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1 – 10 of over 45000Laura D. Robinson, Christopher A. Magee and Peter Caputi
The purpose of this paper is to identify work-to-family profiles in working mothers, test whether profiles differ between sole and partnered mothers, and examine whether the…
Abstract
Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to identify work-to-family profiles in working mothers, test whether profiles differ between sole and partnered mothers, and examine whether the work-to-family profiles are associated with burnout.
Design/methodology/approach
Data on work-to-family conflict (WFC), work-to-family enrichment (WFE), burnout, and relevant socio-demographic covariates were collected via a self-report online survey. Latent profile analysis on WFC and WFE items was used to identify profiles in 179-sole and 857-partnered mothers in paid employment. Regression analyses were performed to examine whether profiles were associated with burnout.
Findings
Five distinct work-to-family profiles were identified: Harmful, Negative Active, Active, Beneficial, and Fulfilled. Profile membership differed significantly between sole and partnered mothers, with sole mothers more likely to be in the harmful profile. The five profiles had differing implications for burnout.
Practical implications
WFC and WFE can co-occur, and have differing implications for health and well-being. It is important to consider both WFC and WFE when addressing employee burnout. Furthermore, sole mothers may need greater assistance in reducing WFC and increasing WFE in order to minimize burnout.
Originality/value
This study contributes to existing research by demonstrating differences in work-to-family profiles between sole and partnered mothers, and highlights the need for future research on diverse family types.
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Scott L. Boyar, Reimara Valk, Carl P. Maertz and Ranjan Sinha
The purpose of this paper is to develop turnover reasons and assess their importance for various family role configurations. Specifically, the authors were interested in whether…
Abstract
Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to develop turnover reasons and assess their importance for various family role configurations. Specifically, the authors were interested in whether high levels of family financial obligation related to family‐related turnover reasons and whether low levels of family financial obligation related to job‐related turnover reasons.
Design/methodology/approach
The authors used both qualitative and quantitative methods to develop and test the turnover reasons; this involved conducting interviews and pilot testing the turnover items, which were evaluated with factor analysis. The main study was analyzed using MANOVA.
Findings
The authors developed six turnover reasons that help explain why individuals were leaving their jobs. It was also found that employees with relatively low financial obligation were more likely to leave the organization because of lack of managerial support, job content and high levels of work‐related stress.
Research limitations/implications
The measures in this study were cross‐sectional, participants were employees in the information technology/business process outsourcing (IT/BPO) sector, and the study included a single‐country. Future studies can focus on multiple industries and countries and use objective variables in determining key relationships.
Practical implications
The study's results show the major reasons for turnover, both at an individual and organizational level, which include managerial support, job content and work‐related stress; each was particularly significant for those married without children in a dual‐earner situation.
Originality/value
The paper contributes by examining, for the first time, the relationships between family demographic profiles and turnover reasons for Indian IT/BPO workers.
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THE object of this paper is to put forward a family of aerofoil profiles which is sufficiently comprehensive to meet all practical requirements and which has the merit that the…
Abstract
THE object of this paper is to put forward a family of aerofoil profiles which is sufficiently comprehensive to meet all practical requirements and which has the merit that the ordinates of the profiles can be very easily calculated. The profiles are not of the kind for which the irrotational flow patterns can be derived with special ease, but this is not considered to be a real disadvantage.
Jean‐Marie See and Elizabeth H. Kummerow
An important aim of this paper is to ascertain the extent to which students held realistic expectations about the work cultures they were soon to enter. The paper also aims to…
Abstract
Purpose
An important aim of this paper is to ascertain the extent to which students held realistic expectations about the work cultures they were soon to enter. The paper also aims to investigate the link between value congruence (in relation to both work and work‐family values) and “expected” job satisfaction and organisational commitment, in the case of the students, and “actual” job satisfaction and organisational commitment, in the case of the professionals.
Design/methodology/approach
A questionnaire was used to survey a sample of final year BCom students from the University of Adelaide (n=52) and accounting professionals from the same city (n=50).
Findings
Significant person‐culture fit discrepancies, in relation to both work and work‐family values, were observed for both groups. For accountants, these were negatively associated with job satisfaction and organisational commitment. Students also expected to enter organisational cultures that supported work values that were significantly more supportive of these values than were the actual organisational cultures described by the accountants. For work‐family values, students' expectations, surprisingly, fell significantly short of what the accountants' actual experience suggested they would be likely to encounter.
