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In light of China’s rapid development and the USA’s “Pivot to Asia” policy, both China and the USA need to view each other objectively and cooperate with each other in order to keep their relations peaceful. The paper aims to discuss these issues.

A literature review has been undertaken to prove that power transition theory is not sufficient for the adequate analysis of Sino-US relations.

Considering its empirical and theoretical defects, power transition theory, which it has been generally considered can be used to explain China’s future development and the future course of Sino-US relations, cannot be used to explain and forecast Sino-US relations scientifically.

Power transition theory cannot be used to explain and forecast Sino-US relations scientifically, considering its empirical and theoretical defects.

The performance of a high‐speed chip is highly dependent on the interconnects, which connect different macro cells within a VLSI chip. Delay, power dissipation and cross‐talk are the major design constraints for high performance VLSI interconnects. The importance of on‐chip inductance is continuously increasing with higher clock frequency, faster on‐chip rise time, wider wires, ever‐growing length of interconnects and introduction of new materials for low resistance interconnects. In the current scenario, interconnect is modeled as an RLC transmission line. Interconnect width optimization plays an important role in deciding transition delay and power dissipation. This paper aims to optimize interconnect width for a matched condition to reduce power and delay parameters.

Width optimization is done for two sets of interconnect terminating conditions, namely active gate and passive capacitance. SPICE simulations have been used to validate the findings.

For a driver interconnect load model terminated by an active gate load, a trade‐off exists between short circuit and dynamic power in inductive interconnects, since with wider lines dynamic power increases, but short circuit power of the load gate decreases due to reduced transient delay. Whereas, for a line terminated by a capacitor, such trade‐off does not exist. Many of the previous researches have modeled the active gate load at the terminating end by its input parasitic gate capacitance.

This paper shows that such modeling leads to inaccuracy in estimation of power, and therefore non‐optimal width selection, especially for large fan‐out conditions.

The finding is that the impedance matching between transmission line at driver and load ends plays an important role in estimation of overall power dissipation and transition delay of a VLSI circuit.

Global climate change is a serious threat to the survival and development of mankind. Reducing carbon emissions and achieving carbon neutrality are the keys to reducing greenhouse gas emissions and promoting sustainable human development. For many countries, taking China as an example, the electric power sector is the main contributor to the country’s carbon emissions, as well as a key sector for reducing carbon emissions and achieving carbon neutrality. The low-carbon transition of the power sector is of great significance to the long-term low-carbon development of the economy. Therefore, on the one hand, it is necessary to improve the energy supply structure on the supply side and increase the proportion of new energy in the total power supply. On the other hand, it is necessary to improve energy utilization efficiency on the demand side and control the total primary energy consumption by improving energy efficiency, which is the most direct and effective way to reduce emissions. Improving the utilization efficiency of electric energy and realizing the low-carbon transition of the electric power industry requires synergies between the government and the market. The purpose of this study is to investigate the individual and synergistic effects of China’s low-carbon policy and the opening of urban high-speed railways (HSRs) on the urban electricity consumption efficiency, measured as electricity consumption per unit of gross domestic product (GDP).

This study uses a panel of 289 Chinese prefecture-level cities from the years 1999–2019 as the sample and uses the time-varying difference-in-difference method to test the relationship between HSR, low-carbon pilot cities and urban electricity consumption efficiency. In addition, the instrumental variable method is adopted to make a robustness check.

Empirical results show that the low-carbon pilot policy and the HSR operation in cities would reduce the energy consumption per unit of GDP, and synergies occur in both HSR operated and low-carbon pilot cities.

This study has limitations that would provide possible starting points for future studies. The first limitation is the choice of the proxy variable of government and market factors. The second limitation is that the existing data is only about whether the high-speed rail is opened or not and whether it is a low-carbon pilot city, and there is no more informative data to combine the two aspects.

The findings of this study can inform policymakers and regulators about the effects of low-carbon pilot city policies. In addition, the government should consider market-level factors in addition to policy factors. Only by combining various influencing factors can the efficient use of energy be more effectively achieved so as to achieve the goal of carbon neutrality.

From the social perspective, the findings indicate that improving energy utilization is dependent on the joint efforts of the government and market.

The study provides quantitative evidence to assess the synergic effect between government and the market in the low-carbon transition of the electric power industry. Particularly, to the best of the authors’ knowledge, it is the first to comprehend the role of the city low-carbon pilot policy and the construction of HSR in improving electricity efficiency.

