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A unified framework for solving the bending, buckling and vibration problems of rectangular thin plates (RTPs) with four free edges (FFFF), including isotropic RTPs, orthotropic rectangular thin plates (ORTPs) and nano-rectangular plates, is established by using the symplectic superposition method (SSM).

The original fourth-order partial differential equation is first rewritten into Hamiltonian system. The class of boundary value problems of the original equation is decomposed into three subproblems, and each subproblem is given the corresponding symplectic eigenvalues and symplectic eigenvectors by using the separation variable method in Hamiltonian system. The symplectic orthogonality and completeness of symplectic eigen-vectors are proved. Then, the symplectic eigenvector expansion method is applied to solve the each subproblem. Then, the symplectic superposition solution of the boundary value problem of the original fourth-order partial differential equation is given through superposing analytical solutions of three foundation plates.

The bending, vibration and buckling problems of the rectangular nano-plate/isotropic rectangular thin plate/orthotropic rectangular thin plate with FFFF can be solved by the unified symplectic superposition solution respectively.

The symplectic superposition solution obtained is a reference solution to verify the feasibility of other methods. At the same time, it can be used for parameter analysis to deeply understand the mechanical behavior of related RTPs. The advantages of this method are as follows: (1) It provides a systematic framework for solving the boundary value problem of a class of fourth-order partial differential equations. It is expected to solve more complicated boundary value problems of partial differential equations. (2) SSM uses series expansion of symplectic eigenvectors to accurately describe the solution. Moreover, symplectic eigenvectors are orthogonal and directly reflect the orthogonal relationship of vibration modes. (3) The SSM can be carried to bending, buckling and free vibration problems of the same plate with other boundary conditions.

The purpose of this study is to propose a precise and standardized strategy for numerically simulating vehicle aerodynamics.

Error sources in computational fluid dynamics were analyzed. Additionally, controllable experiential and discretization errors, which significantly influence the calculated results, are expounded upon. Considering the airflow mechanism around a vehicle, the computational efficiency and accuracy of each solution strategy were compared and analyzed through numerous computational cases. Finally, the most suitable numerical strategy, including the turbulence model, simplified vehicle model, calculation domain, boundary conditions, grids and discretization scheme, was identified. Two simplified vehicle models were introduced, and relevant wind tunnel tests were performed to validate the selected strategy.

Errors in vehicle computational aerodynamics mainly stem from the unreasonable simplification of the vehicle model, calculation domain, definite solution conditions, grid strategy and discretization schemes. Using the proposed standardized numerical strategy, the simulated steady and transient aerodynamic characteristics agreed well with the experimental results.

Building upon the modified Low-Reynolds Number k-e model and Scale Adaptive Simulation model, to the best of the authors’ knowledge, a precise and standardized numerical simulation strategy for vehicle aerodynamics is proposed for the first time, which can be integrated into vehicle research and design.

The purpose of this paper is to investigate the optimal average drag coefficient of the Ahmed body for mixed platoon driving under crosswind and no crosswind conditions using the response surface optimization method. This study has extraordinary implications for the planning of future intelligent transportation.

First, the single vehicle and vehicle platoon models are validated. Second, the configuration with the lowest average drag coefficient under the two conditions is obtained by response surface optimization. At the same time, the aerodynamic characteristics of the mixed platoon driving under different conditions are also analyzed.

The configuration with the lowest average drag coefficient under no crosswind conditions is 0.3 L for longitudinal spacing and 0.8 W for lateral spacing, with an average drag coefficient of 0.1931. The configuration with the lowest average drag coefficient under crosswind conditions is 10° for yaw angle, 0.25 L for longitudinal spacing, and 0.8 W for lateral spacing, with an average drag coefficient of 0.2251. Compared to the single vehicle, the average drag coefficients for the two conditions are reduced by 25.1% and 41.3%, respectively.

This paper investigates the lowest average drag coefficient for mixed platoon driving under no crosswind and crosswind conditions using a response surface optimization method. The computational fluid dynamics (CFD) results of single vehicle and vehicle platoon are compared and verified with the experimental results to ensure the reliability of this study. The research results provide theoretical reference and guidance for the planning of intelligent transportation.

The rise of the metaverse has brought profound changes to the economic and social operation models and injected new vitality into academic research. Although a large number of studies have emerged, there are few quantitative analyses of development frontiers and trends.

