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Providing high-quality and cost-efficient care of older people is an important development priority for many health and social care systems in the world. This paper suggests a shift from acute, episodic and reactive hospital-centered care toward longitudinal, person-centered and proactive home-centered care. The purpose of this paper is to contribute to the knowledge of a comprehensive development strategy for designing and providing home-centered care of older people.

The study design is based on qualitative research with an inductive approach. The authors study development initiatives at the national, regional and local levels of the Swedish health and social care system. The data collection methods included interviews (n = 54), meeting observations (n = 25) and document studies (n = 59).

The authors describe findings related to policy actions and system changes, attempts to achieve collaboration, integration and coordination, new forms of care offerings, characteristics of work settings at home and differences in patients' roles and participation at home and in the hospital.

The authors suggest home-centered care as a solution for providing person-centered and integrated care of older people and give examples of how this can be achieved.

The authors outline five propositions for research and development related to national policies, service modularity as a solution for customized and coordinated care, developing human resources and infrastructure for home settings, expanding services that enable older people living at home and patient co-creation.

To better understand the nature and effective delivery of quality health-care globally, this paper aims to study the role of quality leadership on patient care quality (PCQ) delivered in hospitals, including the intervening role of technology integration and two country-level factors – national culture and infrastructure development – in North America (Canada, Mexico and the USA).

PCQ comprises four facets: interpersonal, technical, environmental and administrative quality. Using survey data and interdisciplinary theoretical support (e.g. quality management and the Global Leadership and Organizational Behavior Effectiveness Project [GLOBE] model of national culture), this paper tested for moderated mediation between hospital quality leadership and the four-facet PCQ model with technology integration as the mediator and national culture and infrastructure development as moderators.

Results show that technology integration partially mediates the relationship between hospital quality leadership and PCQ and that national culture and infrastructure development shape the role of hospital quality leadership on PCQ. Hence, these national factors must be considered holistically to understand the impact of hospital quality leadership on patient care.

To improve PCQ, hospital leaders should broaden their understanding of quality health-care to include technology integration and an awareness of cultural and institutional differences across nations.

This paper used primary data from hospital quality leaders and the four-facet PCQ conceptualization across three large North American nations, offering a more global understanding of service quality in health-care.

This study aims to identify critical barriers to design thinking (DT) implementation in healthcare and to determine hierarchical relationships among the barriers.

Through an extensive literature review and healthcare experts' opinions, 13 barriers to DT implementation in healthcare were identified. Data were collected using survey questionnaires, and an interpretive structural modeling (ISM) -MICMAC analysis was employed to produce a hierarchical model of identified barriers.

Results reveal the absence of standalone barriers, highlighting “Lack of Organizational autonomy” and “Lack of innovation mindset” as crucial barriers at the bottom of the hierarchy. Overcoming these barriers requires a shift in organizational mindset, dedicated resources, interdisciplinary collaborations, and aligning DT with healthcare regulations.

The findings aid policymakers in recognizing interconnected barriers, enabling DT implementation through strategic mitigation. Healthcare leaders and stakeholders can use this insight to formulate effective strategies for addressing these barriers.

This research presents a distinct investigation of identifying the barriers to DT implementation in the healthcare sector in India. DT’s seamless implementation in hospitals encounters diverse barriers, hindering its full potential. This research contributes to the extant literature by providing the interrelationship between the barriers and a hierarchical model for a clear understanding of the levels of barriers.

The adoption of digital technology has not been able to overcome the problem of patient healthcare service quality in Indonesian hospitals, especially in lower middle-class hospitals that are widely distributed in the regions, because its utilization has not been well coordinated. This research explores the influence of Digital Adoption Capability (DAC) on Hospital Performance (HP) for these service problems.

This research used a quantitative methodology design approach. Survey data were collected from 285 leaders of class C and D hospitals throughout Indonesia, who were selected at simple random from March to August 2023. Data analysis was carried out using the structural equation modeling method with the help of LISREL version 8.80 software.

The research found a positive and significant influence of DAC on HP. Digital Leadership (DL) plays an important role in performance, both directly and indirectly. ICT Literacy (ICT) and Patient-Centric (PC) do not have a direct influence on HP but provide significant results through DAC. This research also found Environmental Dynamism (ED) factors that significantly drive the need to improve performance through digital adoption.

Providing insight into increasing the role of digital technology to connect healthcare workers and patients to produce safe and quality healthcare services in an ever-changing environmental condition.

This model is very important for the management of small hospital organizations in the context of adopting digital technology to be able to provide better services to patients and improve hospital performance.

