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To map nurses’ actions performed during the care transitions from hospital to home of Covid-19 patients.

A scoping review based on the Joanna Briggs Institute guidelines was carried out. We searched in seven databases: PubMed/MEDLINE, BDENF, LILACS, SciELO, Embase, Scopus, Web of Science and Google Scholar. A two-step screening process and data extraction was performed independently by two reviewers. The findings were summarized and analyzed using a content analysis technique.

Of the total 5,618 studies screened, 21 were included. The analysis revealed nurses’ actions before and after patient’ discharge, sometimes planned and developed with the interprofessional team. The nurses’ actions included to plan and support patients’ discharge, to adapt the care plan, to use screening tools and monitor patients’ clinical status and needs, to provide health orientation to patients and caregivers, home care and face-to-face visiting, to communicate with patients, caregivers and other health professionals with phone calls and virtual tools, to provide rehabilitation procedures, to make referrals and to orient patients and families to navigate in the health system.

The results provide a broader understanding of the actions taken and challenges faced by nurses to ensure a safe care transition for Covid-19 patients from hospital to home. The interprofessional integration to discharge planning and the clinical nursing leadership in post-discharge monitoring were highlighted.

The nurses’ actions for Covid-19 patients performed during care transitions focused on coordination and discharge planning tailored to the needs of patients and caregivers at the home setting. Nurses monitored patients, with an emphasis on providing guidance and checking clinical status using telehealth tools.

The purpose of this paper is to investigate the surface integrity features, including surface roughness (SR), recast layer (RL), material migration, topography and wire wear pattern in rough and trim-cut wire electric discharge machine (WEDM) of hybrid composite (Al6061-90%/SiC-2.5%/TiB₂-7.5%).

Effects of four important factors, namely, rough-cut history (RCH), pulse on time (T_on), peak current (IP) and wire offset (WO) have been assessed on the responses of interest for trim-cut WEDM. Box–Behnken design (RSM) was used to formulate the experimentation plan. Quantitative indices of surface integrity, namely, SR and RL, and selected samples have been investigated for qualitative analysis, namely, surface topography, material migration and wire wear pattern.

T_on and IP are found to be most significant, whereas RCH and WO are found insignificant for SR. T_on and WO were found to be the most significant factors affecting RL. After trim cut, an RL of thickness 8.26 µm is observed if the initial rough cut has been accomplished at high discharge energy setting. Whereas the best value of RL thickness, i.e. 5.36 µm, can be realized with low level of RCH. A significant decrease in the presence of foreign materials is recorded, indicating its strong correlation with the discharge energy used during machining.

Investigation on surface integrity features for machining of hybrid composite through rough and trim-cut WEDM has been reported by only a limited number of researchers in the past. This study is attempted at fulfilling few vital gaps by addressing the issues such as evaluation of the efficacy of trim cutting under different discharge energy conditions (using RCH), analysis of wire wear pattern in both rough and trim-cut modes and investigation of the wire breakage phenomenon during machining.

Utilizing electrical discharge machining (EDM) to process micro-holes in superalloys may lead to the formation of remelting layers and micro-cracks on the machined surface. This work proposes a method of composite processing of EDM and ultrasonic vibration drilling for machining precision micro-holes in complex positions of superalloys.

A six-axis computer numerical control (CNC) machine tool was developed, whose software control system adopted a real-time control architecture that integrates electrical discharge and ultrasonic vibration drilling. Among them, the CNC system software was developed based on Windows + RTX architecture, which could process the real-time processing state received by the hardware terminal and adjust the processing state. Based on the SoC (System on Chip) technology, an architecture for a pulse generator was developed. The circuit of the pulse generator was designed and implemented. Additionally, a composite mechanical system was engineered for both drilling and EDM. Two sets of control boards were designed for the hardware terminal. One set was the EDM discharge control board, which detected the discharge state and provided the pulse waveform for turning on the transistor. The other was a relay control card based on STM32, which could meet the switch between EDM and ultrasonic vibration, and used the Modbus protocol to communicate with the machining control software.

The mechanical structure of the designed composite machine tool can effectively avoid interference between the EDM spindle and the drilling spindle. The removal rate of the remelting layer on 1.5 mm single crystal superalloys after composite processing can reach over 90%. The average processing time per millimeter was 55 s, and the measured inner surface roughness of the hole was less than 1.6 µm, which realized the  micro-hole machining without remelting layer, heat affected zone and micro-cracks in the single crystal superalloy.

The test results proved that the key techniques developed in this paper were suite for micro-hole machining of special materials.