From a bibliometric perspective, this paper selects 183 pieces of metaverse-related literature in the WoS core database since 2000 as the object of analysis. This paper sums up the characteristics of the literature using the methods of descriptive statistical analysis, keywords analysis, thematic evolution analysis and summarizes the core themes and the laws of metaverse development in each stage.

The digital economy vision brought by the metaverse has led to an increasing number of researchers and achievements in this field. But the depth and breadth of research are still insufficient and unevenly distributed in the region, and the cross-fertilization fields need to be expanded. From the industry's point of view, VR games represented by Second Life and My World have contributed to the popularity of the metaverse. As technology progresses, the research hotspots in the field of metaverse gradually develop from conceptual research to artificial intelligence, blockchain, NFT and other technical applications. However, academic research has not yet caught up with the industry's pace and stays more in the concept discussion and preliminary application stage.

A systematic overview of the current status, knowledge structure and hot issues of metaverse research is shown, which provides a thematic axis for this field, enriches and improves the quantitative analysis of its literature and provides a clear picture for researchers to continuously promote the development of this field. At the same time, it is necessary to warn that technological development is a double-edged sword. The process of metaverse development should return to rationality, respect the laws of its development and guarantee the healthy development of the metaverse by strengthening legal regulation and the ethical review of science and technology.

Counterproductive work behavior (CWB) has grown into a significant problem in the tourism industry, for both individual employees and organizations. Employees who feel ostracized in their workplace often engage in negative and disruptive behaviors. The purpose of this study is to explore the psychological mechanism between workplace ostracism and CWB among tourism employees.

Drawing on psychological contract theory and social cognitive theory, the study proposed a research framework to explain tourism employees’ counterproductive behavior. Data were collected from 228 hotel employees at two time points in Huangshan, China. Hierarchical regression and SPSS-PROCESS Macro were used to test all the hypotheses.

Findings show that workplace ostracism significantly increases employee CWB, mediated by psychological contract violation. Workplace ostracism increases perceptions of psychological contract violation when employee self-esteem is higher. The mediating effect of psychological contract violation is also moderated by self-esteem.

Using the framework of psychological contract theory and social cognitive theory, the authors advance the organizational behavior literature in the tourism field. The authors contextualize the uniqueness of Chinese workplace behavior and highlight the need to understand “losing face (mianzi) view” in workplace relationships. This research contributes to better understanding the dark side of tourism workplace behavior by examining the effects of psychological contract violation and employee’s self-esteem on workplace ostracism and CWB.

旅游业中的反生产行为（CWB）已经成为一个重要问题, 反生产行为对员工和组织都会产生影响。在工作场所感到被排斥的员工往往会从事消极和破坏性的行为。本文的目的是研究旅游业员工工作场所排斥与反生产行为之间的心理机制。

基于心理契约理论和社会认知理论, 本研究提出了一个研究框架来解释旅游业员工的反生产行为发生机制。我们在中国黄山景区对228名酒店员工进行了两个时间点的问卷调查。采用分层回归和SPSS PROCESS Macro来测试所有假设。

结果表明 工作场所排斥显著增加员工反生产行为, 心理契约违背在其中起着中介作用。当员工自尊心较高时, 职场排斥对心理契约违反的感知影响更强。心理契约违背的中介效应也受到自尊心的调节。

我们运用心理契约理论和社会认知理论的框架, 推动了旅游领域的组织行为研究进展。我们讨论了中国情境下职场行为的独特性, 并强调在职场关系中需要考虑“面子观”。我们通过展示心理契约违背和员工自尊心对工作场所排斥和反生产行为（CWB）的影响, 有助于更好地理解旅游工作场所行为的负面影响。

El comportamiento laboral contraproducente (CLC) en la industria turística se ha convertido en un problema significativo tanto para los empleados individuales como para las organizaciones. Los empleados que se sienten marginados en su lugar de trabajo suelen participar en comportamientos negativos y disruptivos. El objetivo de este trabajo es examinar los efectos de la violación del contrato psicológico y la autoestima del empleado en el ostracismo en el lugar de trabajo y en el comportamiento laboral contraproducente CLC y agregar nuevos conocimientos para comprender mejor el lado oscuro del comportamiento laboral turístico.

Realizamos una encuesta de cuestionario a 228 empleados de hotel en dos momentos en Huangshan, China. Se utilizaron la regresión jerárquica y el SPSS PROCESS Macro para probar todas las hipótesis.

