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1 – 10 of over 1000Amin Jafarimoghaddam and Ioan Pop
The purpose of this study is to present a simple analytic solution to wall jet flow of nanofluids. The concept of exponentially decaying wall jet flows proposed by Glauert (1956)…
Abstract
Purpose
The purpose of this study is to present a simple analytic solution to wall jet flow of nanofluids. The concept of exponentially decaying wall jet flows proposed by Glauert (1956) is considered.
Design/methodology/approach
A proper similarity variables are used to transform the system of partial differential equations into a system of ordinary (similarity) differential equations. This system is then solved analytically.
Findings
Dual solutions are found and a stability analysis has been done. These solutions show that the first solution is physically realizable, whereas the second solution is not practicable.
Originality/value
The present results are original and new for the study of fluid flow and heat transfer over a static permeable wall, as they successfully extend the problem considered by Glauert (1956) to the case of nanofluids.
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From time to time a new technique is developed which makes it possible to enahce largely the properties of existing coating materials and, even more important, to develop…
Abstract
From time to time a new technique is developed which makes it possible to enahce largely the properties of existing coating materials and, even more important, to develop essentially new organic coatings. A fine example of such a new technique is micro‐encapsulation.
Ivan Lee, Patrick Roppel, Mark Lawton and Prudence Ferreira
The purpose of this paper is to propose a methodology for evaluating the hygrothermal performance of framed wall assemblies based on design limits. This methodology allows…
Abstract
Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to propose a methodology for evaluating the hygrothermal performance of framed wall assemblies based on design limits. This methodology allows designers to evaluate wall assemblies based on their absolute performance rather than relative performance which is typically done for most hygrothermal analysis.
Design/methodology/approach
The approach in developing this methodology was to evaluate wall assemblies against three typical design loads (e.g. air leakage, construction moisture, rain penetration) and determine limits in minimum insulation ratio, maximum indoor humidity and maximum rain penetration rates. This analysis was performed at both the field area of the wall and at framing junctions such as window sills.
Findings
The findings in this paper shows example design limits for various wall assemblies in heating-dominated climates in North America. Design limits for wall assemblies with moisture membranes of different vapour permeance are provided for both the field area of the wall and at window sills. Discussions about the importance of 2D hygrothermal simulation and performance of vapour permeable sub-sill membranes are also provided.
Originality/value
This framework of hygrothermal analysis will enable designers to make better decisions when designing framed wall assemblies suitable to the local climate and interior specifications for their projects. It will also enable the development of a design tool that will allow designers to visually see the implications of certain design decisions and filter out designs that do not meet their design conditions.
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Wen-Juan Zhang, Xue-Hua Ruan, Gao-Hong He, Yong-Liang Ma and Yuan-Fa Liu
The permeate flux in microfiltration (MF) declines sharply with time due to membrane fouling, which seriously restricts its use in industrial applications. The purpose of this…
Abstract
Purpose
The permeate flux in microfiltration (MF) declines sharply with time due to membrane fouling, which seriously restricts its use in industrial applications. The purpose of this paper is to investigate particles deposition in MF processes, and propose a three-dimensional numerical model that focuses on particle-fluid flow and considers both permeable boundary conditions and cake deposition.
Design/methodology/approach
The two-ways coupling model was solved using Euler-Lagrange methods in which the suspended particle was traced by a hard sphere model and the fluid was simulated using large eddy model.
Findings
The numerical results predicted based on this model demonstrated the permeate flux increased as trans-membrane pressure and inlet velocity increased but decreased with an increase in feed concentration.
Research limitations/implications
Good agreement was observed between the values obtained with the model and experimental values from the literature. The error is less than 20 per cent both permeate flux and cake thickness. In addition, a precise visualisation of cake morphology with filtration time was provided.
Originality/value
These analyses allowed for an estimation of the three-dimensional motion of suspended particles in turbulent flow. It saves manpower and financial resources for experiment, which possess important theoretical and industrial significance.
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Syed Tauseef Mohyud-din, Naveed Ahmed, Umar Khan and Mohammad Mehdi Rashidi
The purpose of this study is to analyze thermo-diffusion and diffusion-thermo effects, combined with first-order chemical reaction, in the flow of a micropolar fluid through an…
Abstract
Purpose
The purpose of this study is to analyze thermo-diffusion and diffusion-thermo effects, combined with first-order chemical reaction, in the flow of a micropolar fluid through an asymmetric channel with porous boundaries. Suction/injection velocities of upper and lower walls are taken to be different from each other. The channel exhibits a parting or embracing motion and the fluid enters, or leaves, the channel because of suction/injection through the permeable walls.
Design/methodology/approach
The solution of the problem is obtained by using the fourth-order Runge-Kutta method combined with the shooting technique.
Findings
The asymmetric nature of the channel that is caused by the different permeabilities of the walls deeply influences the flow. The temperature of the fluid rises significantly by increasing the absolute value of A for both Case I and Case II. While, for the concentration profile, the concentration drops near the lower vicinity of the center in Case I, and, it falls near the lower wall of the channel in Case II. Stronger Dufour effects increase the temperature of the fluid except for Case 1 at the center of the channel and for Case II in lower quarter of the channel.
Originality/value
It is confirmed that the presented work is original and is not under consideration by any other journal.
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David W. Beddoes and Colin Booth
Experimental field test apparatus has been used to determine the inter-variability and intra-variability floodwater ingress rates of the masonry wall of a domestic building…
Abstract
Purpose
Experimental field test apparatus has been used to determine the inter-variability and intra-variability floodwater ingress rates of the masonry wall of a domestic building, before and after preparation with an improved surface treatment procedure. The purpose of this paper is to discuss this issue.
