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Article
Publication date: 19 October 2020

Abidullah Khan, Muhammad Hakimi Mohd. Shafiai, Muhammad Shaique and Shabeer Khan

The purpose of this study is to identify the demographic groups that can be targeted for donations by the cash waqf institutions for their marketing campaigns in Malaysia.

Abstract

Purpose

The purpose of this study is to identify the demographic groups that can be targeted for donations by the cash waqf institutions for their marketing campaigns in Malaysia.

Design/methodology/approach

This paper uses a structured questionnaire to acquire the understanding of Malays about the existence of poverty in Malaysia and to identify the demographic groups that can be targeted for the marketing campaigns of cash waqf institutions. The sample consisted of 430 Malays respondents residing in Selangor. The study used the methodology of Baron and Kenny for mediation analysis.

Findings

The finding indicates that Malays do hold sympathies towards the poor. Further investigation shows that high-income class and female are the two demographic groups that are more sympathetic towards the poor because of their strong belief in charity.

Research limitations/implications

The data collection is limited to Selangor only. However, it provides enough information about the demographic groups which is worth exploring for the future researchers in order to come up with marketing strategies related to cash waqf collections.

Practical implications

On the basis of findings, cash waqf institutions in Malaysia can come up with marketing strategies to attract high-income class and females as their potential donors.

Originality/value

The charity institution specifically cash waqf institutions in Malaysia are struggling to identify the right target groups for their marketing campaigns. This study used attribution theory to identify the target groups which is overshadowed by the previous research studies in the context of Malaysia.

Details

Journal of Islamic Marketing, vol. 13 no. 2
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 1759-0833

Keywords

Open Access
Article
Publication date: 18 March 2020

Zaheer Anwer, Shabeer Khan and Muhammad Abu Bakar

The purpose of this study is to document how a central bank can perform its primary and secondary functions in a Sharīʿah-compliant manner. It also seeks to investigate the…

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Abstract

Purpose

The purpose of this study is to document how a central bank can perform its primary and secondary functions in a Sharīʿah-compliant manner. It also seeks to investigate the outcomes of the experiments of Muslim-majority countries in this regard.

Design/methodology/approach

As a first step, a detailed review of existing literature is conducted, which discusses the views of scholars and practitioners on the central banking mechanism in a fully Sharīʿah-compliant financial system. Moving further, the case studies of Iran, Sudan and Pakistan are presented to highlight experiences of regulators from three Muslim-majority countries, which aimed to achieve full compliance with Sharīʿah (Islamic law) principles related to Islamic finance. To evaluate their models, an assessment of their practices is performed in the light of Sharīʿah rules and principles based on existing literature. Finally, the issues involved in establishing a Sharīʿah-compliant central bank (SCCB) are discussed and improvements are suggested.

Findings

It is found that Iran played an effective role in pursuing broader objectives of monetary policy by setting priorities for credit allocation and assisting the government in reducing expenses; however, with respect to instruments, its experience is limited to the rebranding of conventional products. Sudan has not only used monetary policy to effectively curb inflation but also it has introduced various indirect instruments to perform monetary operations. Pakistan succeeded in formulating a theoretical roadmap to establish a SCCB but the desired objectives could not be achieved because of multiple factors.

Practical implications

This study has important policy implications for regulators and policymakers from Muslim countries, who can use the findings in shaping effective Sharīʿah-compliant central banking practices in their respective countries.

Originality/value

This study discusses the salient features of an important Islamic financial institution, the central bank and evaluates the experiments of three Muslim-majority countries in implementing Sharīʿah-compliant central banking practices. To the best of the knowledge, this evaluation has not been performed in the existing literature and the present study fills in this gap.

Details

ISRA International Journal of Islamic Finance, vol. 12 no. 1
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0128-1976

Keywords

Article
Publication date: 14 September 2023

Mohamad Handi Khalifah, Fatih Savaşan, Naimat U. Khan and Shabeer Khan

This paper aims to trace the contours of Islamic political economy (IPE) for last four decades with the help of bibliometric analysis. This method does not focus on in-depth…

Abstract

Purpose

This paper aims to trace the contours of Islamic political economy (IPE) for last four decades with the help of bibliometric analysis. This method does not focus on in-depth literature. However, it reviews more material content of the published papers in the field, generally including the number of publications, authors, title, H-Index and authors’ affiliation.

Design/methodology/approach

The authors use biblioshiny by R in conducting bibliometric analysis. Based on the results of analysis, the authors only found 39 relevant documents to the topic with the help of keyword of “Islamic political economy”. The authors analyse the data and visualize it into bibliometric images for the convenience of the readers.