The purpose of this paper is to present a conceptual framework of the relationship between technological transitions and hegemonic transitions in the international system from a historical perspective and discuss its consequences for technologically dependent countries and regions.

This paper analyzes the relationship between technological transitions and hegemonic transitions in the international system from a historical perspective. It then constructs four possible transition scenarios for China's international order and the USA's central role in defining the international order. IT closes with a discussion of how changes in ICT and global health public goods can impact China's position in the international order and opportunities for Latin America–China technology partnerships.

Historically, technological transitions and hegemonic transitions in the international system simultaneously occur, with the country winning the technological dispute emerging as the international system's hegemon. The USA and China are currently involved in technological races in several next-generation technologies. The outcome of these technological races will define each country's position in the international system in the coming decades and the transformations in the international order.

This paper is limited to discussing the technologies/sectors: ICT, specifically 5G, and AI technologies, and medical technologies with the potential of global public health goods. Research on other technologies/sectors will provide a deeper understanding of the likely outcomes of the current technological transition and its implications for the balance of power in the international system.

This paper makes a case for Latin American countries to (1) engage in a pragmatic bargain with China and the USA to establish technological partnerships in emerging technologies and (2) to develop national technology strategies aimed at promoting autonomous technology development capabilities.

This paper addresses the need for Latin America to take a strong stance for technological autonomy, stressing the differences in buying technology and making technology.

This paper presents an original framework of the relationship between technological transitions and hegemonic transitions in the international system. It discusses how technological leadership impacts the international order by establishing relations of technological dominance and technological dependency.

This paper aims to examine the internal logical relationship between two intergenerational inheritance ways of passing property rights and residual control rights (RCR) and to construct a conceptual model comprising transfer elements, paths and timing of succession in this process.

Driven by the cases of Haixin, Tianyijiao and Changhe Group, this paper applies research methods of copying and expanding analysis logic, progressive deduction, content analysis and comparative research based on the perspective of HeXie theory to explore the deep interrelation of transfer elements, paths and timing during family business succession.

The findings present that the content of intergenerational inheritance of a family firm is the inheritance of property rights and RCR. First, the inheritance of property rights is a static inheritance of time-point delivery, whereas the inheritance of RCR is a dynamic inheritance process for a period of time. Second, the inheritance of property rights and RCR are not independent; only a “HeXie” succession of both rights can realize a successful inheritance of family firms.

This paper constructs the paths and timing model of intergenerational inheritance of property rights and RCR in family firms. This paper integrates the current literature studies on the family inheritance of property rights and RCR and explains their internal mechanisms. This paper also provides a theoretical foundation and empirical evidence for family business transitions in the business world.

The purpose of this paper is to expand understanding of how leaders can use their power to reshape macro-level structures to foster individuals' freedoms and build more democratic workplaces. The importance of freedom in work and life can hardly be argued with, yet current democracy scores are the lowest that have ever been recorded (Economist Intelligence Unit, 2019).

The authors analyzed two cases of successful democratization, Spain and Lithuania, where they conducted a total of 65 semi-structured interviews with different actors including the top leaders themselves. A combined inductive-deductive analysis of the in-depth qualitative data highlighted how using different dimensions of power (French and Raven, 1959) related to distributing power to others.

These findings extend understanding of how leaders can use their power to effectively distribute power to others and reach a democracy that fosters freedom. Information and referent power were crucial for aligning the different stakeholder groups, expert power emerged as key for building and empowering a network of support and legitimate power was essential for fostering peaceful and long-lasting changes toward democracy.

While previous research has recognized the importance of leadership and politics for instigating macro-level changes, this study specifies how leaders can utilize their different sources of power to bring greater power and freedom to individuals by unpacking the unique impacts of each type of power. This study thus provides practical insights for leaders seeking to establish more democratic workplaces.

The purpose of this paper is to present advances towards a social intrapreneurship department within energy corporations. By drawing on the literature on social intrapreneurship and stakeholder theory, this paper provides a conceptual proposal for an organisational structure. This paper builds on the notion of bridging and boundary organisations, to suggest an organisational innovative structure as a social intrapreneurship endeavour focussing on the increasing salience of weak stakeholders in energy corporations from the energy justice approach.

