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1 – 10 of 909Sucihatiningsih Dian Wisika Prajanti
–The purpose of this paper is to determine strategies in controlling over the function of paddy field in Central Java.
Abstract
Purpose
–The purpose of this paper is to determine strategies in controlling over the function of paddy field in Central Java.
Design/methodology/approach
Purposive sampling was employed by having 12 people interviewed. Analytical hierarchy process was used to determine a strategy related to policy control toward agricultural land conversion.
Findings
The results indicated priorities which are recommended to include in the policy toward the function of the land conversion in Central Java. They are: first, the application of laws that regulate land conversion mechanism; second, tightening or restricting and prohibiting rules for anyone who wants to change the function of agricultural land; and finally, zoning or clustering region based on urban spatial and land use.
Research limitations/implications
This study suggests that the government is expected to invest directly for agriculture and plantation by avoiding the use of existing rice field.
Practical implications
It is also advisable for government to utilize the available unused land.
Originality/value
This paper captures factual condition of the decrease of the land use for agriculture which has been very critical issues in any agrarian countries. This is essential to know the core of the problem and possible solutions for similar case in other typical nations.
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Andreas Neef, Peter Elstner and Iven Schad
Drawing on studies in flood-affected upland areas of Thailand and Vietnam, this chapter explores the complex interplay between collective, state and individual responses to…
Abstract
Drawing on studies in flood-affected upland areas of Thailand and Vietnam, this chapter explores the complex interplay between collective, state and individual responses to disastrous flood events and subsequent mitigation strategies. Fieldwork was conducted between 2007 and 2009, employing a variety of qualitative methods, such as semi-structured interviews in flood-affected households, focus group discussions and narrative essays written by local people. Evidence suggests that farmers’ willingness to engage in flood mitigation is curbed by the common perception that flooding is caused by a bundle of exogenous factors. In the case study from Vietnam, state intervention in formerly community-based water management has alienated farmers from water governance and reduced their sense of personal and collective responsibility. Their lack of engagement in flood-prevention strategies could also be explained by the fact that their major cash crop was not affected by the flood event. In the Thai case study, where community-based water management remained largely unaffected by state influence, villagers agreed in a collective decision-making process to widening the riverbed after a severe flood, although this meant that some farmers had to give up parts of their paddy fields. Yet, following a second flood, these farmers opened up new upland rice fields in the forested upper watershed areas to ensure their food security, thus increasing the likelihood of future flood disasters downstream. We conclude that flood mitigation and adaptation policies need to consider (1) local people’s own causal explanations of flood events and (2) the potential trade-offs between collective action, state intervention and individual livelihood strategies.
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Jun Seong Ho and James B. Lewis
Since 1997, a quantitative revolution has swept Korean economic history and generated a new paradigm. From 1700 to 1900 the Korean economy expanded and contracted along lines…
Abstract
Since 1997, a quantitative revolution has swept Korean economic history and generated a new paradigm. From 1700 to 1900 the Korean economy expanded and contracted along lines suggested by Adam Smith. Economic expansion was based on productive land and a stable commodity market. The direct result was high real skilled wages. Economic contraction became clear from the mid-nineteenth century when the value of land declined, commodity prices rose, and real skilled wages fell. The contraction was apparent before the appearance of Japanese imperialism and the absorption of Korea into the international commodity market after 1876.
This paper seeks: (1) to understand householding as an economic survival strategy by viewing new, historical, evidence in light of previous work on the theme, (2) to fill gaps in…
Abstract
Purpose
This paper seeks: (1) to understand householding as an economic survival strategy by viewing new, historical, evidence in light of previous work on the theme, (2) to fill gaps in the historical and anthropological literature on prewar Japanese farming villages that have resulted in an incomplete conceptualization of the household as a unit of production and consumption, and (3) to improve the overall comprehension of peasant behavior vis-à-vis questions about moral economy, ecological adaptation, and risk-taking.
Design/methodology/approach
The essay relies on information gleaned from a detailed 1935–1936 one-year diary of a small-scale farmer, published in 1938.
Findings
The prewar Japanese farming village was far more than a collection of households linked by sharing and reciprocal ties. It was not only a place where households as economic units of production and consumption were central, but one where individuals strived to obtain whatever they could, whenever they could. It appears that small-scale prewar Japanese farmers were as likely to take risks and to experiment in order to improve their lot as any other peasants around the world.
Originality/value
It adds to the understanding of prewar Japanese farming villages by presenting valuable historical data that has previously been unavailable in English. It also helps to better situate Japanese peasants in the context of global peasant culture and society, and improves understanding of developmental processes – especially in the case of 20th century Japan.
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Rini Fitri, Reza Fauzi, Olivia Seanders and Dibyanti Danniswari
The purpose of the study is to analyze changes in land use, specifically residential area expansion, in South Tangerang City and identify the factors that influence land use…
Abstract
Purpose
The purpose of the study is to analyze changes in land use, specifically residential area expansion, in South Tangerang City and identify the factors that influence land use change.