Findings

There are 39 documents on IPE in the annual scientific production. The year 1980 had the lowest productivity at 3% while the year 2007 showed an increase in scientific productivity by 13%. The most significant increase in production occurred between 2014 and 2015 by 8%, while the most significant decline occurred between 2007 and 2008 by 10%. The most significant contributors are Akan, T., Choudhury, M.A. and Asutay, M. According to the Corresponding Author’s Country, the UK has eight articles on IPE. Humanomics is the most influential Journal, with six documents.

Research limitations/implications

This research only examines documents sourced from Web of Science and Scopus under the title “Islamic political economy” and does not include articles from other sources. This research has implications for future researchers and suggests a shift in recent research on IPE towards exploring current realities and expanding beyond traditional economic and political aspects. The goal is to gain a comprehensive understanding of Islam’s role in shaping economic and political systems, promoting inclusive sustainable development and social justice, and exploring its relationship with broader political and economic systems.

Originality/value

IPE has become a trendy topic in the early days, the second half of the 20th century, during the revival of the Islamic mode of finance and development. However, with time, the discussion on this topic appeared less in scientific and academic publications; this issue needs an overview of how far this discipline has evolved. This work aims to identify future research trends in this area. Scholars should investigate articles by author, institution, country, databases, data sources with high-impact factors and objective metrics to get new perspectives.

Details

Qualitative Research in Financial Markets, vol. 16 no. 3
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 1755-4179

Keywords

Article
Publication date: 6 May 2022

Niaz Ahmed Bhutto, Shabeer Khan, Uzair Abdullah Khan and Anjlee Matlani

The purpose of this study is to investigate the impact of COVID-19 on conventional and Islamic stocks by using the data spanning from February 25, 2020, to February 3, 2021, and…

Abstract

Purpose

The purpose of this study is to investigate the impact of COVID-19 on conventional and Islamic stocks by using the data spanning from February 25, 2020, to February 3, 2021, and employing a panel regression approach.

Design/methodology/approach

In this study a panel regression approach has been used.

Findings

The study finds a negative association between COVID-19 and stock (both Islamic and conventional). After splitting the data into 1st and 2nd waves, the relationship between COVID-19 and stock (both Islamic and conventional) remains the same (negative) in the case of the 1st wave. In contrast, in the case of the 2nd wave, the relationship turned out to be positive. During both waves of the pandemic, the magnitude of the effect is found to be higher for conventional stocks. Additionally, the study also analyzes the aggregate influence of COVID-19 on different sectors and finds that commercial banks, oil and gas exploration and marketing companies are the most influenced sectors. At the same time, automobiles and pharma are the least affected sectors.

Practical implications

The study suggests that markets start gaining momentum to reach their prepandemic level after absorbing the initial shock (emergence of a pandemic). The study also provides thorough insights for market regulators and policymakers by implying the dynamic relations between markets (conventional and Islamic) and financial crisis, which would allow them more effective control of crisis in future endeavors.

Originality/value

This is one of the first studies to investigate the impact of COVID-19 on both conventional and Islamic stocks, especially in the context of Pakistan.

Details

Journal of Economic and Administrative Sciences, vol. 40 no. 4
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 2054-6238

Keywords

Article
Publication date: 17 July 2023

Shabeer Khan, Mohd Ziaur Rehman, Mohammad Rahim Shahzad, Naimat U Khan and Lutfi Abdul Razak

There has been a burgeoning interest in exploring the impact of uncertainty factors on share returns. However, studies on the influence of global financial uncertainties on…

Abstract

Purpose

There has been a burgeoning interest in exploring the impact of uncertainty factors on share returns. However, studies on the influence of global financial uncertainties on emerging market sectoral indices are scarce. Thus, there is a need to have a thorough investigation of the connection between global financial uncertainties and emerging market sectoral indices. To fill this gap, using the theoretical framework of international portfolio diversification (IPD) and utilizing data from 2008 to 2021, this study examines the spillover connection between global uncertainty indices (GUIs) and leading sectoral indices of 28 emerging markets.

Design/methodology/approach

The authors employ the quantile spillover-based connectedness approach and minimum connectedness portfolio approach to explore the dynamic connectedness among sectoral indices and global uncertainty indices (GUIs) as well as portfolio implication.

