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This paper aims to improve the fault detection adaptive threshold of aircraft flap control system to make the system fault diagnosis more accurate.

According to the complex mechanical–electrical–hydraulic structure and the multiple fault modes of the aircraft flap control system, the advanced fault diagnosis method based on the bond graph (BG) model is presented, and based on the system diagnostic BG model, the parameter uncertainty intervals are estimated and a new adaptive threshold is constructed by linear fraction transformation.

To construct a more reasonable and accurate adaptive threshold range to more accurately detect system failures, some typical failure modes’ diagnosis process are selected and completed for verification; the simulation results show that the proposed method is effective and feasible for complex systems’ fault diagnosis.

This study can provide a theoretical guidance and technical support for fault diagnosis of complex systems, which avoid misdiagnosis and missed diagnosis.

This study enables more accurate fault detection and diagnosis of complex systems when considering factors such as parameter uncertainty.

This study aims to explore the tourist’s liminal experience on a ferry and form a conceptual framework of liminal experience in the mobile liminal setting from the perspective of island tourists.

To address the purpose of taking the ferry from Zhoushan Island to Sijiao Island in China as the part of research, a qualitative method research design was used, including participatory observation, in-depth interviews and online data from social media.

Ferry as a mobile liminal space on the sea provides tourists to experience liminality by perceiving unique time construction, the overlap of physical and figurative space, the sense of liminal community and perceived existential authenticity, embodied spatial practices and perceived liminal benefits and costs under the specific social and cultural contexts.

This study proposes that tourism planners should strengthen tourists’ liminal experience on the ferry through integrated shipscape planning, including ship space planning, theme design and product development, which can make the ferry to be a meaningful place brand.

This study not only confirms that taking tourism public transport such as a ferry is a rite of passage for tourists before entering the island destination but also points out that public transport is a tourist attraction with time, space and social meaning for tourists.

本研究将从岛屿游客的角度探讨游客在渡船上的阈限体验, 并探讨移动阈限环境中的阈限体验概念框架。

本研究以舟山岛至泗礁岛的渡轮为研究田野, 采用了包括参与性观察、深度访谈和社交媒体数据在内的定性数据收集开展研究。

在特定的社会和文化情境下, 独特的时间结构感知、物理和形象空间的重叠、阈限社区感和存在本真感知、具身空间实践以及阈限利益和成本共同构成了游客的轮渡阈限体验。

本研究建议, 旅游规划者应通过综合的船舶景观规划, 包括船舶空间规划、主题设计和产品开发, 加强游客在渡轮上的阈限体验, 从而使渡轮成为一个有意义的地方品牌。

这项研究不仅证实了像渡轮一样乘坐旅游公共交通工具是游客进入目的地之前的一种通行仪式, 而且还指出公共交通是一个具有时间、空间和社会意义的旅游景点。

Este estudio explorará la experiencia liminar del turista en un ferry y formará un marco conceptual de la experiencia liminar en el entorno liminar móvil desde la perspectiva de los turistas de la isla.

Para abordar el propósito, de tomar el ferry de la isla de Zhoushan a la isla de Sijiao en China como el campo de investigación, se empleó un diseño de investigación de métodos cualitativos, incluyendo la observación participativa, entrevistas en profundidad, y los datos en línea de los medios de comunicación social.

El ferry, como espacio liminar móvil en el mar, permite a los turistas experimentar la liminaridad percibiendo una construcción temporal única, la superposición del espacio físico y figurativo, el sentido de comunidad liminar y la autenticidad existencial percibida, las prácticas espaciales encarnadas y los beneficios y los costes liminares percibidos en los contextos sociales y culturales específicos.

Este estudio propone que los planificadores turísticos refuercen la experiencia liminar de los turistas en el ferry mediante una planificación integrada del paisaje naval, que incluya tanto la planificación del espacio del barco como el diseño temático y el desarrollo de productos, lo que puede hacer que el ferry se convierta en una marca de lugar significativa.

Este estudio no sólo confirma que tomar un transporte público turístico como el ferry es un rito de paso para los turistas antes de entrar en un destino insular, sino que también señala que el transporte público es una atracción turística con un significado temporal, espacial y social para los turistas.

In this viewpoint, the theme editors provide an overview of the theme issue that aims to address the role of rural tourism in supporting the wellbeing and socio-economic development of local stakeholders.

The paper covers different facets of rural tourism in promoting the socio-economic development of rural communities. Specifically, the articles in this issue capture the nuances of how local stakeholders in rural tourism in different geographical regions use various strategies to promote the well-being and socio-economic development of local communities.

The papers in this theme issue demonstrate the potential role of rural tourism in promoting the socio-economic development of rural communities. These papers make an important contribution to the theory and practice of rural tourism by providing in-depth insight into the recovery and growth strategies adopted by stakeholders in diverse rural tourism destinations, especially in the wake of turbulent times such as the recent coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. These papers suggest frameworks for further research and provide case studies of innovation and adaptation.

This theme issue analyses stories of innovation, adaptation, and growth of rural tourism in various destinations that presented the industry with unique challenges in the wake of the COVID-19 pandemic. The discussion provides some lessons and charts direction for the industry. The significance is greater when stakeholders of rural tourism and policymakers view rural tourism as an engine for the recovery and growth of the rural and national economy.