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The purpose of this paper is to find econometric evidence of a negative influence of educational mismatch on either wage or job satisfaction, once potential sources of bias are adequately considered. The analysis attempts to answer the question: do wage or job satisfaction really depends on educational mismatch?

The paper uses a panel data of 1690 early career Master graduates from Università della Svizzera italiana (USI), Switzerland. First, a wage equation with dummies representing educational mismatch and other control variables is estimated. On the other hand, a regression in which the dependent variable is the degree of self-assessed job satisfaction is run in order to identify the effect of mismatch on job satisfaction.

The analysis finds no robust econometric evidence of a negative influence of educational mismatch on either wage or job satisfaction, once potential sources of bias are adequately considered.

The estimates have been conducted on a specific sub-population, i.e. a limited sample of Master graduates from a single Swiss university in the years 2006–2016; it is then not straightforward that results can be generalised to the whole population.

The influence of educational mismatch on job satisfaction has been extensively studied in the previous literature; however, most of the existing studies are likely to report biased results due to unobserved heterogeneity and measurement error. The authors address these two serious econometric issues by proposing a new instrumental variable for a self-assessed mismatch, i.e. time spent in job search after graduation.

Discussing tendencies and shortcomings in the current debate on promoting decent work in hospitality and tourism, this study aims to respond to recent calls for progress on improving employee well-being. It proposes elements of a productivity-based strategy embedded in a circular dynamic linking productivity, service quality, profitability and job quality to enhance tourism employees’ well-being in view of achieving Sustainable Development Goal 8 on decent work.

Drawing on recent empirical work on gift exchange theory, this viewpoint article presents a possible scenario that should stimulate debate among scholars and local policymakers of how decent work and quality of life can be achieved in traditional tourism destinations. This would fill a gap in the current debate, which focuses on quantitatively marginal alternative forms of tourism, to overcome problems inherent to growth-based tourism.

This contribution proposes a productivity-based development strategy supported by an incentive regulation policy targeting employers who provide tourist services in mass tourism destinations, promoting job quality to raise productivity and enhance service quality and in the end profitability.

This short article proposes a new perspective on promoting decent work in traditional tourism destinations based on gift exchange theory and discusses the scope for research essential to support a development based on the scenario described by a circular model.

基于当前关于促进酒店业和旅游业体面工作的辩论中的趋势和缺点, 本研究回应了最近在改善员工福祉方面取得进展的呼吁, 提出了嵌入在循环动态链接生产力中的基于生产力的战略要素, 服务质量、盈利能力和工作质量, 以提高旅游业员工的福祉, 以实现关于体面工作的可持续发展目标 (SDG) 8。

借鉴最近关于礼物交换理论的实证研究, 这篇观点文章提出了一个可能的情景, 以促进学者和当地政策制定者就如何在传统旅游目的地实现体面工作和生活质量的展开辩论, 从而填补当前研究中的空白。该辩论侧重于定量边缘替代的旅游形式, 以克服基于增长的旅游业固有的问题。

该研究提出了一项以生产力为基础的发展战略。该战略以在大众旅游目的地提供旅游服务的雇主提供激励监管政策支持为基础, 提高工作质量从而提高生产力和服务质量并最终提高盈利能力。

这篇短文基于礼物交换理论提出了在传统旅游目的地促进体面工作的新视角, 并讨论了基于循环模型描述的情景发展的研究范围。

Analizando las tendencias y deficiencias del debate actual sobre la promoción del trabajo digno en la hostelería y el turismo, este estudio responde a los recientes llamamientos para avanzar en la mejora del bienestar de los empleados, proponiendo elementos de una estrategia basada en la productividad e inserta en una dinámica circular que vincule la productividad, la calidad del servicio, la rentabilidad y la calidad del empleo para mejorar el bienestar de los empleados del turismo con vistas a alcanzar el Objetivo de Desarrollo Sostenible (ODS) 8 sobre trabajo digno.

Basándose en recientes trabajos empíricos sobre la teoría del intercambio de regalos, este artículo de perspectiva presenta un posible escenario que debería estimular el debate entre los estudiosos y los responsables políticos locales sobre cómo se puede lograr el trabajo digno y la calidad de vida en los destinos turísticos tradicionales. Esto llenaría un vacío en el debate actual, que se centra en formas alternativas de turismo cuantitativamente marginales, para superar los problemas inherentes al turismo basado en el crecimiento.

Esta contribución propone una estrategia de desarrollo basada en la productividad y respaldada por una política de regulación de incentivos dirigida a los empresarios que prestan servicios turísticos en destinos turísticos de masas, promoviendo la calidad del empleo para aumentar la productividad y mejorar la calidad del servicio y, en última instancia, la rentabilidad.

Este breve artículo propone una nueva perspectiva sobre la promoción del trabajo digno en los destinos turísticos tradicionales basada en la teoría del intercambio de regalos y analiza el alcance de la investigación esencial para apoyar un desarrollo basado en el escenario descrito por un modelo circular.

In this session, chaired by Prof. Egon Smeral, four papers have been presented, all concentrating on new instruments for improving marketing in tourism.

The future growth of international tourism is challenged by concerns of political instability, safety, socio‐economics and environmental impact. Furthermore, globalization has increased competition in tourism markets, and destinations are exposed to tough price competition on homogenized products by rivals worldwide. Given these challenges and the desire by locales for sustainable tourism development, human resource development is critical to the success of tourism in many markets. As countries and regions invest more in higher education for tourism, many of them seem to be launching these programs in English to broaden their market appeal. However, the market for higher tourism education in English (HTEE) is highly competitive and progressively global, so launching a program in English opens a school to greater competition as a price for reaching a wider audience. The purpose of this paper is to look at how tourism, wealth and higher education are linked, and how the location of HTEE is related to the importance and role of tourism in a country.

This research focuses on master programs in tourism taught in English. Starting from the current location of programs it develops two scenarios of the future spatial distribution of higher education in tourism in an increasingly global and competitive market.

In a first scenario, one where students are more mobile than teachers, programs will be concentrated in a few wealthy countries, which are also important tourism countries. In the alternative scenario, programs and teachers will follow students and, consequentially, distribution of higher education as well as tourism development and wealth will be distributed in a more equitable way.

This research is limited to a set of graduate programs in tourism taught in English. Future research should expand the data set to bachelor degrees as well as programs in national languages.

This paper provides useful information on how tourism, wealth and higher education are linked, and how the location of HTEE is related to the importance and role of tourism in a country.