Findings

The study found high connectedness among all indices, especially at higher and lower quantiles. Among GUIs, the authors find that stock market volatility (VIX) and oil volatility index (OVX) are strongly interconnected with all leading emerging markets' sectoral indices. Among sectoral indices, the linkage between the financial (F-Index), information technology (IT-Index), and consumer discretionary (CD-Index) sectors shows moderate interconnectedness. In contrast, the communication services (CS-Index) sector has low interconnectedness with the system. In terms of spillover effects, the authors find EVZ, OVX, and the IT sectors to be net recipients for the entire period. The authors also explored portfolio diversification benefits by employing a minimum connectedness portfolio approach. The cumulative returns' findings show a slight decline in the portfolio's value after 2010; during 2012, the pattern remained stable; from 2014 to 2020, the portfolio performed negatively, that is, underperformance due to different events in that period, including COVID-19. The Consumer Discretionary sector is found to be significant because of having the largest weight, 51%, in the portfolio during the study period.

Practical implications

The study suggests that investors should invest in the communication services sector as it is the least connected. However, the connectedness increases during COVID-19, which implies that it may be difficult for investors to benefit from IPD in a crisis period. Hence, to obtain the benefits from IPD, the evidence suggests that investors need to consider Consumer Discretionary sector while considering assets for investment.

Originality/value

The study's uniqueness is that the authors have investigated spillover between GUIs and 28 emerging markets sectoral indices by employing a quantile spillover-based connectedness approach and minimum connectedness portfolio approach with a special focus on portfolio implication.

Details

International Journal of Emerging Markets, vol. ahead-of-print no. ahead-of-print
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 1746-8809

Keywords

Article
Publication date: 20 March 2023

Shabeer Khan

The current developments in the Islamic capital market raise questions about its one of the main objectives of developing the Islamic capital market is to achieve financial…

Abstract

Purpose

The current developments in the Islamic capital market raise questions about its one of the main objectives of developing the Islamic capital market is to achieve financial inclusion. Despite its policy significance, the empirical literature offers little evidence of the Sukuk-financial inclusion nexus. Thus, this study aims to contribute to the literature by empirically investigating the impacts of Sukuk financing on financial inclusion in most Sukuk-issued financial markets countries.

Design/methodology/approach

In this study, the author used a two-step generalized method of moments (GMM) technique to explore the impact of Sukuk financing on financial inclusion in 18 countries using data from 1995 to 2017.

Findings

The study's empirical suggest that Sukuk increases financial inclusion and supports the view that Islamic capital markets' development alleviates financing obstacles and also reflects the critical role of the Islamic capital market as a vital contributor to increasing financial inclusion.

Practical implications

The study recommends that Sukuk could be used as a tool to tackle the issue of financial exclusion.

Social implications

The Sukuk market development creates new job markets through innovative projects. These jobs lead to increased income for the working class, leading to higher employment and stimulating investment and financial inclusion.

Originality/value

This is one of the first studies to investigate the Sukuk-financial inclusion nexus empirically. Additionally, the study has used advanced panel techniques in the context of Sukuk and financial inclusion linkage.

Peer review

The peer review history for this article is available at: https://publons.com/publon/10.1108/IJSE-06-2022-0424

Details

International Journal of Social Economics, vol. 50 no. 8
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0306-8293

Keywords

Article
Publication date: 14 October 2022

Mohsin Ali, Mudeer Ahmed Khattak, Shabeer Khan and Noureen Khan

The purpose of this study is to examine the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN) Islamic and conventional equities.

Abstract

Purpose

The purpose of this study is to examine the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN) Islamic and conventional equities.

Design/methodology/approach

To study the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on ASEAN Islamic and conventional equities, first, the authors calculated the volatility by using exponential generalized autoregressive conditional heteroscedasticity methodology and then used Wavelet methodology to see the co-movement between the volatility and returns of ASEAN equity market indicators and COVID-19 cases.

Findings

The authors find that until the beginning of August, COVID-19 adversely relates to the returns of both the indices. The conventional index seemed to have increased volatility during the time period, whereas the Islamic index seemed to have declined volatility.

Originality/value

To the best of the authors’ knowledge, this is one of the very few studies examining the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on ASEAN Islamic and conventional equities. Additionally, this study adds value by comparing Islamic and conventional equities.

Details

Studies in Economics and Finance, vol. 40 no. 4
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 1086-7376

Keywords

Article
Publication date: 16 December 2022

Shabeer Khan, Hakan Aslan, Uzair Abdullah Khan and M.I. Bhatti

This study investigates the determinants of net interest margin (NIM) and tests the decoupling hypothesis in Turkey's Islamic and conventional banks.

Abstract

Purpose

This study investigates the determinants of net interest margin (NIM) and tests the decoupling hypothesis in Turkey's Islamic and conventional banks.