Design/methodology/approach
Replicated and repeated simulations of floodwater conditions (600 mm head) outside a building were created, before and after the wall was treated with a combination of mortar admixture and surface impregnation.
Findings
Untreated and treated floodwater ingress rates were 4.99 litres/hour (234.99 litres/hour/m2) and 1.74 litres/hour (81.90 litres/hour/m2), respectively, and display high intra-variability before treatment. These preliminary results indicate water penetration through masonry is linked to the initial rate of absorption of brick units and perceivably the workmanship of the bricklayer.
Originality/value
Reductions in floodwater penetration from outside a building, by the impregnation and admixture treatments of masonry walls, can be achieved to manageable levels. However, the target for rates of water ingress through permeable masonry of < 10 litres/hour/m2, to accord with values for kitemark products, still needs further work.
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H.M. Duwairi and Rebhi. A. Damseh
The purpose of this paper is to study thermophoresis particle deposition and thermal radiation interaction on natural convection heat and mass transfer by steady boundary layer…
Abstract
Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to study thermophoresis particle deposition and thermal radiation interaction on natural convection heat and mass transfer by steady boundary layer flow over an isothermal vertical flat plate embedded in a fluid saturated porous medium.
Design/methodology/approach
The governing partial differential equations are transformed into non‐similar form by using special transformation and then the resulting partial differential equations are solved numerically by using an implicit finite difference method.
Findings
Different results are obtained and displaced graphically to explain the effect of various physical parameters on the wall thermophoresis deposition velocity and concentration profiles. It is found that the increasing of thermal radiation parameter or dimensionless temperature ratio heats the fluid and decreases temperature gradients near permeable wall, which increases local Nusselt numbers and decreases wall thermophoresis velocities. It is also found that the effect of power indices of either temperatures or concentration enhances both local Nusselt numbers and wall thermophoresis velocities. Comparison with previously published work in the limits shows excellent agreement.
Originality/value
The paper presents useful conclusions based on graphical results obtained from studying numerical solutions for thermophoresis‐thermal radiation heat and mass transfer interaction by steady, laminar boundary layer over a vertical flat plate embedded in a porous medium.
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Oskar Szulc, Piotr Doerffer, Pawel Flaszynski and Marianna Braza
This paper aims to describe a proposal for an innovative method of normal shock wave–turbulent boundary layer interaction (SBLI) and shock-induced separation control.
Abstract
Purpose
This paper aims to describe a proposal for an innovative method of normal shock wave–turbulent boundary layer interaction (SBLI) and shock-induced separation control.
Design/methodology/approach
The concept is based on the introduction of a tangentially moving wall upstream of the shock wave and in the interaction region. The SBLI control mechanism may be implemented as a closed belt floating on an air cushion, sliding over two cylinders and forming the outer skin of the suction side of the airfoil. The presented exploratory numerical study is conducted with SPARC solver (steady 2D RANS). The effect of the moving wall is presented for the NACA 0012 airfoil operating in transonic conditions.
Findings
To assess the accuracy of obtained solutions, validation of the computational model is demonstrated against the experimental data of Harris, Ladson & Hill and Mineck & Hartwich (NASA Langley). The comparison is conducted not only for the reference (impermeable) but also for the perforated (permeable) surface NACA 0012 airfoils. Subsequent numerical analysis of SBLI control by moving wall confirms that for the selected velocity ratios, the method is able to improve the shock-upstream boundary layer and counteract flow separation, significantly increasing the airfoil aerodynamic performance.
Originality/value
The moving wall concept as a means of normal shock wave–turbulent boundary layer interaction and shock-induced separation control has been investigated in detail for the first time. The study quantified the necessary operational requirements of such a system and practicable aerodynamic efficiency gains and simultaneously revealed the considerable potential of this promising idea, stimulating a new direction for future investigations regarding SBLI control.
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Buhe Eerdun, Qiqige Eerdun, Bala Huhe, Chaolu Temuer and Jing-Yu Wang
The purpose of this paper is to consider a steady two-dimensional magneto-hydrodynamic (MHD) Falkner-Skan boundary layer flow of an incompressible viscous electrically fluid over…
Abstract
Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to consider a steady two-dimensional magneto-hydrodynamic (MHD) Falkner-Skan boundary layer flow of an incompressible viscous electrically fluid over a permeable wall in the presence of a magnetic field.
Design/methodology/approach
The governing equations of MHD Falkner-Skan flow are transformed into an initial values problem of an ordinary differential equation using the Lie symmetry method which are then solved by He's variational iteration method with He's polynomials.
Findings
The approximate solution is compared with the known solution using the diagonal Pad’e approximants and the geometrical behavior for the values of various parameters. The results reveal the reliability and validity of the present work, and this combinational method can be applied to other nonlinear boundary layer flow problems.
Originality/value
In this paper, an approximate analytical solution of the MHD Falkner-Skan flow problem is obtained by combining the Lie symmetry method with the variational iteration method and He's polynomials.
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Asha Shivappa Kotnurkar and Deepa C. Katagi
The current paper investigates the bioconvective third-grade nanofluid flow containing gyrotactic organisms with Copper-blood nanoparticles in permeable walls.
Abstract
Purpose
The current paper investigates the bioconvective third-grade nanofluid flow containing gyrotactic organisms with Copper-blood nanoparticles in permeable walls.
Design/methodology/approach
The equations governing the flow are solved by adopting the Adomian decomposition method.
Findings
The results show that the biconvection Peclet number decreases the density of motile microorganisms, and the Rayleigh number also decreases the velocity profile.
Practical implications
The present study can be applied to design the higher generation microsystems.
Originality/value
To the best of the authors’ knowledge, no such investigation has been carried out in the literature.
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