This paper aims to explore the intricate relationship between artificial intelligence (AI) and health information literacy (HIL), examining the rise of AI in health care, the intersection of AI and HIL and the imperative for promoting AI literacy and integrating it with HIL. By fostering collaboration, education and innovation, stakeholders can navigate the evolving health-care ecosystem with confidence and agency, ultimately improving health-care delivery and outcomes for all.

This paper adopts a conceptual approach to explore the intricate relationship between AI and HIL, aiming to provide guidance for health-care professionals navigating the evolving landscape of AI-driven health-care delivery. The methodology used in this paper involves a synthesis of existing literature, theoretical analysis and conceptual modeling to develop insights and recommendations regarding the integration of AI literacy with HIL.

Impact of AI on health-care delivery: The integration of AI technologies in health-care is reshaping the industry, offering unparalleled opportunities for improving patient care, optimizing clinical workflows and advancing medical research. Significance of HIL: HIL, encompassing the ability to access, understand and critically evaluate health information, is crucial in the context of AI-driven health-care delivery. It empowers health-care professionals, patients and the broader community to make informed decisions about their health and well-being. Intersection of AI and HIL: The convergence of AI and HIL represents a critical juncture, where technological innovation intersects with human cognition. AI technologies have the potential to revolutionize how health information is generated, disseminated and interpreted, necessitating a deeper understanding of their implications for HIL. Challenges and opportunities: While AI holds tremendous promise for enhancing health-care outcomes, it also introduces new challenges and complexities for individuals navigating the vast landscape of health information. Issues such as algorithmic bias, transparency and accountability pose ethical dilemmas that impact individuals’ ability to critically evaluate and interpret AI-generated health information. Recommendations for health-care professionals: Health-care professionals are encouraged to adopt strategies such as staying informed about developments in AI, continuous education and training in AI literacy, fostering interdisciplinary collaboration and advocating for policies that promote ethical AI practices.

To enhance AI literacy and integrate it with HIL, health-care professionals are encouraged to adopt several key strategies. First, staying abreast of developments in AI technologies and their applications in health care is essential. This entails actively engaging with conferences, workshops and publications focused on AI in health care and participating in professional networks dedicated to AI and health-care innovation. Second, continuous education and training are paramount for developing critical thinking skills and ethical awareness in evaluating AI-driven health information (Alowais et al., 2023). Health-care organizations should provide opportunities for ongoing professional development in AI literacy, including workshops, online courses and simulation exercises focused on AI applications in clinical practice and research.

This paper lies in its exploration of the intersection between AI and HIL, offering insights into the evolving health-care landscape. It innovatively synthesizes existing literature, proposes strategies for integrating AI literacy with HIL and provides guidance for health-care professionals to navigate the complexities of AI-driven health-care delivery. By addressing the transformative potential of AI while emphasizing the importance of promoting critical thinking skills and ethical awareness, this paper contributes to advancing understanding in the field and promoting informed decision-making in an increasingly digital health-care environment.

This study aims to investigate the mediating roles of servant leadership and employee vitality in the relationship between psychological ownership and employee creativity among healthcare workers in Ghana.

A sample of 736 public and private healthcare respondents was selected using a convenience sampling technique. Data collected using a self-reported questionnaire was analyzed via partial least square structural equation modeling.

The findings reveal that psychological ownership directly improves employee creativity, while servant leadership and employee vitality mediate the relationship between psychological ownership and employee creativity separately and complementarily.

The research used self-reported data, increasing the potential for common method variance. However, sufficient care was taken to minimize these limitations.

This research makes valuable contributions to the field of healthcare practice literature. The findings suggest that management of health care entities should focus on creating a workplace culture that cultivates psychological ownership among employees and policies that enhance employee vitality and promote servant behavior to foster employee creativity.

This study represents one of the earliest attempts to examine a theoretical framework that connects servant leadership, employee vitality, employee creativity and psychological ownership within the context of the health service industry.

Efficiency standards, similar to industrial measures like overall equipment effectiveness (OEE), are being used in healthcare systems more and more. Performance indicator models applied to machines assume a constant completion time. However, for human resources, the completion time of a task may vary depending on the stress experienced. This study seeks to bridge this gap by integrating the human behavior of the physician into the performance evaluation.

The paper presents a new algorithm called PerfoBalance that is intended to distribute waiting-patient values among doctors. By maximizing each physician’s stress zones, this method helps to improve their performance as a whole. A thorough case study with medical professionals is carried out to confirm the effectiveness of the suggested methodology. The PerfoBalance algorithm is used in a variety of contexts to divide waiting-patient values among doctors and optimize stress zones.