Originality/value
A life stage interpretation of the findings for work‐family values is offered and consideration is given to their implications for a broadening of traditional conceptualisations of reality shock.
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B. Devi Prasad and Shivangi Deshwal
Teaching about families in a classroom may seem rather simple and uncomplicated because families are thought to be familiar settings – a part of our day-to-day life experience…
Abstract
Teaching about families in a classroom may seem rather simple and uncomplicated because families are thought to be familiar settings – a part of our day-to-day life experience. Most often the task is not that simple. For this purpose, personal and familial biographies of students were used as part of family pedagogy for understanding the family structure and value orientations. Such an approach requires respect for students’ lived experiences as valid knowledge to use as a subjective and experiential journey to teach about families. There is a dearth of such pedagogical approaches to teach about the complexity and diversity of families in India. This chapter documents such an attempt to teach students, using three exercises, the concepts of family through experiential learning. The concepts include the myth of a normative family, nature of family change, and multigenerational extended kin relationships. The first author developed the teaching exercises and used them in the classroom. The data were collected across three consecutive MSW (Children and Families Concentration) batches of 2012–2016 from the Tata Institute of Social Sciences, Mumbai, India. A focus group interview method was used, and qualitative analysis was undertaken. The analysis of the data deconstructed the myth of the so-called normative family, helped to understand family change, and showed the presence of a range of multigenerational extended relations in families in the Indian context. The results of our study will be useful for researchers, practitioners, and teachers to employ experiential learning techniques in teaching about families in India through classroom interaction.
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Rocío Arteaga and Alejandro Escribá-Esteve
This research is aimed to better understand what characteristics of family firms create a context in which family governance systems are more frequently adopted.
Abstract
Purpose
This research is aimed to better understand what characteristics of family firms create a context in which family governance systems are more frequently adopted.
Design/methodology/approach
We analyse a sample of 490 Spanish family businesses using cluster analysis, and we identify four different types of family businesses whose characteristics are associated to the adoption of different family governance systems, i.e. family councils and family protocols. The comparison between clusters of the baseline parameters was performed using one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) for parametric variables, the χ2 test for parametric variables and Kruskal-Wallis for nonparametric variables. By conducting between-profile analysis of covariance (ANCOVA), we tested for differences in the dependent variables (i.e. the existence of family councils and/or existence of family protocols) between the clusters, using cluster membership as the independent variable.
Findings
Taking into account the characteristics of family firms in terms of ownership structure, management involvement, and family and organizational complexity, we identify four different contexts that create different communication needs and are related to the use of different family governance mechanisms. We characterize the different contexts or types of family firms as: founder-centric, protective, consensual and business-evolved. Our findings show that family protocols are associated to contexts with high family involvement in management and family complexity, while family councils are more frequent when there is a separation of managerial and ownership roles and there is a high organizational and family complexity.
Research limitations/implications
The study highlights the value of social systems theory in order to explain the association between the characteristics of different firm types and contexts, and the use of family councils and family protocols to govern the relationship between the owner family and the business.
Practical implications
Family governance mechanisms are widely recommended by practitioners and scholars. However, they are usually adopted only by a small percentage of family firms. This study helps to better understand what family governance systems may be more appropriate in different contexts and relativize the necessity of these governance mechanisms in function of the communication needs created within each context.
Social implications
The improvement of family governance mechanisms helps to increase the likelihood of survival and durability of family firms. These firms contribute to more than 60% of employment in most developed countries. Consequently, good governance in family firms has social implications in terms of labour conditions and stability.
Originality/value
Most family firms don't use family protocols or family councils to govern the relationship between the owner family and the firm. However, little is known about the reasons for this lack of structuration of the family-firm relationship. Using social systems theory, our research contributes to better understand the conditions in which business families are more prone to use structured forms to manage this relationship, as well as the reasons that may be constraining their adoption.