Los resultados muestran que 1) el ostracismo en el lugar de trabajo aumenta significativamente la CLC de los empleados. 2) La violación psicológica del contrato juega un papel mediador entre el ostracismo en el lugar de trabajo y CLC. 3) El ostracismo en el lugar de trabajo aumenta las percepciones de violación psicológica del contrato cuando la autoestima de los empleados es mayor. 4) El efecto mediador de la violación psicológica del contrato también es moderado por la autoestima.

Utilizando el marco de la teoría del contrato psicológico y la teoría cognitiva social, avanzamos en la literatura del comportamiento organizacional en el campo del turismo. Contextualizamos la singularidad del comportamiento en el lugar de trabajo chino y destacamos la necesidad de comprender la 'pérdida de la visión de la cara (mianzi)' en las relaciones laborales. Esta investigación contribuye con nuevos conocimientos para comprender mejor el lado oscuro del comportamiento turístico en el lugar de trabajo al examinar los efectos de la violación psicológica del contrato y la autoestima de los empleados en el ostracismo en el lugar de trabajo.

This paper aims to investigate the effects of school quality (SQ) on residential property prices in Johannesburg, South Africa. Previous studies have empirically examined the quality of private and public schools without a standard proxy that is accepted in the literature. As a result, this paper extends the literature to the global south by the effect that SQ has on residential property price changes in the local markets of the City of Johannesburg.

The research adopts the hedonic pricing model to evaluate and quantify the impact that the structural attributes such as erf size; number of bedrooms and bathrooms; and SQ measured by pass rates, sport rankings and quality of facilities have on house prices. A total of 2,763 property transactions covering the Kensington and Observatory areas of the City of Johannesburg over the period 2010 and 2020 were obtained from the deeds registry and used for the empirical analysis.

The study finds that SQ has a positive impact on house prices. When the average pass rate of the model school increases by 1%, all other things being equal, house prices also increase by 1.8%. This suggests that people who live closer to the model school are willing to pay more when the school performance improves. The 1.8% premium this study attributes to a 1% increase in school performance is however generally low when compared to some findings in the literature suggesting that there may be some other important factors that households consider when purchasing their home.

The main contribution is uncovering the relationship between the SQ and residential property prices in the local markets, using Kensington and Observatory in Johannesburg as sampled areas. Due to the presence of reliable and quality of data sets, such studies are not many in the global south and a study of this nature in South Africa is notably not existing in the literature.

The increasing popularity of live-streaming commerce has provided a new opportunity for e-retailers to boost sales. This study integrated signaling theory and social exchange theory to investigate how streamer- and product-centered signals influence customers’ likelihood of making an impulsive purchase in the live-streaming commerce context.

An online survey was designed and distributed to the target respondents in China using purposive sampling. A total of 735 valid responses were analyzed with partial least square structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM).

Both streamer-centered signals, i.e. streamer credibility and streamer interaction quality, were discovered to significantly influence product-centered signal, i.e. product information quality. Additionally, streamer interaction quality was found to have a significant impact on streamer credibility. Furthermore, it was observed that customer engagement played a significant mediating role in the relationship between product information quality and impulsive buying tendency. Moreover, the paths between product information quality and customer engagement, as well as the connection between engagement and impulsive buying tendency, were found to be moderated by guanxi orientation.

Despite the prevalence of impulsive purchases in live-streaming commerce, few studies have empirically investigated the impact of streamer and product signals on influencing customers’ impulsive purchase decisions. Consequently, to the best of our knowledge, this study distinguishes itself by offering empirical insights into how streamers use reciprocating relationship mechanisms to communicate signals that facilitate impulsive purchase decisions.

This paper aims to explore the impact of live streamer authenticity (LSA) on purchase intention in tourism e-commerce live streaming, with a focus on boundary conditions and underlying mechanisms.

The data collected from 451 participants were analyzed using structural equation modeling.

This paper found that four dimensions of LSA – sincerity, truthfulness endorsement, expertise and uniqueness – positively influenced purchase intention, while visibility did not. In addition, sincerity, truthfulness endorsement and uniqueness had an indirect influence on purchase intention through flow experience, while sincerity, truthfulness endorsement, expertise and uniqueness had an indirect effect through perceived trust. Furthermore, self-construal moderated the effect of sincerity and truthfulness endorsement on purchase intention, with the positive effect being stronger for the dependent self-construal.