Design/methodology/approach
The study used remote sensing methods in ArcGIS 10.8 for data analysis and processing, including spatial analysis and identification of land use changes. The study analyzed satellite images from 2010 and 2020 to identify changes in land use in South Tangerang City over the ten-year period.
Findings
The study found that the most significant land use changes in South Tangerang City between 2010 and 2020 were the reduction of mixed plantation area and the expansion of residential areas. The study identified the development of small townships by private developers as the main factor that influenced land use change in South Tangerang City.
Research limitations/implications
The study has several limitations, including a focus on only one aspect of land use change (i.e. residential area expansion), limited scope of the study area (South Tangerang City) and a reliance on remote sensing methods for data analysis.
Practical implications
The findings of the study can be used by policymakers and city planners to develop sustainable land use planning strategies that balance the need for urban development with environmental and social concerns. By understanding the factors that drive land use changes in South Tangerang City, policymakers can develop policies that encourage sustainable urban growth and development while preserving natural resources and protecting the environment.
Social implications
The study has social implications as the expansion of residential areas in South Tangerang City indicates a growing demand for housing in the area. The study highlights the importance of developing affordable and sustainable housing solutions to meet the needs of the growing population in South Tangerang City. Additionally, the study emphasizes the importance of understanding the social and economic factors that drive land use change and their implications for the well-being of local communities.
Originality/value
The residential area development in South Tangerang City is driven by private developers who make small independent cities that have all facilities in one area. These small cities attract people to reside and also drive high population growth in South Tangerang City, considering it is a buffer city of Jakarta that has good infrastructure development.
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Yuexin Zhang, Lihui Wang and Yaodong Liu
To reduce the effect of parameter uncertainties and input saturation on path tracking control for autonomous combine harvester, a path tracking controller is proposed, which…
Abstract
Purpose
To reduce the effect of parameter uncertainties and input saturation on path tracking control for autonomous combine harvester, a path tracking controller is proposed, which integrates an adaptive neural network estimator and a saturation-aided system.
Design/methodology/approach
First, to analyze and compensate the influence of external factors, the vehicle model is established combining a dynamic model and a kinematic model. Meanwhile, to make the model simple, a comprehensive error is used, weighting heading error and position error simultaneously. Second, an adaptive neural network estimator is presented to calculate uncertain parameters which eventually improve the dynamic model. Then, the path tracking controller based on the improved dynamic model is designed by using the backstepping method, and its stability is proved by the Lyapunov theorem. Third, to mitigate round-trip operation of the actuator due to input saturation, a saturation-aided variable is presented during the control design process.
Findings
To verify the tracking accuracy and environmental adaptability of the proposed controller, numerical simulations are carried out under three different cases, and field experiments are performed in harvesting wheat and paddy. The experimental results demonstrate the tracking errors of the proposed controller that are reduced by more than 28% with contrast to the conventional controllers.
Originality/value
An adaptive neural network-based path tracking control is proposed, which considers both parameter uncertainties and input saturation. As far as we know, this is the first time a path tracking controller is specifically designed for the combine harvester with full consideration of working characteristics.
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Pulla Rao Chennamsetty, Guruvareddy Avula and Ramarao Chunduri buchhi
The purpose of the research work is to detect camouflaged objects in autonomous systems of military applications and civilian applications such as detecting insects in paddy fields…
Abstract
Purpose
The purpose of the research work is to detect camouflaged objects in autonomous systems of military applications and civilian applications such as detecting insects in paddy fields, identifying duplicate products in different texture environments.
Design/methodology/approach
Camouflaged objects detection is performed by smoothing texture with nonlinear models and characterizing with statistical methods to detect the objects.
Findings
There are few challenges in existing camouflaged objects detection due to the complexities involved in the detection process. This work proposes a constructive approach with texture statistical characterization for camouflage detection. The proposed technique is found to be better than existing methods while assessing its performance using precision and recall.
Research limitations/implications
Even though there is lot of research work carried, there are few challenges for autonomous systems in camouflage detection due to the complexities involved in the detection process such as texture modeling and dynamic background problems and environment conditions for autonomous system.
Practical implications
Camouflage detection finds potential applications in security systems, surveillance, military and autonomous systems. The proposed work is implemented in different environments for camouflage detection.
Social implications
Social problems such as image acquisition environment, time of day, desert, forest and grass fields of paddy.
Originality/value
The proposed method detects camouflaged objects in autonomous systems where it is applied for images of different kinds. It is found to be effective on images recorded in battlefield and challenging environments.
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Xiaohui Huang, Qian Lu and Fei Yang
This paper aims to build a theoretical model of the impact of farmers’ adoption behavior of soil and water conservation measures on the agricultural output to analyze the impact…
Abstract
Purpose
This paper aims to build a theoretical model of the impact of farmers’ adoption behavior of soil and water conservation measures on the agricultural output to analyze the impact of farmers’ adoption behavior of soil and water conservation measures on agricultural output.
