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1 – 10 of 130Reynolds-averaged Navier–Stokes (RANS) models often perform poorly in shock/turbulence interaction regions, resulting in excessive wall heat load and incorrect representation of…
Abstract
Purpose
Reynolds-averaged Navier–Stokes (RANS) models often perform poorly in shock/turbulence interaction regions, resulting in excessive wall heat load and incorrect representation of the separation length in shockwave/turbulent boundary layer interactions. The authors suggest that this can be traced back to inadequate numerical treatment of the inviscid fluxes. The purpose of this study is an extension to the well-known Harten, Lax, van Leer, Einfeldt (HLLE) Riemann solver to overcome this issue.
Design/methodology/approach
It explicitly takes into account the broadening of waves due to the averaging procedure, which adds numerical dissipation and reduces excessive turbulence production across shocks. The scheme is derived based on the HLLE equations, and it is tested against three numerical experiments.
Findings
Sod’s shock tube case shows that the scheme succeeds in reducing turbulence amplification across shocks. A shock-free turbulent flat plate boundary layer indicates that smooth flow at moderate turbulence intensity is largely unaffected by the scheme. A shock/turbulent boundary layer interaction case with higher turbulence intensity shows that the added numerical dissipation can, however, impair the wall heat flux distribution.
Originality/value
The proposed scheme is motivated by implicit large eddy simulations that use numerical dissipation as subgrid-scale model. Introducing physical aspects of turbulence into the numerical treatment for RANS simulations is a novel approach.
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Ghislain Tchuen, Pascalin Tiam Kapen and Yves Burtschell
– The purpose of this paper is to present a new hybrid Euler flux fonction for use in a finite-volume Euler/Navier-Stokes code and adapted to compressible flow problems.
Abstract
Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to present a new hybrid Euler flux fonction for use in a finite-volume Euler/Navier-Stokes code and adapted to compressible flow problems.
Design/methodology/approach
The proposed scheme, called AUFSRR can be devised by combining the AUFS solver and the Roe solver, based on a rotated Riemann solver approach (Sun and Takayama, 2003; Ren, 2003). The upwind direction is determined by the velocity-difference vector and idea is to apply the AUFS solver in the direction normal to shocks to suppress carbuncle and the Roe solver across shear layers to avoid an excessive amount of dissipation. The resulting flux functions can be implemented in a very simple manner, in the form of the Roe solver with modified wave speeds, so that converting an existing AUFS flux code into the new fluxes is an extremely simple task.
Findings
The proposed flux functions require about 18 per cent more CPU time than the Roe flux. Accuracy, efficiency and other essential features of AUFSRR scheme are evaluated by analyzing shock propagation behaviours for both the steady and unsteady compressible flows. This is demonstrated by several test cases (1D and 2D) with standard finite-volume Euler code, by comparing results with existing methods.
Practical implications
The hybrid Euler flux function is used in a finite-volume Euler/Navier-Stokes code and adapted to compressible flow problems.
Originality/value
The AUFSRR scheme is devised by combining the AUFS solver and the Roe solver, based on a rotated Riemann solver approach.
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Thomas Rowan and Mohammed Seaid
The purpose of this paper is to present a new numerical model for shallow water flows over heterogeneous sedimentary layers. It is already several years since the single-layered…
Abstract
Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to present a new numerical model for shallow water flows over heterogeneous sedimentary layers. It is already several years since the single-layered models have been used to model shallow water flows over erodible beds. Although such models present a real opportunity for shallow water flows over movable beds, this paper is the first to propose a multilayered solver for this class of flow problems.
Design/methodology/approach
Multilayered beds formed with different erodible soils are considered in this study. The governing equations consist of the well-established shallow water equations for the flow, a transport equation for the suspended sediments, an Exner-type equation for the bed load and a set of empirical equations for erosion and deposition terms. For the numerical solution of the coupled system, the authors consider a non-homogeneous Riemann solver equipped with interface-tracking tools to resolve discontinuous soil properties in the multilayered bed. The solver consists of a predictor stage for the discretization of gradient terms and a corrector stage for the treatment of source terms.
Findings
This paper reveals that modeling shallow water flows over multilayered sedimentary topography can be achieved by using a coupled system of partial differential equations governing sediment transport. The obtained results demonstrate that the proposed numerical model preserves the conservation property, and it provides accurate results, avoiding numerical oscillations and numerical dissipation in the approximated solutions.
Originality/value
A novel implementation of sediment handling is presented where both averaged and separate values for sediment species are used to ensure speed and precision in the simulations.