To the best of the authors’ knowledge, it is the first study to examine LSA dimensions and their consequences. This paper not only provides a better and more detailed understanding of the complexity of LSA but also contributes to the development of authenticity theory by responding to individual authenticity studies.

本文旨在研究旅游直播电商中主播真实性对旅游购买意向的影响, 及其内在机制和边界条件。

本文采用问卷调查的方法收集451名参与者的数据。然后用结构方程模型（SEM）对收集的数据进行分析。

本文发现, 主播真实性的四个维度–真诚性、真实背书、专业性和独特性–对购买意愿有积极影响, 而主播的透明性没有影响。此外, 真诚性、真实背书和独特性通过心流体验对购买意愿产生间接影响, 此外真诚性、真实背书、专业性和独特性还通过感知信任产生间接影响。此外, 自我建构调节了真诚性和真实背书对购买意向的影响。对于依赖型自我建构, 真诚性和真实背书对购买意愿的影响更强。

本文是最早探讨主播真实性维度及其后果影响的研究之一。本文不仅对主播真实性的复杂性有了更好更详细的了解, 而且响应了对个体真实性研究的呼吁, 为真实性理论的发展做出了贡献。

Este artículo explora el impacto de la autenticidad del streamer en la intención de compra en la retransmisión en directo de comercio electrónico turístico, centrándose en las limitaciones y los procesos subyacentes.

Se analizaron los datos recopilados de 451 participantes utilizando un modelo de ecuaciones estructurales (SEM).

Este trabajo halló que cuatro dimensiones de la autenticidad de los streamers en directo -la sinceridad, el respaldo a la veracidad, la pericia y la singularidad- influían positivamente en la intención de compra, mientras que la visibilidad no lo hacía. Además, la sinceridad, el respaldo de veracidad y la singularidad influyeron indirectamente en la intención de compra a través de la experiencia de flujo, mientras que la sinceridad, el respaldo de veracidad, la pericia y la singularidad tuvieron un efecto indirecto a través de la confianza percibida. Además, la autoconstrucción moderó el efecto de la sinceridad y el respaldo de veracidad sobre la intención de compra, siendo el efecto positivo más fuerte para la autoconstrucción dependiente.

Es el primer estudio que examina las dimensiones de la autenticidad de los retransmisores en directo y sus consecuencias. Este trabajo no sólo proporciona una comprensión mejor y más detallada de la complejidad de la autenticidad de los streamers en directo, sino que también contribuye al desarrollo de la teoría de la autenticidad al responder a los estudios sobre autenticidad individual.

With the popularity of paid apps and increasing concerns about privacy hazards, this paper aims to investigate the impact of mobile services’ fee-charging models on consumers’ privacy concerns, and generate insights for app developers’ fee-charging strategies.

Three experimental studies including 550 participants were conducted. All studies were between-subjects designs and based on the context of financial mobile services. The implementations of fee-charging models were manipulated by both visualized and test-based stimuli.

The results reveal that consumers are less concerned about potential privacy violations when using subscription-based (vs. purchase-based) financial mobile services (study 1). This effect is mediated by consumers’ perceptions that app developers that charge subscription fees (vs. one-off prices) are more likely to be consumer-serving motivated (study 2 and 3).

This paper advances the current understanding of consumer response toward paid apps, by proposing and testing a novel attribution-based mechanism to explain why the implementation of a subscription-based versus purchase-based fee-charging model can result in more favorable consumer reactions. Furthermore, this paper identifies the implementation of contrasting fee-charging models as a market-related factor that affects the extent to which consumers are concerned about potential privacy violations, extending extant literature on consumer privacy concern.

In conventional discourses on sustainability, the relationship between economics and ecology is central. A number of nations' economies benefited from responsible tourism following these conferences. By supporting local businesses and attractions, ‘green’ tourism helps communities achieve their natural and cultural objectives while also preserving their limited resources. In terms of sustainable travel, Kerala was an early leader. This study looks at RT initiatives in various stages, with an emphasis on green tourism's sustainable responsible travel practises. The green economic development bottom line method was used for this descriptive research. These results highlight the difficulties inherent with RT implementation. Our review of secondary data shows that the first rollout of RT was unsuccessful, but that subsequent stages showed great promise. In order to create sustainable tourism on a worldwide scale, the study also highlights the necessity for more research in other culturally distant places.