Design/methodology/approach

This study has employed a panel quantile model (PQM) to assess the net interest margin (NIM) and test the decoupling hypothesis in the dual banking system of Turkey.

Findings

The empirical results show that the impact of equity is positive for both Islamic and conventional banks but relatively more robust for Islamic banks. Moreover, it is observed that return on assets has a positive association with NIM in both types of banking systems. Interestingly, the impact increases from lower to higher quantiles, but a higher acceleration rate is observed for Islamic banks. The study also finds that, as bank stability increases, NIM decreases for both groups of banks but more stably for Islamic banks, resulting in lower margins than conventional banks. Thus, the paper confirms the decoupling hypothesis and suggests that, to increase profit margins, Islamic banks need to increase assets and equity.

Practical implications

The paper confirms the decoupling hypothesis and suggests that to increase profit margin, Islamic banks need to increase assets and equity.

Social implications

Since both equity and assets contribute positively to interest margins, policymakers in the industry need to increase the size of equity and assets to get maximum returns.

Originality/value

This is one of the first studies to investigate NIM's determinants and test the decoupling hypothesis in the Turkish dual banking system using a non-parametric MCMC panel quantile regression (QRM) model.

Details

International Journal of Emerging Markets, vol. 19 no. 10
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 1746-8809

Keywords

Article
Publication date: 7 January 2022

Shabeer Khan and Mohd Ziaur Rehman

The purpose of this paper is to analyze the relationship between macroeconomic fundamentals, intuitional quality and shadow economy.

Abstract

Purpose

The purpose of this paper is to analyze the relationship between macroeconomic fundamentals, intuitional quality and shadow economy.

Design/methodology/approach

By utilizing data setspanning from 2004 to 2015 of 141 countries, the study has employed advanced panel technique, i.e. Generalized Method of Moments (GMM) method. In order to check consistency of the results, the study also used fixed effect and random effect for robustness.

Findings

The study finds that for the full sample, institutional quality has negative effect on shadow economy while macroeconomic fundaments effect shadow economy differently. After splitting the sample into Organization of Islamic Cooperation (OIC) and non-OIC countries subsamples, it observes same influence of macroeconomic fundaments and institutional quality on shadow economy, but the effect of macroeconomic fundaments and institutional quality on shadow economy is less observed for OIC countries. The results are found consistence by using different estimation methods.

Originality/value

The current literature has focused on estimating the size of shadow economy and literature linking the macroeconomic fundaments, institutional quality and shadow economy is scarce. Additionally, this study provides the evidence for cross comparison between OIC economies and non-OIC economies.

Details

Journal of Economic Studies, vol. 49 no. 8
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0144-3585

Keywords

Article
Publication date: 29 October 2021

Shabeer Khan, Baharom Abdul Hamid and Mohd Ziaur Rehman

The purpose of this paper is to empirically investigate the determinants and the impact of financial development on shadow economy in OIC countries and then compared with non-OIC…

Abstract

Purpose

The purpose of this paper is to empirically investigate the determinants and the impact of financial development on shadow economy in OIC countries and then compared with non-OIC countries.

Design/methodology/approach

The study applies advanced panel GMM technique.

Findings

The study finds that macro-variables (unemployment, economic growth, money supply and foreign trade) and institutional variables reduce shadow economy both in OIC and non-OIC countries. The study also explores that financial development mitigates shadow economy; however, its impact is significantly less in case of OIC economies compared to the non-OIC countries.

Research limitations/implications

Since the focus of this study is OIC countries vs non-OIC countries, the research only includes discussion about shadow economy in 42 OIC member states and 99 non-OIC economies. The decision to restrict the study to 42 OIC economies and 99 non-OIC nations is due to the availability of data.

Practical implications

The study suggests that free market and good business environment in the formal economy are the keys to have less shadow economy. Good institutional setup and ease in regulations can attract firms and businesses from informal sector to the official economy, while political instability is one of the main factors for having large size of shadow economy.

Social implications

The OIC member countries should implement policies which improve accessibility to finance of every citizen of the country.

Originality/value

Despite the growing importance of shadow economy, the literature investigating determinants and the role of financial development in shadow economy is scarce. To the best of the authors' knowledge, there is no literature that examined the shadow economy in the context of OIC member countries. Furthermore, this study has covered a large number of OIC and non-OIC economics over time and across different groups using largest data and advanced panel GMM techniques.

Details

International Journal of Emerging Markets, vol. 18 no. 10
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 1746-8809

Keywords

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