Gas-insulated switchgear (GIS) stands as a pivotal component in power systems, susceptible to partial discharge occurrences. Nevertheless, manual inspection proves labor-intensive, exhibits a low defect detection rate. Conventional inspection robots face limitations, unable to perform live line measurements or adapt effectively to diverse environmental conditions. This paper aims to introduce a novel solution: the GIS ultrasonic partial discharge detection robot (GBOT), designed to assume the role of substation personnel in inspection tasks.

GBOT is a mobile manipulator system divided into three subsystems: autonomous location and navigation, vision-guided and force-controlled manipulator and data detection and analysis. These subsystems collaborate, incorporating simultaneous localization and mapping, path planning, target recognition and signal processing, admittance control. This paper also introduces a path planning method designed to adapt to the substation environment. In addition, a flexible end effector is designed for full contact between the probe and the device.

The robot fulfills the requirements for substation GIS inspections. It can conduct efficient and low-cost path planning with narrow passages in the constructed substation map, realizes a sufficiently stable detection contact and perform high defect detection rate.

The robot mitigates the labor intensity of grid maintenance personnel, enhances inspection efficiency and safety and advances the intelligence and digitization of power equipment maintenance and monitoring. This research also provides valuable insights for the broader application of mobile manipulators in diverse fields.

The robot is a mobile manipulator system used in GIS detection, offering a viable alternative to grid personnel for equipment inspections. Comparing with the previous robotic systems, this system can work in live electrical detection, demonstrating robust environmental adaptability and superior efficiency.

Ageing is associated with multi-morbidity, polypharmacy and medication-related harm (MRH). There is limited published literature on MRH in older Egyptian adults. This study aims to determine the incidence and risk factors associated with MRH in an Egyptian cohort of older patients in the 8-weeks period after hospital discharge.

This study recruited 400 Egyptian patients, aged = ≥ 60 years from 3 hospitals in Cairo and followed them up 8 weeks after discharge using a semi-structured telephone interview to verify MRH events (type, probability, severity and preventability) and related factors.

The participants’ ages ranged from 60 to 95 years with 53% females. In the final cohort of 325 patients analyzed, MRH occurred in 99 patients (incidence of 30.5%), of which 26 MRH cases (26.2%) were probable, serious and preventable. MRH included adverse drug reactions (ADRs), non-adherence and medication errors. Multivariate regression analysis showed that non-adherence and inappropriate prescription had highly significant association with MRH (P < 0.001), history of previous ADR, living alone and presence of paid caregiver had significant association (P 0.008, 0.012, 0.02 respectively), while age, medications number, length of stay (LOS) and cognitive impairment were not significantly associated with MRH.

These findings demonstrate the magnitude of MRH in Egypt affecting almost a third of older adults after leaving the hospital. These original data could guide decision-makers to enhance older patients’ medication safety through education, quality improvement and policy.

MRH in Egyptian older adults post-hospital discharge has not been adequately reported in scientific literature.

To analyze the quality of transitional care for patients with COVID-19 at discharge from Brazilian university hospitals.

A cross-sectional descriptive study was carried out in five Brazilian university hospitals between April and December 2021. The sample consisted of 527 participants. Data collection consisted of a sociodemographic questionnaire and the Care Transitions Measure (CTM-15), a care transition assessment instrument, which was translated and validated in Portuguese.

Most participants were patients (n = 369; 70.0%), with primary school completion (n = 218; 43.4%), multiracial (n = 218; 43.5%) and with an income of up to two minimum wages (n = 182; 42.8%). Dimension 1 – management preparation – obtained the highest score (71.2 points, SD = 16.5), while Dimension 4 – care plan – obtained the lowest score (62.2 points, SD = 23.4). Among the participating hospitals, there was a difference in the overall mean with results ranging from 67.0 to 72.9 points.

A satisfactory quality of care transition was found, considering the context of a pandemic. The main weaknesses in the care transitions were related to the care planning after hospital discharge.

The Japanese government plans to release ALPS treated water from the Fukushima nuclear power plant starting in the summer of 2023. This has appeared to be a controversial topic in Japan and amongst its neighbors in the regions. This paper focuses on the attitudes of Japanese people towards the government policy, placing it within the context of wider issues.

An online survey of 2,000 participants completed an online survey comprising of Likert type and multi-choice type questions. The results were analyzed using logit regression analysis.

We found that issues other than the ALPS discharge were seen as equally important, but that there was concern about the policy, the impact the discharge would have, and about produce from the area. We also found that the farther away the participants lived, the less concern they showed. Consultations with both local communities and neighboring countries were seen as important by many participants.

