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With the progress of the education system, many technological inventions have been found to develop the learning and teaching process. Several factors contributed to the advancement of education, from computer-based materials to web-based programs and technical tools. All these have revolutionized the whole education system and changed it from a monotonous and traditional teacher-centered approach to a motivating and interactive learner-based approach. Recently, digital technology has been implemented in many educational processes to increase teacher–learner interaction. The main feature characterizing digital learning is the active engagement that transforms learners from passive attendants to active participants in the learning process. From this perspective, teachers and learners are considered educational technologists. The purpose of this chapter is to shift the role of creativity and critical thinking from teachers to learners and show how the latter could create authentic writing by employing technology that is used and needed in the workplace. In doing so, learners become ready for their career life, and they learn to be more creative and collaborative individuals.

The development of innovative learning environments at the new Viscontini primary school started with the research and development of a sense of belonging to the new building. Initially, it was indeed difficult to get used to the new, spacious learning spaces, reformulating a different teaching approach than the classic traditional method based on frontal classroom teaching. Teachers and students were therefore able to identify and deepen, thanks to the support of the National Institute for Documentation, Innovation and Educational Research (INDIRE) Institute and the University of Milan Bicocca, the fundamental relationship between all learning environments (indoor and outdoor) and a teaching approach closely linked to the diversified use of the building's spaces. All the learning environments (entrance hall, atriums, corridors, laboratories, garden, playground, etc.), which were initially bare and aseptic, were given attention, analysed, developed, filled and finally fitted out and decorated, fostering a sense of physical and mental appropriation of the new school.

As a person, the author is a sum of her experiences. Whether those experiences are good, bad, or indifferent. The author has learned who she is, how to handle situations and the value of always being honest with others and herself. The sum of these experiences has helped her to be a professional person and to navigate the higher education environment. The author is proud of her contributions to students, as an advocate, to teacher education with the students she encountered, and financially by making contributions to the Foundation. The author truly enjoyed her experiences in higher education and is thankful for the opportunity to pursue a doctorate. As a first-generation college student hailing from a town with a population of 5,900 (1972), the author had monumental experiences. She was able to accomplish her desire to travel, be an author, and work at an HBCU before retiring. It is her hope that what is read from her writing will be enlightening for the life of anyone who reads it.

This chapter is about primary and secondary school teachers of history in England, and how they negotiate policy in order to teach sensitive and controversial issues which feature as part of the history curriculum. We present research conducted in two phases that used a bounded case study (Stake, 1995) as a methodological approach. In Phase One, two focus group interviews were undertaken; in Phase Two, six unstructured individual interviews were conducted. Participants were teachers of history in England from Key Stage 1–5 (children aged 4–18 years).

Thematic analysis was used to analyse the data which were informed by reflections on positionality and being a socially conscious researcher (Pillow, 2010). Three key policies were explored as part of this research: the National Curriculum (DfE, 2013), the Teachers' Standards (DfE, 2012) and the Prevent Duty (DfE, 2015). Research findings demonstrate how the context of the school is fundamental in how teachers enact policy in relation to their practice, particularly in light of political changes in society. Self-surveillance was identified as a key strategy, adopted in the teaching of sensitive and controversial issues. We frame this context around Kitson and McCully's (2005) theoretical continuum which indicates that there is a reluctance by some teachers to engage with the teaching of sensitive and controversial issues due to concerns with policy enactment.

The findings of this research illustrate that policy impacts on teachers in numerous ways. Policy was demonstrated to be ambiguous for teachers, and recommendations are made relating to policy and the need for clearer guidance for teachers to support them with their practice.

Four reputed leaders for the coming years in the field of special education for individuals with emotional and behavioral disorders (EBD) each with a slightly different perspective on the field were asked to respond independently to a prompt asking what does special education mean for students with EBD and what is being done and how do we maintain tradition? The contributors' responses to the prompt are presented and then summarized across the essays. A remarkable consistency emerges across the independent essays. In addition to the tradition of providing a free and appropriate education in the least restrictive environment, the contributors identify needs to support teachers serving this population. Needs in teacher training and the expertise required to meet the needs of individuals with EBD are outlined as well as potential contributions of technology to carry out specific tasks. We conclude with a call for increased advocacy for use of the knowledge that we currently possess and that which will soon be discovered to support students with EBD as well as their teachers. We also note that the contributors' names are listed alphabetically to acknowledge the equality of each person to the final product.

Rural indigenous schools in Malaysia can be far from equipped with facilities and conducive learning environments, especially in schools serving a large and diverse community. SK RPS (Rancangan Penempatan Semula/Resettlement Programme) Banun is an all-indigenous school located in the interiors of Gerik, Perak in Malaysia. Being the only school in the vicinity of an Orang Asli settlement comprising 18 villages of the Je hai and Temiar tribes, this public school is said to be a one stop hub for the community. Despite the school's existence, there are several challenges which hinders children of the Orang Asli community to attain a quality education or in some cases to even go to school. This paper is written based on the lived experiences of three teachers from mid-2022 to mid-2023 and amplifies the day-to-day challenges of the school and its community. The paper also discusses the initiatives implemented to tackle some of the challenges, highlighting key successes and suggestions to improve some areas particularly in enhancing and reimagining pedagogical approaches as well as learning environments in Orang Asli schools in Malaysia.

In this chapter, we examine the negative impact of excessive teacher entitlement on school life. We argue that teacher entitlement goes beyond individual traits, intricately linked to sociocultural processes and power dynamics within and outside educational institutions. The focus is on theoretical foundations to understand pedagogical practices in science education, highlighting two key components contributing to excessive teacher entitlement. First, we discuss the relationship between teachers and scientific knowledge, emphasising that a narrow view of science may create a strong hierarchical dynamic in classrooms, with teachers positioned as knowledgeable authorities and neglecting students' needs. Second, the organisation of interaction between teachers and students is explored, emphasising how teachers perceive and wield authority. We recognise the limitations of common critiques of authority in science education, as they may lead to excessive indulgence or indifference. We propose a teaching framework based on cultural-historical activity theory to address or prevent excessive teacher entitlement in science classrooms. While acknowledging the phenomenon's complexity, the framework is presented as a pedagogical reorientation addressing identified underpinnings. The study concludes by suggesting that the proposed framework, grounded in science education experiences, could serve as a foundation for understanding and addressing excessive teacher entitlement across various academic fields. We suggest that the authoritative teacher style aims to balance extremes, providing an alternative to authoritarianism while avoiding carelessness. Additionally, the scientific-cultural inquiry promotes a pluralist approach to knowledge, challenging the notion of absolute truth in science education.