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Purpose: Human capital development strategies and components in hospitality are covered in this chapter. This study examines hospitality human capital development, including training, leadership, technology integration, staff well-being, diversity, equality, and inclusion (DEI).

Design/methodology/approach: This chapter uses secondary data from the relevant research article literature. The design shows how human capital development techniques affect hospitality. This study addresses human capital development needs in the hospitality business as technology becomes increasingly essential.

Findings: Hospitality worker adaptation and flexibility for human capital development, including wellness efforts for work–life balance, are discussed in the chapter. The results also address recognition and incentive systems to foster a healthy hospitality workplace culture that supports employee human capital development.

Research limitations: Human capital research in hospitality is minimal. Future research should examine additional human capital determinants affecting hospitality sector success and their relevance in varied settings for global hospitality and tourism growth.

Practical implications: This study can help hospitality and tourism stakeholders, policymakers, and local communities improve the symbiotic relationship for human capital development. Practical implications emphasise the necessity of inclusive development initiatives that empower hospitality communities and maintain global hospitality and tourism.

Originality/value: This study examines how human capital development affects hospitality, particularly tourism. The novelty is studying development strategies as drivers for good change, teaching sustainable global human capital development in international tourism.

This paper aims to examine and compare extant literature on the application of multi-criteria decision-making (MCDM) techniques in humanitarian operations (HOs) and humanitarian supply chains (HSCs). It identifies the status of existing research in the field and suggests a roadmap for academicians to undertake further research in HOs and HSCs using MCDM techniques.

The paper systematically reviews the research on MCDM applications in HO and HSC domains from 2011 to 2022, as the field gained traction post-2004 Indian Ocean Tsunami phenomena. In the first step, an exhaustive search for journal articles is conducted using 48 keyword searches. To ensure quality, only those articles published in journals featuring in the first quartile of the Scimago Journal Ranking were selected. A total of 103 peer-reviewed articles were selected for the review and then segregated into different categories for analysis.

The paper highlights insufficient high-quality research in HOs that utilizes MCDM methods. It proposes a roadmap for scholars to enhance the research outcomes by advocating adopting mixed methods. The analysis of various studies revealed a notable absence of contextual reference. A contextual mind map specific to HOs has been developed to assist future research endeavors. This resource can guide researchers in determining the appropriate contextual framework for their studies.

This paper will help practitioners understand the research carried out in the field. The aspiring researchers will identify the gap in the extant research and work on future research directions.

To the best of the authors’ knowledge, this is the first literature review on applying MCDM in HOs and HSCs. It summarises the current status and proposes future research directions.

This study investigates the economic outcomes of the strategic deviation (SD), the fundamental and crucial question in institutional theory and strategic management. Previous studies have yielded contradictory findings. This study reconciles conflicting results by distinguishing the effects of the SD on financial and market performance, examining the mechanism of financing constraints and the boundary condition of institutional investor heterogeneity.

This research collected data from Chinese A-shares listed manufacturing firms from 2009 to 2021 from the CSMAR and Wind databases. This study conducted empirical tests using OLS models with Stata 15.

Empirical results demonstrate that the SD has different impacts on different dimensions of performance. The SD negatively impacts financial performance while positively impacts market performance. Financing constraints mediate the main effects. Moreover, transactional institutional investors positively moderate the negative effect of the SD on financial performance, whereas stable institutional investors negatively moderate the positive effect of the SD on market performance.

By systematically revealing how the SD has different effects on financial and market performance, this study reconciles the debate on the SD between institutional theorists and strategy scholars. This research makes contributions to the research stream by providing reasonable explanations for conflicting conclusions. Furthermore, by introducing the overlooked perspective of financing constraints, this research identifies crucial mediating mechanisms and highlights the double-edged effect of financing constraints, enriching our understanding of financing constraints. Finally, this study investigates the moderating effects of institutional investor heterogeneity, thereby making valuable contributions to the comprehension of boundary conditions.

The risk factors related to the mental health issues of adolescents diagnosed with mild to moderate intellectual difficulties (MMID) are not consistently recognised in South Africa. This paper aims to address the scarcity of literature by examining the risk factors linked to the mental health issues of adolescents with MMID.

Four hundred and fourteen participants were sampled from adolescent learners attending three special educational needs schools in Gauteng, South Africa. The selected sample included 275 male and 139 female participants with a median age of 16.5 years. The three schools represented Grade 8 with 177 learners and Grade 9 with 237 learners. Data were collected through a biographical questionnaire and an Adverse Child Experiences Questionnaire. A quantitative approach was used to identify the risk factors impacting the mental health of adolescents with MMID. The findings were used to propose intervention programmes for the support of adolescents diagnosed with MMID.

The findings suggest that risk factors for mental health difficulties issues among adolescents with MMID include family dysfunction, along with experiences of physical, sexual and verbal abuse as well as emotional and physical neglect. The recommendations stemming from the findings advocate empowering teachers, parents and caregivers to provide support for the mental health of learners with MMID.

The study makes a valuable contribution to reducing the existing gap in the literature regarding risk factors impacting the mental health of adolescents with MMID in South Africa. The study served as a platform for adolescents diagnosed with MMID to articulate their challenges. This cohort is occasionally marginalised and this research acts as an active contribution to research that focuses on their experiences. Their insights are crucial for enhancing intervention programmes and promoting their overall well-being.

The present study aims to assess the key institutional settings for earnings management (EM) in emerging economies (EE). The unique social, cultural and regulatory environment of EE provides a relevant framework for the review.

The study combines systematic literature review (SLR) with bibliometric analysis to analyse 251 articles extracted from the Scopus database, covering the period from 2001 to 2023. Further, cluster analysis using bibliographic coupling of highly cited articles is undertaken to ascertain key themes on EM in EE.

The study deciphers the influence of institutional transitions and differences in EE on (1) ownership structures, (2) the efficacy of accounting, auditing and governance reforms, (3) environmental and social disclosures and (4) audit quality at the firm level in defining the EM practices in these economies. It also identifies region/country-wise institutional similarities and divergences across the EE that drive the EM practices in these economies.

The key findings of the review provide essential guidelines for policy formulation concerning rationalization of the ownership structures, strengthening infrastructure relating to accounting and auditing practices and formalizing social and environmental practices and disclosures for effectively constraining EM in EE. The review also identifies key factors to be considered by potential investors in EE.

The study is one of its kind as it identifies unique country-specific institutional drivers for EM in EE and highlights region/country-wise resemblances and differences in the key institutional determinants of EM.