This research places the issue of ALPS treated water into a wider context of other global issues and examines the role distance from Fukushima plays in the public’s engagement with the issue. It serves to highlight the mixed results of government efforts to win support for its ALPS discharge policy.

Aqueous zinc-ion battery has broad application prospects in smart grid energy storage, power tools and other fields. Co₃O₄ is one of the ideal cathode materials for water zinc-ion batteries due to their high theoretical capacity, simple synthesis, low cost and environmental friendliness. Many studies were concentrated on the synthesis, design and doping of cathodes, but the effect of process parameters on morphology and performance was rarely reported.

Herein, Co₃O₄ cathode material based on carbon cloth (Co₃O₄/CC) was prepared by different temperatures hydrothermal synthesis method. The temperatures of hydrothermal reaction are 100°C, 120°C, 130°C and 140°C, respectively. The influence of temperatures on the microstructures of the cathodes and electrochemical performance of zinc ion batteries were investigated by X-ray diffraction analysis, scanning electron microscopy, cyclic voltammetry curve, electrochemical charging and discharging behavior and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy test.

The results show that the Co₃O₄/CC material synthesized at 120°C has good performance. Co₃O₄/CC nanowire has a uniform distribution, regular surface and small size on carbon cloth. The zinc-ion battery has excellent rate performance and low reaction resistance. In the voltage range of 0.01–2.2 V, when the current density is 1 A/g, the specific capacity of the battery is 108.2 mAh/g for the first discharge and the specific capacity of the battery is 142.6 mAh/g after 60 charge and discharge cycles.

The study aims to investigate the effect of process parameters on the performance of zinc-ion batteries systematically and optimized applicable reaction temperature.

This study aims to understand the current production scenario emphasizing the significance of green manufacturing in achieving economic and environmental sustainability goals to fulfil future needs; to determine the viability of particular strategies and actions performed to increase the process efficiency of electrical discharge machining; and to uphold the values of sustainability in the nonconventional manufacturing sector and to identify future works in this regard.

A thorough analysis of numerous experimental studies and findings is conducted. This prominent nontraditional machining process’s potential machinability and sustainability challenges are discussed, along with the current research to alleviate them. The focus is placed on modifications to the dielectric fluid, choosing affordable substitutes and treating consumable tool electrodes.

Trans-esterified vegetable oils, which are biodegradable and can be used as a substitute for conventional dielectric fluids, provide pollution-free machining with enhanced surface finish and material removal rates. Modifying the dielectric fluid with specific nanomaterials could increase the machining rate and demonstrate a decrease in machining flaws such as micropores, globules and microcracks. Tool electrodes subjected to cryogenic treatment have shown reduced tool metal consumption and downtime for the setup.

The findings suggested eco-friendly machining techniques and optimized control settings that reduce energy consumption, lowering operating expenses and carbon footprints. Using eco-friendly dielectrics, including vegetable oils or biodegradable dielectric fluids, might lessen the adverse effects of the electrical discharge machine operations on the environment. Adopting sustainable practices might enhance a business’s reputation with the public, shareholders and clients because sustainability is becoming increasingly significant across various industries.

A detailed general review of green nontraditional electrical discharge machining process is provided, from high-quality indexed journals. The findings and results contemplated in this review paper can lead the research community to collectively apply it in sustainable techniques to enhance machinability and reduce environmental effects.

Due to the abundant use of granular materials in chemical industries, it is inevitable to store raw materials and products in bulk in silos. For this reason, much research has been carried out in the field of construction, operation and maintenance of silos. One of the important issues that must be investigated in silos is the behavior of their structure when the materials inside them are unloaded. Structural vibrations and the creation of normal noise usually discharge the granular of material from the silo. Both of phenomena are undesirable due to the problems they can cause to the structure and its surroundings. According to the said issues, this paper aims to investigate the vibration problem of the sulfur storage silo of the first refinery during discharge with the help of measuring experimental vibration data and simulating the silo model.

In the experimental investigation, the main cause of the vibration of the 400-ton silo in the refinery is used. The mass asymmetry phenomenon when the silo is filled is also considered. The experimental results are authenticated by software analysis too.

The results showed that the natural frequency of the ninth mode is almost equal to the natural frequency of sulfur discharge from the silos and has the largest shape change in the structure and vibration range. It is also concluded that the larger sulfur silo (400 tons) should be prioritized over the smaller sulfur silo (200 tons) in the emptying program, and the 400 tons silo should never be emptied even through the 200 tons silo is empty.

An attempt is made to investigate the issue of vibration in sulfur storage silos in the first refinery of South Pars in the form of experimental investigation and modal analysis.