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This study aims to discover how ethnic entrepreneurs actually understand the performance of their business through clarification of key indicators they use in evaluating business success and failure.

The attribution of success and failure in business was investigated through in-depth interviews, bolstered by the self-determination theory, with some UK’s Black African entrepreneurs.

Findings suggest that ethnic entrepreneurs’ attribution of success and failure is not only subjectively constructed but also enacted through cultural symbolism. The combination of cultural and personal values provoked attitudinal idiosyncrasy that construes business failure as success.

The result offers valuable knowledge to academics/practitioners researching success and failure factors in the ethnic entrepreneurship field.

This study attempts to formulate a conceptual and operational model that encapsulates the highlights of scientific sustainability research and that identifies the critical success factors of sustainable development from the perspective of different stakeholder groups. It seeks to identify viable consensus pathways in sustainable development strategies that are marked by conflicts among different stakeholders. To do so, this study focuses on three case studies that are part of the EU project SMILE, its way of sustainability thinking, and its stakeholders to encapsulate different sustainability approaches and different needs for sustainable development. To identify critical success/failure factors in the search for sustainable development at the interface of economic, environmental, and social factors, we use interview results, first, to compose case study–specific pentagon models. These models offer a systematic framework for sustainability and, in general, distinguish between five key forces, that is, software (e.g., knowledge), hardware (e.g., research facilities), finware (e.g., financial support), ecoware (e.g., environmental amenities), and orgware (e.g., institutional support systems). In a second step, we use both the questionnaire results and a multi-criteria spider approach to quantify the relative importance of the pentagon factors for each stakeholder group. This way we are able to develop stakeholder-specific pentagon models. Although there are many applications of the basic pentagon model in the sustainability literature, our attempt can be seen as the first one that combines cases at different time and spatial scales to generalize the interfaces between scientific research and policy arenas.

We trace the evolution of a new integrated care policy in the English NHS (enhanced health in care homes, EHCH) from pilot model to wider roll out, over a 4-year period, into the circumstances of COVID-19.

Using published evidence and official documentation we compared and contrasted the original EHCH model/framework, subsequent draft specifications and the final proposals, ahead of implementation.

The Primary Care Network EHCH service specification has clearly arisen from the Vanguard programme; however, problems related to GP contracts and COVID-19 means, at least initially, there is likely to be some variability over who will be responsible for delivery. It is unknown whether this service, delivered at pace in the current circumstances, will achieve or affect the outcomes envisaged by the pilots.

This is our interpretation of the developing policy for enhanced health in care homes, which requires further follow-up research. We are beginning our final fieldwork phase in Summer 2020, to report on the Vanguard legacy.

Evaluations of policy success/failure should consider the context and the differing power relations that are present and may impact subsequent take-up and roll-out across the system. We recommend a longitudinal approach to enable a holistic view of policy implementation.

This paper reveals the fragility of health and care policymaking in the current climate. From initial concept, through development and testing, into forced early roll out, our observations reflect the unique impact of a global pandemic shock.

The purpose of this paper is to contribute to cross culture training (CCT) literature by exploring the HR managers roles in CCT provision and the reasons affecting the given role enactment.

This exploratory study is based on in-depth interviews with 15 Israeli HR managers in charge of the provision of CCT in their respective companies and five interviews with CCT professionals who provide CCT training for a wide range of companies operating in Israel.

The study highlights the significant impact of HR managers’ awareness and perceptions of CCT on its provision and discusses a related self-perpetuating cycle of current practice reinforcement that limits the likelihood of practice improvement.

The limitations of the exploratory design of the study call for further research on HR roles in CCT provision.

The findings suggest that HR managers partly design and implement practice according to what they believe are unmet expatriate needs and what they perceive as effective HR tools. The authors discuss the practical value of raising their awareness not only of CCT designs and methodologies, but also of the complexities of expatriate adjustment and the opportunities offered by rigorous evaluation of current practice.

The study departs from the dominant focus in the literature on the content and methodologies of CCT and instead explores the neglected role of HR managers in CCT provision.

The ION interlending project is due for completion in December 1994, having been extended from June of this year. This article presents the results to date of the project, as it nears its conclusion. Products developed by the three partners (LASER, Pica and SDB/SUNIST) in the course of the project are described and the resulting services are listed. The technical design of the systems in each of the three countries involved is covered in some detail.

To describe a research project which seeks to establish a value management framework for project briefing to systematically identify and clarify client requirements, and represent these requirements precisely and explicitly to facilitate the design process.

Two research instruments are used: structured questionnaire survey to validate the theoretical framework established; and experiments to test the proposed value management framework with real‐life projects, supported by case studies.