Design/methodology/approach
Based on the field survey data of 808 farmers households in three provinces (regions) of the Loess Plateau, this paper using the endogenous switching regression model to analyze the effect of farmers’ adoption behavior of soil and water conservation measures on agricultural output.
Findings
Soil erosion has a significant negative impact on agricultural output, and soil erosion has a significant positive impact on farmers’ adoption of soil and water conservation measures. Farmers adopt soil and water conservation measures such as engineering measures, biological measures and tillage measures to cope with soil erosion, which can increase agricultural output. Based on the counterfactual hypothesis, if farmers who adopt soil and water conservation measures do not adopt the corresponding soil and water conservation measures, their average output per ha output will decrease by 2.01%. Then, if farmers who do not adopt soil and water conservation measures adopt the corresponding soil and water conservation measures, their average output per ha output will increase by 12.12%. Government support and cultivated land area have a significant positive impact on farmers’ adoption behavior of soil and water conservation measures.
Research limitations/implications
The research limitation is the lack of panel data.
Practical implications
Soil erosion has a significant negative impact on agricultural output, and soil erosion has a significant positive impact on farmers’ adoption of soil and water conservation measures. Farmers adopt soil and water conservation measures such as engineering measures, biological measures and tillage measures to cope with soil erosion, which can increase agricultural output.
Social implications
The conclusion provides a reliable empirical basis for the government to formulate and implement relevant policies.
Originality/value
The contributions of this paper are as follows: the adoption behavior of soil and water conservation measures and agricultural output are included into the same analytical framework for empirical analysis, revealing the influencing factors of farmers’ adoption behavior of soil and water conservation measures and their output effects, enriching existing research. Using endogenous switching regression model and introducing instrumental variables to overcome the endogenous problem between the adoption behavior of soil and water conservation measures and agricultural output, and to analyze the influencing factors of farmers’ adoption behavior of soil and water conservation measures and its impact on agricultural output. Using the counter-factual idea to ensure that the two matched individuals have the same or similar attributes, to evaluate the average treatment effect of the behavior of soil and water conservation measures, to estimate the real impact of adaptation measures on agricultural output as accurately as possible and to avoid misleading policy recommendations.
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Bui Duc Tinh, Tran Huu Tuan, Tran Phong, Bui Dung The and Bui Thi Tam
A review of the existing literature on disasters, impact, local vulnerability, and adaptation indicates to the fact that recent increasing frequency of natural disasters (e.g.…
Abstract
A review of the existing literature on disasters, impact, local vulnerability, and adaptation indicates to the fact that recent increasing frequency of natural disasters (e.g., floods, storms, and drought) have increasingly caused impacts on a diverse set of physical and biological systems, especially for those living in the developing countries where their livelihood strategies rely on natural resources (McCarthy, Canziani, Leary, Dokken, & White, 2001; Selvaraju, Subbiah, Baas, & Juergens, 2006; Kumar, 2007; Cruz et al., 2007).
Hadi Shams Esfandabadi, Mohsen Ghamary Asl, Zahra Shams Esfandabadi, Sneha Gautam and Meisam Ranjbari
This research aims to monitor vegetation indices to assess drought in paddy rice fields in Mazandaran, Iran, and propose the best index to predict rice yield.
Abstract
Purpose
This research aims to monitor vegetation indices to assess drought in paddy rice fields in Mazandaran, Iran, and propose the best index to predict rice yield.
Design/methodology/approach
A three-step methodology is applied. First, the paddy rice fields are mapped by using three satellite-based datasets, namely SRTM DEM, Landsat8 TOA and MYD11A2. Second, the maps of indices are extracted using MODIS. And finally, the trend of indices over rice-growing seasons is extracted and compared with the rice yield data.
Findings
Rice paddies maps and vegetation indices maps are provided. Vegetation Health Index (VHI) combining average Temperature Condition Index (TCI) and minimum Vegetation Condition Index (VCI), and also VHI combining TCImin and VCImin are found to be the most proper indices to predict rice yield.
Practical implications
The results serve as a guideline for policy-makers and practitioners in the agro-food industry to (1) support sustainable agriculture and food safety in terms of rice production; (2) help balance the supply and demand sides of the rice market and move towards SDG2; (3) use yield prediction in the rice supply chain management, pricing and trade flows management; and (4) assess drought risk in index-based insurances.
Originality/value
This study, as one of the first research assessing and mapping vegetation indices for rice paddies in northern Iran, particularly contributes to (1) extracting the map of paddy rice fields in Mazandaran Province by using satellite-based data on cloud-computing technology in the Google Earth Engine platform; (2) providing the map of VCI and TCI for the period 2010–2019 based on MODIS data and (3) specifying the best index to describe rice yield through proposing different calculation methods for VHI.
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