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This study aims to contribute to the field of management sciences, within the theory of social entrepreneurship, by highlighting the characteristics of the family enterprise…
Abstract
This study aims to contribute to the field of management sciences, within the theory of social entrepreneurship, by highlighting the characteristics of the family enterprise profile as a potential stakeholder with a social impact and which requires to be recognized as a social family enterprise. Because social enterprises tend to be disruptive, the family logic can be better understood, concerning their behaviors and decisions that seem illogical in traditional entrepreneurship, within social enterprises.
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Giorgia Maria D'Allura, Andrea Calabrò and Marco Santangelo
The aim of this paper is to theorize on and empirically extend the understanding of the adoption of codes of ethics within the context of family firms. The authors contend that in…
Abstract
Purpose
The aim of this paper is to theorize on and empirically extend the understanding of the adoption of codes of ethics within the context of family firms. The authors contend that in family firms the adoption of code of ethics is a process emerging from social interaction.
Design/methodology/approach
Through a multiple case study design the authors analyze family firms that have not yet adopted a code of ethics and untangle the process that could potentially lead to that choice.
Findings
The authors’ main finding suggests that the institutional context impacts on the adoption of codes of ethics. Furthermore, in first generation the adoption of codes of ethics is hindered by the presence of the founder and the existence of strong family ties. In subsequent generations as founder centrality is reduced the owning-family considers more the possibility to adopt such codes to preserve the family's reputation in the local community.
Research limitations/implications
First multiple views also from external stakeholders could be added; second, an international perspective using cross-country cases could add more nuances on how cultural and institutional aspects shape the adoption of codes of ethics differently across national contexts.
Practical implications
The authors’ findings inform family business owners on the importance of adopting code of ethics to support the formalization of the family value system.
Originality/value
The authors advance the debate on codes of ethics in family firms by disentangling the process through which those codes may be adopted to institutionalize and formalize the family values, history and tradition.
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In this paper family entrepreneurship and its banking support in Kuwait is discussed, as one of the wealthiest countries in the world. In the beginning is provided an overview of…
Abstract
Purpose
In this paper family entrepreneurship and its banking support in Kuwait is discussed, as one of the wealthiest countries in the world. In the beginning is provided an overview of the Kuwaiti context of entrepreneurship and small- and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs), followed by discussion of family businesses' profile and benefits to the economy and society. The paper discusses the banking sector in Kuwait and its contribution to the development of family entrepreneurship and the small business sector in Kuwait.
Design/methodology/approach
For purposes of this study a multiple case study approach and a snowballing sample was used.
Findings
Even that, Kuwait is considered as an Islamic country, from the answers and comments that were received from our research, we concluded that most of the family businesses cooperate with conventional banks, instead of Islamic banks.
Practical implications
Several supporting products are described and analysed in this paper, which can help family business and SMEs' owners where to address when a support is needed. Also are provided information on similarities and differences between Islamic and conventional banking.
Originality/value
This paper is one of the first papers that discusses family businesses and entrepreneurship in Kuwait and the support they receive from Islamic and conventional banks. It provides original quotes from family business owners regarding this topic.
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Carmen Nebot and Javier Morales Mediano
The principal objective of this study is to identify and recommend auspicious research directions within the field of family business research, with a specific focus on the wealth…
Abstract
Purpose
The principal objective of this study is to identify and recommend auspicious research directions within the field of family business research, with a specific focus on the wealth creator. In conjunction with these research trajectories, the paper also aims to elucidate the potential implications of cultivating these lines of inquiry on the existing family business literature.
Design/methodology/approach
This perspective paper adopts a comprehensive approach to examine the multifaceted role of the wealth creator in the context of family businesses. It reviews the last decades of research that resulted in the identification of this role within family business and proposes future research avenues to further address their characterization and importance.
Findings
Investigating the wealth creator's attributes can provide insights into their role, the importance of timely identification and its preparatory elements. Furthermore, this exploration can shed light on the dynamics of inter-family relationships within family businesses and enrich the literature on power transition and continuity in family enterprises. Additionally, the maturation of the wealth creator concept may significantly impact the management of wealth portfolios, facilitating smoother wealth transfer, strategic portfolio management and the preservation of multi-generational wealth.
Originality/value
This research offers a diverse understanding of the role of the wealth creator in family businesses. The findings also enhance the comprehension of family business dynamics, enriching the literature on succession. Lastly, the offered research avenues contribute to addressing the challenges of sustaining family wealth and ensuring the continuity of family businesses across generations.
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