The primary research findings of this project are the identification of 13 variables that have an impact on the briefing process, which form the basis of the theoretical framework. It is revealed that the theoretical foundation of the research supports the use of value management to the briefing process. Further validation will be completed by conducting questionnaire survey and real‐life case studies.

This paper improves comprehension of the nature, characteristics and problems of the briefing process. It also introduces the theoretical foundation of the research project and describes the process for the development of the value management framework for project briefing.

The purpose of this study is to explore the effects of priming on consumer emotions and willingness to pay as consumers experience two services with two opposite valences.

A 2 (service experience sequence: failure–success, success–failure) × 3(priming: positive, negative, no priming) between-subject experiment was conducted with 230 college students in China.

Results indicate that when priming information is included, people give greater decision weight to the second service. Specifically, in the failure–success scenario, priming information between two services increases positive emotions and decreases negative emotions, raising willingness to pay. In the success–failure scenario, priming information decreases positive emotions and increases negative emotions, thus lowering willingness to pay.

First, if businesses discover the possibility of a service failure, then disclosing negative information is better than whitewashing the truth. Second, services following a campaign of positively framed messages should be carefully rendered. The damage of pre-failure positive priming is most certainly irreparable. Finally, in terms of communication, businesses and service providers should cater to consumers exposed to different levels of information accordingly.

Previous investigations focusing on a single purchase have argued that priming effects should cause consumers of varying tastes to react in a more unified manner to a service. This study extends the research scope to more realistic situations ”sequential service experiences with opposite valences” and asserts that differences in service experiences alter the influence of priming information.

The goal of this paper is to examine how broadcaster brand images are affected by programming decisions.

Two sets of experiments were undertaken with regular viewers/listeners of TV and radio stations. Subjects were presented with scenarios describing program success (failure) and program congruity (incongruity).

Results show that perceptions of program brand success (failure) have an enhancement (dilution) effect on broadcaster brand image. Program familiarity intensifies these effects. Results also show that congruity (incongruity) of program brand image produces enhancement (dilution) effects on broadcaster brand image.

Program success and congruity are conceptually and empirically linked to broadcaster branding. Further work is required to examine the drivers of success and congruity.

Results are of direct relevance for those managing broadcaster brands. They need to be aware that perceptions of a broadcaster can be enhanced (diluted) when viewers/listeners are exposed to evidence of (a) successful (unsuccessful) programs and (b) congruous (incongruous) programs. This calls for active management of perceptions of success and congruity.

This is one of only a small number of papers in marketing to focus on the commercially important area of broadcaster branding. It highlights issues that are of significance for broadcasters and for those in communications and entertainment more broadly.

This paper aims to provide a criteria-based evaluation framework for assessing knowledge management system (KMS) development methodologies.

The evaluation criteria have been elicited based on the features expected from a successful KMS. Furthermore, a number of prominent KMS development methodologies have been scrutinized based on the proposed evaluation framework.

It was demonstrated that the proposed evaluation framework is detailed and comprehensive enough to reveal the strengths and weaknesses of KMS development methodologies. It was also revealed that even though the evaluated methodologies possess certain strong features, they suffer from several shortcomings that need to be addressed.

The evaluation framework has not been applied to all existing KMS development methodologies; however, the evaluation does cover the most comprehensive methodologies which exist in the research context.

The results of this research can be used for the following purposes: organizational goal-based selection of KMS development methodologies, evolution of existing KMS development methodologies and engineering of tailored-to-fit KMS development methodologies.

The proposed evaluation framework provides a comprehensive and detailed set of criteria for assessing general, area-specific and context-specific features of KMS development methodologies. KMS developers can select the methodology which best fits their requirements based on the evaluation results. Furthermore, method engineers can extend existing methodologies or engineer new ones so as to satisfy the specific requirements of the project at hand.

The purpose of this paper is to assess the extent of failure within Ghanaian Government projects using multiple failure criteria.

This study used a sequential data collection approach by employing an in-depth semi-structured interview and questionnaire, respectively. Based on insight from the literature review, interviews were held with participants to solicit their perceptions about the failure of Ghanaian Government projects. A questionnaire was developed based on the results from the interviews in order to determine the relative importance of the various failure criteria used as the evaluation tool.

Six main criteria were identified and used as the assessment framework for Ghanaian Government project failure. The findings indicated that Ghanaian Government projects fail on all the six failure criteria; however, the extent of failure differs from criterion to criterion. The worst failure criterion is meeting the projected timescale. This is followed by cost, requirement, stakeholder satisfaction, national development and contribution to the sector where projects are implemented, respectively.

From this study, government project practitioners and policy makers will be able identify the failure areas (criteria) on which to focus during government project implementation.

Though extant literature has been devoted to the success/failure criteria, attention has not been paid to comparison of the extent of failure within these criteria in government projects. Therefore, this study extends the literature in this regard as well as government project failure literature in general.