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A shock capturing scheme is presented for the equations of isentropicflow based on upwind differencing applied to a locally linearized set ofRiemann problems. This includes the…
Abstract
A shock capturing scheme is presented for the equations of isentropic flow based on upwind differencing applied to a locally linearized set of Riemann problems. This includes the two‐dimensional shallow water equations using the familiar gas dynamics analogy. An average of the flow variables across the interface between cells is required, and this average is chosen to be the arithmetic mean for computational efficiency, leading to arithmetic averaging. This is in contrast to usual ‘square root’ averages found in this type of Riemann solver where the computational expense can be prohibitive. The scheme is applied to a two‐dimensional dam‐break problem and the approximate solution compares well with those given by other authors.
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C.P.T. GROTH and J.J. GOTTLIEB
Partially‐decoupled upwind‐based total‐variation‐diminishing (TVD) finite‐difference schemes for the solution of the conservation laws governing two‐dimensional non‐equilibrium…
Abstract
Partially‐decoupled upwind‐based total‐variation‐diminishing (TVD) finite‐difference schemes for the solution of the conservation laws governing two‐dimensional non‐equilibrium vibrationally relaxing and chemically reacting flows of thermally‐perfect gaseous mixtures are presented. In these methods, a novel partially‐decoupled flux‐difference splitting approach is adopted. The fluid conservation laws and species concentration and vibrational energy equations are decoupled by means of a frozen flow approximation. The resulting partially‐decoupled gas‐dynamic and thermodynamic subsystems are then solved alternately in a lagged manner within a time marching procedure, thereby providing explicit coupling between the two equation sets. Both time‐split semi‐implicit and factored implicit flux‐limited TVD upwind schemes are described. The semi‐implicit formulation is more appropriate for unsteady applications whereas the factored implicit form is useful for obtaining steady‐state solutions. Extensions of Roe's approximate Riemann solvers, giving the eigenvalues and eigenvectors of the fully coupled systems, are used to evaluate the numerical flux functions. Additional modifications to the Riemann solutions are also described which ensure that the approximate solutions are not aphysical. The proposed partially‐decoupled methods are shown to have several computational advantages over chemistry‐split and fully coupled techniques. Furthermore, numerical results for single, complex, and double Mach reflection flows, as well as corner‐expansion and blunt‐body flows, using a five‐species four‐temperature model for air demonstrate the capabilities of the methods.
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Cheng Cheng and Xiaobing Zhang
In computational fluid dynamics for two-phase reactive flow of interior ballistic, the conventional schemes (MacCormack method, etc.) are known to introduce unphysical…
Abstract
Purpose
In computational fluid dynamics for two-phase reactive flow of interior ballistic, the conventional schemes (MacCormack method, etc.) are known to introduce unphysical oscillations in the region where the gradient is high. This paper aims to improve the ability to capture the complex shock wave during the interior ballistic cycle.
Design/methodology/approach
A two-phase flow model is established to describe the complex physical process based on a modified two-fluid theory. The solution of model is obtained including the following key methods: an approximate Riemann solver to construct upwind fluxes, the MUSCL extension to achieve high-order accuracy, a splitting approach to solve source terms, a self-adapting method to expand the computational domain for projectile motion and a control volume conservation method for the moving boundary.
Findings
The paper is devoted to applying a high-resolution numerical method to simulate a transient two-phase reactive flow with moving boundary in guns. Several verification tests demonstrate the accuracy and reliability of this approach. Simulation of two-phase reaction flow with a projectile motion in a large-caliber gun shows an excellent agreement between numerical simulation and experimental measurements.
Practical implications
This paper has implications for improving the ability to capture the complex physics phenomena of two-phase flow during interior ballistic cycle and predict the combustion details, such as the flame spreading, the formation of pressure waves and so on.
Originality/value
This approach is reliable as a prediction tool for the understanding of the physical phenomenon and can therefore be used as an assessment tool for future interior ballistics studies.
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Konstantinos Stokos, Socrates Vrahliotis, Theodora Pappou and Sokrates Tsangaris
– The purpose of this paper is to present a numerical method for the simulation of steady and unsteady incompressible laminar flows, including convective heat transfer.
Abstract
Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to present a numerical method for the simulation of steady and unsteady incompressible laminar flows, including convective heat transfer.
Design/methodology/approach
A node centered, finite volume discretization technique is applied on hybrid meshes. The developed solver, is based on the artificial compressibility approach.
Findings
A sufficient number of representative test cases have been examined for the validation of this numerical solver. A wide range of the various dimensionless parameters were applied for different working fluids, in order to estimate the general applicability of our solver. The obtained results agree well with those published by other researchers. The strongly coupled solution of the governing equations showed superiority compared to the loosely coupled solution as inviscid effects increase.
