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Expert briefing
Publication date: 8 January 2016

Ring-fencing free navigation through the Turkish Straits from the Russian-Turkish confrontation.

Expert briefing
Publication date: 13 January 2020

With TurkStream, Russia has opened a new export route to the EU through South-eastern Europe under the Black Sea: Bulgaria, Greece and North Macedonia are receiving Russian gas…

Expert briefing
Publication date: 7 June 2023

Iran perceives that it has become isolated in the South Caucasus, as a result of changing geopolitical relations over the past three years. Israel has increased its presence…

Executive summary
Publication date: 14 April 2023

UKRAINE: Economy may show some signs of recovery

Expert briefing
Publication date: 1 December 2022

Sanctions have constrained east-west transit through Russia and revived its interest in north-south connections to Gulf ports and India. Moscow and Tehran, each keen to circumvent…

Expert briefing
Publication date: 30 January 2024

Modestly increased gas exports to China have offset only a fraction of the lost business in Europe. The United States last year imposed sanctions on the flagship Arctic-2 LNG…

Expert briefing
Publication date: 23 December 2015

Turkish-Russian relations may suffer long-lasting damage from the downing of a Russian Su-24 military jet on the Turkish-Syrian border. Turkey has started looking to diversify…

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