology for the optimum accommodation of distributed generation (DG) units in meshed power networks with appropriate…
Abstract
Purpose
This study aims to propose a sensitivity-based methodology for the optimum accommodation of distributed generation (DG) units in meshed power networks with appropriate technologies. The effect of load variation is incorporated into the proposed methodology to identify the most trusted locations for DG placement.
Design/methodology/approach
The effectiveness of minimizing active power losses is considered a key criterion. A priority list comprising both sensitivity indexes and realistic indicators is deduced to rank the optimum sites for the placement of DG units. A sorting index for distinguishing the suitable DG type(s) for each candidate location is organized. Three common DG types are considered in this work. The modified IEEE 30-bus meshed system is chosen to perform the proposed methodology.
Findings
Results demonstrate that the obtained priority index can be used to achieve the best real loss minimization rates. Numerous load buses can be safely excluded as candidate locations using the proposed approach. Consequently, the methodology can minimize the computational process of diagnosing the optimum sites for DG accommodation.
Originality/value
The findings determine that instead of installing many DG units at various locations with one DG type, a few certain load buses can be used to accommodate more than one DG type and significantly reduce losses.
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Bassam A/K and Abu‐Hijleh
The aim of this work is to determine the optimal number and location of the fin(s) for maximum laminar forced convection heat transfer from a cylinder with multiple high…
Abstract
Purpose
The aim of this work is to determine the optimal number and location of the fin(s) for maximum laminar forced convection heat transfer from a cylinder with multiple high conductivity radial fins on its outer surface in cross‐flow, i.e. Nusselt number, over a range of Reynolds numbers.
Design/methodology/approach
The effect of several combinations of number of fins, fin height, and fin(s) tangential location on the average Nusselt number was studied over the range of Reynolds numbers (5‐150). The problem was investigated numerically using finite difference method over a stretched grid. The optimal number and placement of the fins, for maximum Nusselt number, was determined for several combinations of Reynolds number and fin height. The percentage improvement in heat transfer per fin(s) unit length, i.e. cost‐efficiency, was also studied.
Findings
The results indicate that the fin(s) combination with the highest normalised Nusselt number is not necessarily the combination that results in the highest fin cost‐efficiency.
Originality/value
The results of the study can be used to design highly efficient cross‐flow forced convection heat transfer configurations from a horizontal cylinder with minimum cost.
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Yangmin Xie, Jiajia Liu and Yusheng Yang
Proper platform pose is important for the mobile manipulator to accomplish dexterous manipulation tasks efficiently and safely, and the evaluation criterion to qualify…
Abstract
Purpose
Proper platform pose is important for the mobile manipulator to accomplish dexterous manipulation tasks efficiently and safely, and the evaluation criterion to qualify manipulation performance is critical to support the pose decision process. This paper aims to present a comprehensive index to evaluate the manipulator’s operation performance from various aspects.
Design/methodology/approach
In this research, a criterion called hybrid manipulability (HM) is proposed to assess the performance of the manipulator’s operation, considering crucial factors such as joint limits, obstacle avoidance and stability. The determination of the optimal platform pose is achieved by selecting the pose that maximizes the HM within the feasible inverse reachability map associated with the target object.
Findings
A self-built mobile manipulator is adopted as the experimental platform, and the feasibility of the proposed method is experimentally verified in the context of object-grasping tasks both in simulation and practice.
Originality/value
The proposed HM extends upon the conventional notion of manipulability by incorporating additional factors, including the manipulator’s joint limits, the obstacle avoidance situation during the operation and the manipulation stability when grasping the target object. The manipulator can achieve enhanced stability during grasping when positioned in the pose determined by the HM.
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