This paper draws on the literatures on social intrapreneurship and stakeholder theory, to provide arguments and an organisational proposal to alleviate energy poverty in energy corporations.

The results are presented in a conceptual process model for the development of Social Energy Department units within large energy companies, illustrating their embeddedness in both societal and company-level processes to facilitate social intrapreneurship initiatives that would alleviate energy poverty in the just transition.

The paper promises novel insights at the nexus of social enterprise and organisational change. The practical applicability is particularly promising, as it focusses on integrating novel units in energy companies and stimulates further research on models of social intrapreneurship to tackle energy poverty.

The paper offers both practical and theoretical contributions to the stakeholder theory field with insights from social intrapreneurship and organisational stakeholder theory in the context of a specific social problem – energy poverty, energy justice and the just energy transition.

The ongoing urbanization and decarbonization require deployment of energy storage in the urban energy system to integrate large-scale variable renewable energy (VRE) into the power grids. The cost reductions of batteries enable private entities to invest energy storage for energy management whose operating strategy may differ from traditional storage facilities. This study aims to investigate the impacts of energy storage on the power system with different operation strategies. Two strategies are modeled through a simulation-based regional economic power dispatch model. The profit-oriented strategy denotes the storage system operated by private entities for price arbitrage, and the nonprofit-oriented strategy denotes the storage system dispatched by an independent system operator (ISO) for the whole power system optimization. A case study of Jiangsu, China is conducted. The results show that the profit-oriented strategy only has a very limited impact on the cost reductions of power system and may even increase the cost for consumers. While nonprofit-oriented energy storage performs a positive effect on the system cost reduction. CO₂ emission reduction can only be achieved under a high VRE scenario for energy storage. Integrating energy storage into the power system may increase CO₂ emissions in the near term. In addition, the peak-valley spread is crucial to trigger operations of profit-oriented energy storage, and the profitability of energy storage operator is observed to be decreasing with the total storage capacity. This study provides new insights for the energy management in the smart city, and the modeling framework can be applied to regions with different resource endowments.

The authors characterize two battery storage operating strategies of profit- and nonprofit-oriented by adopting a simulation-based economic dispatch model. A simulation from 36 years of hourly weather data of wind and solar output from case study of Jiangsu, China is conducted.

The results show that the profit-oriented strategy only has a very limited impact on the cost reductions of power system and may even increase the cost for consumers. While nonprofit-oriented energy storage performs a positive effect on the system cost reduction. CO₂ emission reduction can only be achieved under high VRE scenario for energy storage. Integrating energy storage into the power system may increase CO₂ emissions in the near term. In addition, the peak-valley spread is crucial to trigger operations of profit-oriented energy storage, and the profitability of energy storage operator is observed to be decreasing with the total storage capacity.

This study provides new insights for the energy management in the smart city, and the modeling framework can be applied to regions with different resource endowments.

One of the most consistent and widely discussed findings in research on citizens' attitudes toward the police is that African‐American citizens view the police less favorably than do white citizens. Frank and his colleagues, however, found that in Detroit African‐American residents held more favorable views of the police than did white residents. They suggested that as a result of “ethno‐racial political transitions” occurring in large cities attitudes toward the police of both African‐American and white residents may have changed. The current study seeks to examine this issue in Washington, DC which has undergone similar demographic and political changes.

Data for the current study were taken from a 1998 survey of households in 12 US cities conducted by the Bureau of Justice Statistics.

The results suggest that, although Washington, DC has undergone an “ethno‐racial political transition”, African‐American residents reported less satisfaction with the police than did white residents.

The study is limited by cross‐sectional data and the unique nature of politics and policing in Washington, DC. Future research using longitudinal data should consider these issues in other “transitioned” cities.

Examines African‐American and white citizens' attitudes toward police in Washington, DC.

This paper presents method to discriminate between transient voltage stability and voltage sag. The discrete wavelet transform (WT) is a powerful tool in the analysis of the transient phenomena in power systems because of its ability to extract information in both the time and frequency domain. This paper introduces a technique for accurate discrimination by combining WTs with neural networks (NNs). The WT is first applied to decompose the signals into a series of detailed wavelet components. The wavelet components are calculated and then employed to train a NN. The simulated results presented clearly show that the proposed technique can accurately discriminate between transient voltage stability and voltage sag in power system protection.