Experimental results demonstrate a significant improvement in physician efficiency when implementing the PerfoBalance algorithm. The algorithm strategically selects stress zones that contribute to higher performance rates for physicians by optimizing waiting-patient values.

By addressing the undervaluation of human performance difficulties in current efficiency models used in the healthcare industry, this research constitutes a significant contribution to the field. With its launch, the PerfoBalance algorithm offers a fresh viewpoint on waiting-patient value allocation and stress zone management in healthcare settings, hence representing a powerful method for increasing physician productivity.

Integrated care is the leading approach to developing health and social care services in Finland. After the national health and social care reform, the importance of assessing integration has been emphasized. The aim of this study was to pilot the SCIROCCO tool, which assesses integration maturity, in Finland. The SCIROCCO tool was translated and adapted to the Finnish health and social care context. The feasibility and utility of this tool for assessing the maturity for integration across health and social care in Finland were evaluated using empirical pilot data collected among employees of selected well-being service counties. The study also provided baseline information on the maturity of integration after the national health and social care reform.

Employees (n = 111) of different personnel groups in health and social care services in four well-being service counties assessed the maturity of integration using a web-based survey. A pilot study design was used.

The SCIROCCO tool was found to be useful for assessing the maturity of integration in health and social care within the well-being service counties. However, the tool requires further development to be fully adapted to the Finnish health and social care system and to assess integration across sectors. The results emphasize the need to understand the perspectives of different personnel groups on integration and to consider them in the development work.

This was the first study conducted in Finland that provided valuable insights into the assessment of integration across the health and social care sectors. This study establishes the foundation for future research and development in the field of integration assessment.

This study aims to summarize studies that compared the performance of health-care institutions led by leaders with medical background versus those with no medical background.

A systematic search was conducted on three databases: PubMed, Ovid Medline and Google Scholar to identify relevant peer-reviewed studies using the keywords “performance,” “impact,” “physician,” “medical,” “doctor,” “leader,” “healthcare institutions” and “hospital.” Only quantitative studies that compared the performance of health-care institutions led by leaders with medical background versus non-medical background were included. Articles were screened and assessed for eligibility before the relevant data were extracted to summarize, appraise and make a narrative account of the findings.

A total of eight studies were included, four were based in the USA, two in the UK and one from Germany and one from the Arab World. Half of the studies (n = 4) reported overall better health-care institutional performance in terms of hospital quality ranking such as clinical effectiveness and patient safety under leaders with medical background, whereas one study showed poorer performance. The remaining studies reported mixed results among the different performance indicators, especially financial performance.

While medical background leaders may have an edge in clinical competence to manage health-care institutions, it will be beneficial to equip them with essential management skills to optimize leadership competence and enhance organizational performance.

The exclusive inclusion of quantitative empirical studies that compared health-care institutional performance medical and non-medical leaders provides a clearer link between the relationship between health-care institutional performance and the leaders’ background.

Notwithstanding their potential benefits especially for individuals with low health literacy, users are still somewhat skeptical about the reliability of healthcare chatbots. The present study aims to address this challenge by investigating strategies to enhance users’ cognitive and emotional trust in healthcare chatbots. Particularly, this study aims to understand the effects of chatbot design cues in increasing trust and future chatbot use intention for low health literacy users.

We conducted two experimental studies with a final sample of 327 (Study 1) and 241 (Study 2). Three different chatbots were developed (Chatbot design: Bot vs Male-doctor vs Female-doctor). Participants were asked to have a medical consultation with the chatbot. Participants self-reported their health literacy scores. The PROCESS model 7 was used to analyze the hypotheses.

The results showed that the female-doctor cues elicited greater cognitive and emotional trust, whereas the male-doctor cues only led to greater cognitive trust (vs bot-like cues). Importantly, this study found that users’ health literacy is a significant moderating factor in shaping cognitive and emotional trust. The results indicated that both the female and male-doctor cues’ positive effects on cognitive trust were significant for those with lower levels of health literacy. Furthermore, the positive effect of the female-doctor cues on emotional trust was also significant only for those whose health literacy level was low. The increased cognitive and emotional trust led to greater future intention to use the chatbot, confirming significant moderated mediation effects.

Despite the strong economic and educational benefits of healthcare chatbots for low health literacy users, studies examining how healthcare chatbot design cues affect low health literate users surprisingly remained scarce. The results of this study suggest that healthcare chatbots can be a promising technological intervention to narrow the health literacy gap when aligned with appropriate design cues.