Practical implications
Convective heat transfer is dominant in a wide variety of practical engineering problems, such as cooling of electronic chips, design of heat exchangers and fire simulation and suspension in tunnels.
Originality/value
A comparison between the strongly coupled solution and the loosely coupled solution of the Navier-Stokes and energy equations is presented. A robust upwind scheme based on Roe’s approximate Riemann solver is proposed.
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A new approach for solving steady incompressible Navier‐Stokes equations is presented in this paper. This method extends the upwind Riemann‐problem‐based techniques to viscous…
Abstract
A new approach for solving steady incompressible Navier‐Stokes equations is presented in this paper. This method extends the upwind Riemann‐problem‐based techniques to viscous flows, which is obtained by applying modified artificial compressibility Navier‐Stokes equations and fully discrete high‐order numerical schemes for systems of advection‐diffusion equations. In this approach, utilizing the local Riemann solutions the steady incompressible viscous flows can be solved in a similar way to that of inviscid hyperbolic conservation laws. Numerical experiments on the driven cavity problem indicate that this approach can give satisfactory solutions.
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Jordi Vila-Pérez, Matteo Giacomini and Antonio Huerta
This study aims to assess the robustness and accuracy of the face-centred finite volume (FCFV) method for the simulation of compressible laminar flows in different regimes, using…
Abstract
Purpose
This study aims to assess the robustness and accuracy of the face-centred finite volume (FCFV) method for the simulation of compressible laminar flows in different regimes, using numerical benchmarks.
Design/methodology/approach
The work presents a detailed comparison with reference solutions published in the literature –when available– and numerical results computed using a commercial cell-centred finite volume software.
Findings
The FCFV scheme provides first-order accurate approximations of the viscous stress tensor and the heat flux, insensitively to cell distortion or stretching. The strategy demonstrates its efficiency in inviscid and viscous flows, for a wide range of Mach numbers, also in the incompressible limit. In purely inviscid flows, non-oscillatory approximations are obtained in the presence of shock waves. In the incompressible limit, accurate solutions are computed without pressure correction algorithms. The method shows its superior performance for viscous high Mach number flows, achieving physically admissible solutions without carbuncle effect and predictions of quantities of interest with errors below 5%.
Originality/value
The FCFV method accurately evaluates, for a wide range of compressible laminar flows, quantities of engineering interest, such as drag, lift and heat transfer coefficients, on unstructured meshes featuring distorted and highly stretched cells, with an aspect ratio up to ten thousand. The method is suitable to simulate industrial flows on complex geometries, relaxing the requirements on mesh quality introduced by existing finite volume solvers and alleviating the need for time-consuming manual procedures for mesh generation to be performed by specialised technicians.
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Stavros N. Leloudas, Georgios N. Lygidakis, Argiris I. Delis and Ioannis K. Nikolos
This study aims to feature the application of the artificial compressibility method (ACM) for the numerical prediction of two-dimensional (2D) axisymmetric swirling flows.
Abstract
Purpose
This study aims to feature the application of the artificial compressibility method (ACM) for the numerical prediction of two-dimensional (2D) axisymmetric swirling flows.
Design/methodology/approach
The respective academic numerical solver, named IGal2D, is based on the axisymmetric Reynolds-averaged Navier–Stokes (RANS) equations, arranged in a pseudo-Cartesian form, enhanced by the addition of the circumferential momentum equation. Discretization of spatial derivative terms within the governing equations is performed via unstructured 2D grid layouts, with a node-centered finite-volume scheme. For the evaluation of inviscid fluxes, the upwind Roe’s approximate Riemann solver is applied, coupled with a higher-order accurate spatial reconstruction, whereas an element-based approach is used for the calculation of gradients required for the viscous ones. Time integration is succeeded through a second-order accurate four-stage Runge-Kutta method, adopting additionally a local time-stepping technique. Further acceleration, in terms of computational time, is achieved by using an agglomeration multigrid scheme, incorporating the full approximation scheme in a V-cycle process, within an efficient edge-based data structure.
Findings
A detailed validation of the proposed numerical methodology is performed by encountering both inviscid and viscous (laminar and turbulent) swirling flows with axial symmetry. IGal2D is compared against the commercial software ANSYS fluent – by using appropriate metrics and characteristic flow quantities – but also against experimental measurements, confirming the proposed methodology’s potential to predict such flows in terms of accuracy.
Originality/value
This study provides a robust methodology for the accurate prediction of swirling flows by combining the axisymmetric RANS equations with ACM. In addition, a detailed description of the convective flux Jacobian is provided, filling a respective gap in research literature.
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